MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) | Practice Tests & Exam Revision
Study Guide 2026
Which one of the following statements relating to acute aortic dissection is NOT correct ? -
✔✔1. The aneurysm may be associated with connective tissue disorders
2. Cardiac tamponade may be a consequence.
3. Chest X-ray may be helpful in the diagnosis
4. Renal failure may be a complication
5. Gangrene of the toes is commonly seen.
Answer - ✔✔Unlikely to show up on plain xray
A 68 year old woman presents to the Emergency Department with chest pain followed by
sudden collapse with loss of consciousness. She has a rapid weak pulse. Her ECG shows a
regular wide complex tachycardia. Which one of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis? -
✔✔1. ventricular tachycardia
2. supraventricular tachycardia
3. ventricular fibrillation
4. atrial fibrillation
5. atrial flutter
Answer - ✔✔All the rhythms listed are generally rapid in rate. The regularity of the rhythm
rules out Atrial fibrillation. In general and without aberrant conduction, atrial fibrillation, flutter
and supraventricular tachycardia all have narrow QRS complexes. Patients in ventricular
fibrillation are generally unconscious and pulseless. Therefore the most likely diagnosis is
ventricular tachycardia.
Correct answer is ventricular tachycardia
,Which one of the following statements related to control of blood pressure and hypertension is
NOT correct? - ✔✔1. In established hypertension there is usually increased cardiac output.
2. Conn's syndrome is due to excessive adrenal section of aldosterone.
3. Most people with Mendelian inherited hypertension have defects in sodium metabolism.
4. Most people with Conn's syndrome have sodium and water retention.
5. Renal disease is the most common form of secondary hypertension.
Answer - ✔✔1. Incorrect. In established hypertension, the pathophysiology is usually
associated with increase vascular resistance rather than increased CO.
Which one of the following would be consistent with a Glasgow Coma Score of 9? - ✔✔1. The
patient opens their eyes spontaneously, but has no verbal or motor response
2. The patient has no eye opening, no verbal response and no motor response.
3. The patient opens their eyes only to pain, mutters "I'm home" and withdraws to pain
bilaterally.
4. The patient opens their eyes to voice, is confused but obeys motor commands.
5. The patient opens their eyes to pain, groans and has an extensor motor response.
Answer - ✔✔3. E2, M4, V3 = 9. One may dispute that "I'm home" represents confused speech
rather than inappropriate words, but it is still the only one that even comes close.
In the management of anaphylaxis, after oxygen which one of the following is the first
treatment? - ✔✔1. adrenaline
2. fluid replacement
3. antihistamines
4. steroids
5. skin prick testing
, Answer - ✔✔1. adrenaline - All other options are appropriate, but the first line treatment of
anaphylaxis is adrenaline
Which one of the following statements about radiotherapy is MOST correct? - ✔✔1.
Radiotherapy can not be given together with chemotherapy.
2. Patients receiving radiotherapy should avoid close contact with others because they are
radioactive.
3. Radiotherapy commonly involves the use of high energy protons.
4. Radiotherapy can cause a skin reaction due to a mechanism similar to that of sunburn.
5. After radiotherapy it is usually not possible to perform surgery in that area.
Answer - ✔✔4. Radiotherapy can cause a skin reaction due to a mechanism similar to that of
sunburn. - Correct
Which one of the following combinations best describes the clinical features of hypercapnia? -
✔✔1. hypotension, pallor, sweating
2. tremor, bounding pulse, sweating
3. central cyanosis, agitation, tremor
4. drowsiness, tachycardia, sweet-smelling breath
5. confusion, agitation, tachypnoea
Answer - ✔✔2. tremor, bounding pulse, sweating - A bounding pulse is a characteristic feature
of hypercapnia, with peripheral vasodilatation, sweating and tremor and therefore best
describes this disorder. Confusion, central cyanosis, tachycardia, agitation, drowsiness and
tachypnoea are all variably described in varying degrees of hypercarbia, but are less specific.
