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,Alcohol
R-OH
Ether
R-O-R
Epoxide
Ketone RCOR
aldehyde RCOH
carboxylic acid COOH
Resonance Patterns Pattern 1: Pi bond, single bond, C+
Pattern 2: lone pair, single bond, pi bond
Pattern 3: lone pair, single bond, C+: draw all resonance structures:
Pattern 4: 'conjugated' pi bonds within a ring
Pattern 5: sigma bond roadblock: you cannot resonate into a carbon that only has
sigma bonds
, Pattern 1: Pi bond, single bond, C+
Pattern 2: lone pair, single bond, pi bond
Pattern 3: lone pair, single bond, C+
Most Representative Resonance Structure Rules 1.The most important resonance structure has the greatest number of filled octets
2.Resonance structures with the negative charge on the more electronegative
atom is more significant
3.Besides the above, all other resonance structures are equivalent
Carbon prefixes 1-meth
2-eth
3-prop
4-but
5-pent
6-hex
7-hept
8-oct
9-non
10-dec
Types of acid and bases
acid-base reaction When an acid and base mix together, neutralize one another's properties, and
form a salt.