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NSG 3180 UNIT 1 FUNDAMENTALS EXAM 2026/2027 |
Galen College of Nursing Validation | Pass Guaranteed -
A+ Graded
Section 1: Nursing Process & Critical Thinking (Questions 1–12)
Q1. A nurse is caring for a patient admitted with dehydration. During the initial
assessment, the nurse documents that the patient has dry mucous membranes,
decreased skin turgor, and reports thirst. Which step of the nursing process is the
nurse performing?
A. Diagnosis
B. Planning
C. Assessment
D. Implementation
Rationale: Assessment involves collecting subjective and objective data about the
patient's condition. Dry mucous membranes and decreased skin turgor are objective
data; thirst is subjective data. This is the first step of ADPIE. Diagnosis involves
analyzing data to identify problems, planning involves setting goals, and
implementation involves carrying out interventions.
Correct Answer: C
Q2. A nursing student is developing a care plan for a patient with impaired mobility.
The student writes: "Patient will ambulate 50 feet with a walker by discharge." This
statement represents which component of the nursing process?
A. Nursing diagnosis
B. Expected outcome
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C. Nursing intervention
D. Evaluation criterion
Rationale: This is a measurable, time-specific expected outcome written during the
planning phase. A nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment about a patient's response
to a health condition. A nursing intervention is an action taken by the nurse.
Evaluation criterion would measure whether the outcome was met, not the outcome
itself.
Correct Answer: B
Q3. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which patient should the nurse
prioritize seeing first?
A. A patient requesting assistance with updating their will
B. A patient with a blood pressure of 82/48 mmHg and dizziness
C. A patient who wants to discuss discharge planning with family
D. A patient asking for help connecting with a spiritual advisor
Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy prioritizes physiological needs first. A blood pressure
of 82/48 mmHg with dizziness indicates potential hypoperfusion and compromised
physiological stability. Self-actualization needs (will updates, discharge planning,
spiritual connection) are higher-level needs and are addressed after physiological
and safety needs are met.
Correct Answer: B
Q4. A nurse evaluates a patient's progress toward goals and finds that the patient
has not met the expected outcome of maintaining intact skin integrity. What is the
nurse's next appropriate action?
A. Terminate the care plan immediately
B. Reassess the patient and revise the care plan
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C. Document that the goal was achieved
D. Assign the patient to unlicensed assistive personnel
Rationale: Evaluation is the final step of ADPIE. If outcomes are not met, the nurse
must reassess the situation, identify barriers, and revise the care plan accordingly.
Terminating the plan or falsely documenting achievement violates nursing standards.
Delegating to UAP does not address the underlying problem.
Correct Answer: B
Q5. A patient with diabetes is taught to perform blood glucose monitoring at home.
At the follow-up visit, the nurse asks the patient to demonstrate the procedure. This
is an example of which type of evaluation?
A. Outcome evaluation
B. Structure evaluation
C. Process evaluation
D. Formative evaluation
Rationale: Outcome evaluation measures whether the patient achieved the desired
result—in this case, the ability to independently perform blood glucose monitoring.
Structure evaluation assesses resources and settings. Process evaluation examines
how care was delivered. Formative evaluation occurs during the teaching process,
not after.
Correct Answer: A
Q6. A nurse is caring for four patients on a medical-surgical unit. Using critical
thinking and prioritization, which patient should the nurse assess first?
A. A patient with a new colostomy who needs discharge teaching
B. A patient with a fever of 38.2°C (100.8°F) who is alert and oriented
C. A patient with a respiratory rate of 28/min and SpO2 of 88% on room air
D. A patient requesting a PRN analgesic for a pain level of 6/10
NSG 3180 UNIT 1 FUNDAMENTALS EXAM 2026/2027 |
Galen College of Nursing Validation | Pass Guaranteed -
A+ Graded
Section 1: Nursing Process & Critical Thinking (Questions 1–12)
Q1. A nurse is caring for a patient admitted with dehydration. During the initial
assessment, the nurse documents that the patient has dry mucous membranes,
decreased skin turgor, and reports thirst. Which step of the nursing process is the
nurse performing?
A. Diagnosis
B. Planning
C. Assessment
D. Implementation
Rationale: Assessment involves collecting subjective and objective data about the
patient's condition. Dry mucous membranes and decreased skin turgor are objective
data; thirst is subjective data. This is the first step of ADPIE. Diagnosis involves
analyzing data to identify problems, planning involves setting goals, and
implementation involves carrying out interventions.
Correct Answer: C
Q2. A nursing student is developing a care plan for a patient with impaired mobility.
The student writes: "Patient will ambulate 50 feet with a walker by discharge." This
statement represents which component of the nursing process?
A. Nursing diagnosis
B. Expected outcome
,2
C. Nursing intervention
D. Evaluation criterion
Rationale: This is a measurable, time-specific expected outcome written during the
planning phase. A nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment about a patient's response
to a health condition. A nursing intervention is an action taken by the nurse.
Evaluation criterion would measure whether the outcome was met, not the outcome
itself.
Correct Answer: B
Q3. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which patient should the nurse
prioritize seeing first?
A. A patient requesting assistance with updating their will
B. A patient with a blood pressure of 82/48 mmHg and dizziness
C. A patient who wants to discuss discharge planning with family
D. A patient asking for help connecting with a spiritual advisor
Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy prioritizes physiological needs first. A blood pressure
of 82/48 mmHg with dizziness indicates potential hypoperfusion and compromised
physiological stability. Self-actualization needs (will updates, discharge planning,
spiritual connection) are higher-level needs and are addressed after physiological
and safety needs are met.
Correct Answer: B
Q4. A nurse evaluates a patient's progress toward goals and finds that the patient
has not met the expected outcome of maintaining intact skin integrity. What is the
nurse's next appropriate action?
A. Terminate the care plan immediately
B. Reassess the patient and revise the care plan
, 3
C. Document that the goal was achieved
D. Assign the patient to unlicensed assistive personnel
Rationale: Evaluation is the final step of ADPIE. If outcomes are not met, the nurse
must reassess the situation, identify barriers, and revise the care plan accordingly.
Terminating the plan or falsely documenting achievement violates nursing standards.
Delegating to UAP does not address the underlying problem.
Correct Answer: B
Q5. A patient with diabetes is taught to perform blood glucose monitoring at home.
At the follow-up visit, the nurse asks the patient to demonstrate the procedure. This
is an example of which type of evaluation?
A. Outcome evaluation
B. Structure evaluation
C. Process evaluation
D. Formative evaluation
Rationale: Outcome evaluation measures whether the patient achieved the desired
result—in this case, the ability to independently perform blood glucose monitoring.
Structure evaluation assesses resources and settings. Process evaluation examines
how care was delivered. Formative evaluation occurs during the teaching process,
not after.
Correct Answer: A
Q6. A nurse is caring for four patients on a medical-surgical unit. Using critical
thinking and prioritization, which patient should the nurse assess first?
A. A patient with a new colostomy who needs discharge teaching
B. A patient with a fever of 38.2°C (100.8°F) who is alert and oriented
C. A patient with a respiratory rate of 28/min and SpO2 of 88% on room air
D. A patient requesting a PRN analgesic for a pain level of 6/10
