what are articulations where two or more bones come
together?
- hold bones firmly while allowing movement between
joints
them
- classified by type of material between them (fibrous,
cartilaginous or synovial) and their degree of movement
- what are immovable joints?
synarthrodial joints
- suture of the skull
- what are slightly movable joints?
amphiarthrodial joints
- symphysis pubis
- what are freely movable joints?
diarthrodial joints
- knee (hinge joint)
- which joints are synovial joints because they are lined
with synovial fluid?
diarthrodial
- synovial fluid lubricates the joint to facilitate its move-
ment
- which joints have one or more ranges of motion?
- permit extension and flexion
hinge joints
- some allow hyperextension
- knee, elbow, fingers
- which joints permit movement of one bone articulating
with a ring or notch of another bone?
pivot joints
- head of the radius w/ radial notch of ulna
- base of the thumb
- which joints consist of condyle of one bone that fits into
the elliptically shaped portion of its articulation bone?
condyloid joints
- distal end of the radius articulates w/ 3 wrist bones
- aka ellipsoidal
,- which joints are made of ball-shaped bone that fits into
a concave area of its articulating bone? ball-and-socket joints
- head of femur fitting into pelvis, shoulder
- which joints permit movement along various axes
through relatively flat articulating surfaces? gliding joints
- joints between two vertebrae
- what is the pad of cartilage that cushions the joint?
meniscus
- disk in the knee
- what are strong, dense, flexible bands of connective
tissue that hold bones to bones?
ligament
- provide stability and allow some movements while re-
stricting others
- what structures are strong, nonelastic cords of collagen
located at the ends of muscles to attach them to bones?
tendon
- support bone movement and transmitting force from
contracting muscles to the bone w/o injury
- what structure is composed of 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5
spine
lumbar, and 5 sacral vertebrae?
the following are risk factors of what condition?
- age, women
- Caucasians, Asians
- small-boned and thin
- family history osteoporosis
- cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol intake
- medications: glucocorticoids and anticonvulsants in-
crease risk
- hormone deficiencies
- what condition involves loss of bone density (osteope-
nia) and decreased bone formation?
, - silent disease (can occur without s/s)
- loss of height, spontaneous fracture from brittle bones, osteoporosis
kyphosis (convex curvature of thoracic spine)
the following are causes of what condition?
- aging
- decline of estrogen
osteoporosis
- relationship to calcium deficit (inadequate calcium in-
take)
- lack of exercise
- what condition involves chronic, autoimmune inflamma-
tory disease of connective tissue?
rheumatoid arthritis
- synovial lining inflamed with deterioration of cartilage
and erosion of surfaces (spurs)
the following are clinical findings of which condition?
- joint involvement is bilateral
- morning stittness, dittuse muscle ache, weakness rheumatoid arthritis
- localized pain, edema, stittness of fingers, wrists, ankles,
feet, knees (improved with movement)
- which condition involves a degenerative change in car-
tilage?
osteoarthritis
- results in progressive breakdown and loss of cartilage in
one or more joints
- which condition attects weight-bearing joints (vertebrae,
hips, knees, and ankles) and attects joints with repetitive
movement, those used to play sports on a regular basis?
osteoarthritis
- as cartilage wears away, bones move against each other
(joint inflammation)
- joint involvement may be unilateral
the following are clinical findings of which condition?
- joint edema, aching pain
together?
- hold bones firmly while allowing movement between
joints
them
- classified by type of material between them (fibrous,
cartilaginous or synovial) and their degree of movement
- what are immovable joints?
synarthrodial joints
- suture of the skull
- what are slightly movable joints?
amphiarthrodial joints
- symphysis pubis
- what are freely movable joints?
diarthrodial joints
- knee (hinge joint)
- which joints are synovial joints because they are lined
with synovial fluid?
diarthrodial
- synovial fluid lubricates the joint to facilitate its move-
ment
- which joints have one or more ranges of motion?
- permit extension and flexion
hinge joints
- some allow hyperextension
- knee, elbow, fingers
- which joints permit movement of one bone articulating
with a ring or notch of another bone?
pivot joints
- head of the radius w/ radial notch of ulna
- base of the thumb
- which joints consist of condyle of one bone that fits into
the elliptically shaped portion of its articulation bone?
condyloid joints
- distal end of the radius articulates w/ 3 wrist bones
- aka ellipsoidal
,- which joints are made of ball-shaped bone that fits into
a concave area of its articulating bone? ball-and-socket joints
- head of femur fitting into pelvis, shoulder
- which joints permit movement along various axes
through relatively flat articulating surfaces? gliding joints
- joints between two vertebrae
- what is the pad of cartilage that cushions the joint?
meniscus
- disk in the knee
- what are strong, dense, flexible bands of connective
tissue that hold bones to bones?
ligament
- provide stability and allow some movements while re-
stricting others
- what structures are strong, nonelastic cords of collagen
located at the ends of muscles to attach them to bones?
tendon
- support bone movement and transmitting force from
contracting muscles to the bone w/o injury
- what structure is composed of 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5
spine
lumbar, and 5 sacral vertebrae?
the following are risk factors of what condition?
- age, women
- Caucasians, Asians
- small-boned and thin
- family history osteoporosis
- cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol intake
- medications: glucocorticoids and anticonvulsants in-
crease risk
- hormone deficiencies
- what condition involves loss of bone density (osteope-
nia) and decreased bone formation?
, - silent disease (can occur without s/s)
- loss of height, spontaneous fracture from brittle bones, osteoporosis
kyphosis (convex curvature of thoracic spine)
the following are causes of what condition?
- aging
- decline of estrogen
osteoporosis
- relationship to calcium deficit (inadequate calcium in-
take)
- lack of exercise
- what condition involves chronic, autoimmune inflamma-
tory disease of connective tissue?
rheumatoid arthritis
- synovial lining inflamed with deterioration of cartilage
and erosion of surfaces (spurs)
the following are clinical findings of which condition?
- joint involvement is bilateral
- morning stittness, dittuse muscle ache, weakness rheumatoid arthritis
- localized pain, edema, stittness of fingers, wrists, ankles,
feet, knees (improved with movement)
- which condition involves a degenerative change in car-
tilage?
osteoarthritis
- results in progressive breakdown and loss of cartilage in
one or more joints
- which condition attects weight-bearing joints (vertebrae,
hips, knees, and ankles) and attects joints with repetitive
movement, those used to play sports on a regular basis?
osteoarthritis
- as cartilage wears away, bones move against each other
(joint inflammation)
- joint involvement may be unilateral
the following are clinical findings of which condition?
- joint edema, aching pain
