Study Guide Exam I - Human Biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_byyxdv
1. Biology is the life
study of
2. dorsal cavity includes the cranial and spinal cavities.
3. Distal Farther from the trunk of the body
4. lateral/frontal the plane that divides the body from front to back
plane
5. Medial Toward the midline of the body
6. Proximal Nearer to the trunk of the body
7. Homeostasis process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
despite changes to the external environment
8. atomic number the number of protons in an atom
9. mass number number of protons plus the number of neutrons in an atom of an element
(atomic mass)
10. Isotope Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons (different
atomic mass)
11. Electrolytes Electrically charged salts that are primarily involved with extracellular water.
(ions)
12. Enzymes proteins that act as biological catalysts
13. How do enzymes speed up reactions by lowering activation energy
work?
14. active transport the movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy
, Study Guide Exam I - Human Biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_byyxdv
15. passive transport the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy
by the cell
16. Diffusion the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration
17. Osmosis passive transport of water
18. Cell The basic unit of structure and function in living things
19. Apoptosis programmed cell death
20. Cytokinesis division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells during cell division
21. plasma mem- The semipermeable membrane between the contents and either the cell wall or
brane the cell's surroundings.
22. Proton A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of
an atom
23. What are the two DNA and RNA
types of nucleic
acids?
24. What are the 1. Store genetic information
functions of nu- 2. Conduct chemical reactions
cleic acids?
25. Parts of a nu- 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
cleotide
26. What are the ni- Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
trogenous bases
for DNA?
, Study Guide Exam I - Human Biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_byyxdv
27. What are the ni- Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine
trogenous bases
for RNA?
28. What is the pair- Adenine - Thymine
ing for nitroge-
nous bases in Guanine - Cytosine
DNA?
29. What is the pair- Adenine - Uracil
ing for nitroge-
nous bases in Guanine - Cytosine
RNA?
30. Carbohydrate el- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
ements
31. Carbohydrate monosaccharide (glucose)
monomer
32. carbohydrate glycogen
polymer
33. examples of car- bread, pasta, vegetables, fruit
bohydrates
34. Carbohydrates Immediate energy
function
Stored energy
35. Lipid elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
36. Lipid monomer glycerol and fatty acids
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_byyxdv
1. Biology is the life
study of
2. dorsal cavity includes the cranial and spinal cavities.
3. Distal Farther from the trunk of the body
4. lateral/frontal the plane that divides the body from front to back
plane
5. Medial Toward the midline of the body
6. Proximal Nearer to the trunk of the body
7. Homeostasis process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
despite changes to the external environment
8. atomic number the number of protons in an atom
9. mass number number of protons plus the number of neutrons in an atom of an element
(atomic mass)
10. Isotope Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons (different
atomic mass)
11. Electrolytes Electrically charged salts that are primarily involved with extracellular water.
(ions)
12. Enzymes proteins that act as biological catalysts
13. How do enzymes speed up reactions by lowering activation energy
work?
14. active transport the movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy
, Study Guide Exam I - Human Biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_byyxdv
15. passive transport the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy
by the cell
16. Diffusion the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration
17. Osmosis passive transport of water
18. Cell The basic unit of structure and function in living things
19. Apoptosis programmed cell death
20. Cytokinesis division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells during cell division
21. plasma mem- The semipermeable membrane between the contents and either the cell wall or
brane the cell's surroundings.
22. Proton A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of
an atom
23. What are the two DNA and RNA
types of nucleic
acids?
24. What are the 1. Store genetic information
functions of nu- 2. Conduct chemical reactions
cleic acids?
25. Parts of a nu- 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
cleotide
26. What are the ni- Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
trogenous bases
for DNA?
, Study Guide Exam I - Human Biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_byyxdv
27. What are the ni- Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine
trogenous bases
for RNA?
28. What is the pair- Adenine - Thymine
ing for nitroge-
nous bases in Guanine - Cytosine
DNA?
29. What is the pair- Adenine - Uracil
ing for nitroge-
nous bases in Guanine - Cytosine
RNA?
30. Carbohydrate el- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
ements
31. Carbohydrate monosaccharide (glucose)
monomer
32. carbohydrate glycogen
polymer
33. examples of car- bread, pasta, vegetables, fruit
bohydrates
34. Carbohydrates Immediate energy
function
Stored energy
35. Lipid elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
36. Lipid monomer glycerol and fatty acids
