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• Urinary Incontinence. CORRECT ANSWER: Inability to control
urination, leading to leakage.
• Urge Incontinence. CORRECT ANSWER: Leakage preceded by urgency;
uninhibited bladder contractions.
• Stress Incontinence. CORRECT ANSWER: Leakage during effort,
sneezing, or coughing due to sphincter issues.
• Mixed Incontinence. CORRECT ANSWER: Combination of urge and
stress incontinence symptoms.
• Nonspecific Incontinence. CORRECT ANSWER: General term for
various urinary incontinence types.
• Diabetes. CORRECT ANSWER: Predisposing factor for urge
incontinence.
• Musculoskeletal Disease. CORRECT ANSWER: Can contribute to urge
incontinence.
,• CVA (Cerebrovascular Accident). CORRECT ANSWER: Risk factor for
urge incontinence.
• Dementia. CORRECT ANSWER: Associated with urge incontinence.
• Multiple Sclerosis (MS). CORRECT ANSWER: May cause urge
incontinence.
• Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus. CORRECT ANSWER: Linked to urge
incontinence.
• Parkinson's Disease. CORRECT ANSWER: Can lead to urge
incontinence.
• Spinal Cord Injury. CORRECT ANSWER: Risk factor for urge
incontinence.
• Spinal Stenosis. CORRECT ANSWER: Associated with urge
incontinence.
• Pulmonary Disease. CORRECT ANSWER: Predisposing factor for stress
incontinence.
, • Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists. CORRECT ANSWER: Medications causing
outlet obstruction in men.
• Alpha-Adrenergic Blockers. CORRECT ANSWER: Medications causing
stress leakage in women.
• ACE Inhibitors. CORRECT ANSWER: Lisinopril can worsen stress
incontinence.
• Anticholinergics. CORRECT ANSWER: Medications impairing bladder
emptying and causing retention.
• Antipsychotics. CORRECT ANSWER: Risperidone may cause urinary
retention.
• CCBs (Calcium Channel Blockers). CORRECT ANSWER: Diltiazem can
impair detrusor contractility.
• Cholinesterase Inhibitors. CORRECT ANSWER: Aricept linked to
urinary incontinence.
• Estrogen. CORRECT ANSWER: Worsens stress and mixed incontinence
in women.