lOMoARcPSD|64026470
Chapter 01: Nursing Today
Potter et al.: Fundamentals of Nursing, 10th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
a. Florence Nightingale
b. Mary Nutting
c. Clara Barton
d. Lillian Wald
ANS: A
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor sanitation with cholera and
dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her
own way. Mary Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the American Red
Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of nursing practice is the nurse
following?
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes. During
assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the
registered nurse analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the registered nurse
implements (carries out) the identified plan.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Planning
MSC: Management of Care
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is the nurse upon initial transition
to the obstetrical floor?
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner
ANS: A
A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of experience (e.g., an experienced
operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a
patient’s clinical situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple
previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organization and specific care required by the type of
patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing
care and establish long-range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced beginner. This
experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Evaluation
MSC: Management of Care
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids. The nurse then encourages the
patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse demonstrating?
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent nursing interventions without
medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United States, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN®. Beyond the NCLEX-RN®,
the nurse may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability means that you are
responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing care provided.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
MSC: Management of Care
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5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse implementing?
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B
A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and has personnel, policy, and
budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As an educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe
the reason for routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and
evaluate the patient’s progress in learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and legal rights and provide
assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease
and symptoms, and attain a maximal level function and independence through the healing process.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
MSC: Management of Care
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice nurse. However, the nurse has a strong
desire to pursue research and theory development. To fulfill this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc)
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD)
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP)
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN)
ANS: B
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and award the research-oriented Doctor
of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs in nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research
findings to clinical nursing. The DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practitioners.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurses Association. Which type of education did
the nurse receive?
a. Graduate education
b. Inservice education
c. Continuing education
d. Registered nurse education
ANS: C
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, hospitals, state nurses associations,
professional nursing organizations, and educational and health care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing,
you can pursue graduate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields, including nursing.
Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health care facility or institution. Registered nurse education
is the education preparation for an individual intending to be an RN.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care
8. A nurse identifies gaps between local and best practices. Which Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competency is
the nurse demonstrating?
a. Safety
b. Patient-centered care
c. Quality improvement
d. Teamwork and collaboration
ANS: C
Quality improvement identifies gaps between local and best practices. Safety minimizes risk of harm to patients and providers
through both system effectiveness and individual performance. Patient-centered care recognizes the patient or designee as the
source of control and full partner in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for patient’s preferences,
values, and needs. Teamwork and collaboration allows effective functioning within nursing and interprofessional teams, fostering
open communication, mutual respect, and shared decision making.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Evaluation
MSC: Management of Care
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Chapter 01: Nursing Today
Potter et al.: Fundamentals of Nursing, 10th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
a. Florence Nightingale
b. Mary Nutting
c. Clara Barton
d. Lillian Wald
ANS: A
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor sanitation with cholera and
dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her
own way. Mary Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the American Red
Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of nursing practice is the nurse
following?
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes. During
assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the
registered nurse analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the registered nurse
implements (carries out) the identified plan.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Planning
MSC: Management of Care
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is the nurse upon initial transition
to the obstetrical floor?
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner
ANS: A
A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of experience (e.g., an experienced
operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a
patient’s clinical situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple
previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organization and specific care required by the type of
patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing
care and establish long-range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced beginner. This
experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Evaluation
MSC: Management of Care
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids. The nurse then encourages the
patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse demonstrating?
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent nursing interventions without
medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United States, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN®. Beyond the NCLEX-RN®,
the nurse may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability means that you are
responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing care provided.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
MSC: Management of Care
Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1
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, lOMoARcPSD|64026470
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse implementing?
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B
A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and has personnel, policy, and
budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As an educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe
the reason for routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and
evaluate the patient’s progress in learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and legal rights and provide
assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease
and symptoms, and attain a maximal level function and independence through the healing process.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
MSC: Management of Care
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice nurse. However, the nurse has a strong
desire to pursue research and theory development. To fulfill this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc)
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD)
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP)
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN)
ANS: B
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and award the research-oriented Doctor
of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs in nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research
findings to clinical nursing. The DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practitioners.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurses Association. Which type of education did
the nurse receive?
a. Graduate education
b. Inservice education
c. Continuing education
d. Registered nurse education
ANS: C
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, hospitals, state nurses associations,
professional nursing organizations, and educational and health care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing,
you can pursue graduate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields, including nursing.
Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health care facility or institution. Registered nurse education
is the education preparation for an individual intending to be an RN.
DIF: Apply (application)
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care
8. A nurse identifies gaps between local and best practices. Which Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competency is
the nurse demonstrating?
a. Safety
b. Patient-centered care
c. Quality improvement
d. Teamwork and collaboration
ANS: C
Quality improvement identifies gaps between local and best practices. Safety minimizes risk of harm to patients and providers
through both system effectiveness and individual performance. Patient-centered care recognizes the patient or designee as the
source of control and full partner in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for patient’s preferences,
values, and needs. Teamwork and collaboration allows effective functioning within nursing and interprofessional teams, fostering
open communication, mutual respect, and shared decision making.
DIF: Understand (comprehension)
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Evaluation
MSC: Management of Care
Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2
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