TExES Life Science 7-12 Certification Exam
Questions with Expert Solutions
Quantitative observations - Answer Observations that can be measured
Number, length, mass, volume, etc
Qualitative observations - Answer Observations that cannot be measured
Color, shape, texture, etc
Hypothesis - Answer A testable proposition that scientists can use as the basis for an investigation
If it cannot be tested scientifically, then it is not a hypothesis
Propose an explanation of observed natural phenomenon
Mathematical biology - Answer Rooted in multifaceted mathematical models inspired by complex
biological processes
Theoretical biology - Answer Develops and uses data from the mathematical models to develop
theoretical assessments of biological processes
What is the first law of thermodynamics state? - Answer That energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it
can only be transferred
How are scientific laws distinguished from facts? - Answer By their durability (or ability to stay constant
over time)
Facts are the observations themselves, they are never considered final proof
Scientific laws are a generalized description of natural phenomena over time based on multiple
observations
Cell theory - Answer States that all living things are made up of cells
Cells can only come from other cells
Robert Hooke used a microscope to identify, describe, and name cells
,Germ theory - Answer Microorganisms, "germs", were found everywhere and contributed to both food
spoilage and disease
Work of Louis Pasteur
Confirmed the cell theory that cells only come from other cells
What are the driving forces of evolution? - Answer Descent with modification and natural selection
Work of Charles Darwin
Structure of genetic material: - Answer Hershey and Chase - initially confirmed that DNA comprises the
genetic material of cells
Watson and Crick - revealed that the structure of DNA is a double helix (based off the work of Franklin)
Carl Linnaeus - Answer Developed the hierarchal system
Grouped species into seven levels (kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species)
Carl Woese - Answer Modified Linnaeus' hierarchal system
Redrew the taxonomic tree, added "domain" to the top of the classification system
Precision - Answer Refers to how close repeated values are to one another
(On a target, all the holes are right next to each other)
Accuracy - Answer Refers to how close a measured value is to the true value
(On a target, all of the holes are within the same ring)
What are the seven SI units? - Answer Meter, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, candela, and mole
What are significant figures? - Answer The non zero numbers, the zeros between them, and the final
zero
, Linear scale - Answer Shows equal values using equal divisions
Waves or mechanical motion
Logarithmic scale - Answer Nonlinear , units are written in powers of 10
Richter scale, entropy, and the decibel unit used to measure sound
Crucibles - Answer When heating things at very high temperatures, this is the best thing to use because
they are resistant to the high temperatures
What composes the nucleus of an atom? - Answer Protons - positively charged
Neutrons - neutrally charged
Electrons - Answer Negatively charged particles within the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus
Atomic number - Answer Refers to the number of protons in the nucleus
Mass number - Answer Refers to the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
Ionic bond - Answer Forms when one atom DONATES an electron to another atom
Cation - Answer Positively charged
Loses its electron - donates it
Anion - Answer Negatively charged
Gains an electron - accepts it
Covalent bond - Answer Stronger of the two main chemical bonds
Form when two atoms SHARE electrons
Questions with Expert Solutions
Quantitative observations - Answer Observations that can be measured
Number, length, mass, volume, etc
Qualitative observations - Answer Observations that cannot be measured
Color, shape, texture, etc
Hypothesis - Answer A testable proposition that scientists can use as the basis for an investigation
If it cannot be tested scientifically, then it is not a hypothesis
Propose an explanation of observed natural phenomenon
Mathematical biology - Answer Rooted in multifaceted mathematical models inspired by complex
biological processes
Theoretical biology - Answer Develops and uses data from the mathematical models to develop
theoretical assessments of biological processes
What is the first law of thermodynamics state? - Answer That energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it
can only be transferred
How are scientific laws distinguished from facts? - Answer By their durability (or ability to stay constant
over time)
Facts are the observations themselves, they are never considered final proof
Scientific laws are a generalized description of natural phenomena over time based on multiple
observations
Cell theory - Answer States that all living things are made up of cells
Cells can only come from other cells
Robert Hooke used a microscope to identify, describe, and name cells
,Germ theory - Answer Microorganisms, "germs", were found everywhere and contributed to both food
spoilage and disease
Work of Louis Pasteur
Confirmed the cell theory that cells only come from other cells
What are the driving forces of evolution? - Answer Descent with modification and natural selection
Work of Charles Darwin
Structure of genetic material: - Answer Hershey and Chase - initially confirmed that DNA comprises the
genetic material of cells
Watson and Crick - revealed that the structure of DNA is a double helix (based off the work of Franklin)
Carl Linnaeus - Answer Developed the hierarchal system
Grouped species into seven levels (kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species)
Carl Woese - Answer Modified Linnaeus' hierarchal system
Redrew the taxonomic tree, added "domain" to the top of the classification system
Precision - Answer Refers to how close repeated values are to one another
(On a target, all the holes are right next to each other)
Accuracy - Answer Refers to how close a measured value is to the true value
(On a target, all of the holes are within the same ring)
What are the seven SI units? - Answer Meter, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, candela, and mole
What are significant figures? - Answer The non zero numbers, the zeros between them, and the final
zero
, Linear scale - Answer Shows equal values using equal divisions
Waves or mechanical motion
Logarithmic scale - Answer Nonlinear , units are written in powers of 10
Richter scale, entropy, and the decibel unit used to measure sound
Crucibles - Answer When heating things at very high temperatures, this is the best thing to use because
they are resistant to the high temperatures
What composes the nucleus of an atom? - Answer Protons - positively charged
Neutrons - neutrally charged
Electrons - Answer Negatively charged particles within the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus
Atomic number - Answer Refers to the number of protons in the nucleus
Mass number - Answer Refers to the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
Ionic bond - Answer Forms when one atom DONATES an electron to another atom
Cation - Answer Positively charged
Loses its electron - donates it
Anion - Answer Negatively charged
Gains an electron - accepts it
Covalent bond - Answer Stronger of the two main chemical bonds
Form when two atoms SHARE electrons