Following a motor car accident, a young woman lying in the Emergency Department begins to
complain of left shoulder tip pain. On examination, she has a pulse of 110/min and a systolic
blood pressure of 100 mmHg. Your biggest concern would be that this clinical picture most likely
represents - ✔✔Select one:
Study Guide 2026
Which one of the following statements relating to acute aortic dissection is NOT correct ? -
✔✔1. The aneurysm may be associated with connective tissue disorders
2. Cardiac tamponade may be a consequence.
3. Chest X-ray may be helpful in the diagnosis
4. Renal failure may be a complication
5. Gangrene of the toes is commonly seen.
Answer - ✔✔Unlikely to show up on plain xray
A 68 year old woman presents to the Emergency Department with chest pain followed by
sudden collapse with loss of consciousness. She has a rapid weak pulse. Her ECG shows a
regular wide complex tachycardia. Which one of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis? -
✔✔1. ventricular tachycardia
2. supraventricular tachycardia
3. ventricular fibrillation
4. atrial fibrillation
5. atrial flutter
Answer - ✔✔All the rhythms listed are generally rapid in rate. The regularity of the rhythm
rules out Atrial fibrillation. In general and without aberrant conduction, atrial fibrillation, flutter
and supraventricular tachycardia all have narrow QRS complexes. Patients in ventricular
fibrillation are generally unconscious and pulseless. Therefore the most likely diagnosis is
ventricular tachycardia.
Correct answer is ventricular tachycardia
,Which one of the following statements related to control of blood pressure and hypertension is
NOT correct? - ✔✔1. In established hypertension there is usually increased cardiac output.
2. Conn's syndrome is due to excessive adrenal section of aldosterone.
3. Most people with Mendelian inherited hypertension have defects in sodium metabolism.
4. Most people with Conn's syndrome have sodium and water retention.
5. Renal disease is the most common form of secondary hypertension.
Answer - ✔✔1. Incorrect. In established hypertension, the pathophysiology is usually
associated with increase vascular resistance rather than increased CO.
Which one of the following would be consistent with a Glasgow Coma Score of 9? - ✔✔1. The
patient opens their eyes spontaneously, but has no verbal or motor response
2. The patient has no eye opening, no verbal response and no motor response.
3. The patient opens their eyes only to pain, mutters "I'm home" and withdraws to pain
bilaterally.
4. The patient opens their eyes to voice, is confused but obeys motor commands.
5. The patient opens their eyes to pain, groans and has an extensor motor response.
Answer - ✔✔3. E2, M4, V3 = 9. One may dispute that "I'm home" represents confused speech
rather than inappropriate words, but it is still the only one that even comes close.
In the management of anaphylaxis, after oxygen which one of the following is the first
treatment? - ✔✔1. adrenaline
2. fluid replacement
3. antihistamines
4. steroids
5. skin prick testing
, Answer - ✔✔1. adrenaline - All other options are appropriate, but the first line treatment of
anaphylaxis is adrenaline
Which one of the following statements about radiotherapy is MOST correct? - ✔✔1.
Radiotherapy can not be given together with chemotherapy.
2. Patients receiving radiotherapy should avoid close contact with others because they are
radioactive.
3. Radiotherapy commonly involves the use of high energy protons.
4. Radiotherapy can cause a skin reaction due to a mechanism similar to that of sunburn.
5. After radiotherapy it is usually not possible to perform surgery in that area.
Answer - ✔✔4. Radiotherapy can cause a skin reaction due to a mechanism similar to that of
sunburn. - Correct
Which one of the following combinations best describes the clinical features of hypercapnia? -
✔✔1. hypotension, pallor, sweating
2. tremor, bounding pulse, sweating
3. central cyanosis, agitation, tremor
4. drowsiness, tachycardia, sweet-smelling breath
5. confusion, agitation, tachypnoea
Answer - ✔✔2. tremor, bounding pulse, sweating - A bounding pulse is a characteristic feature
of hypercapnia, with peripheral vasodilatation, sweating and tremor and therefore best
describes this disorder. Confusion, central cyanosis, tachycardia, agitation, drowsiness and
tachypnoea are all variably described in varying degrees of hypercarbia, but are less specific.
Following a motor car accident, a young woman lying in the Emergency Department begins to
complain of left shoulder tip pain. On examination, she has a pulse of 110/min and a systolic
blood pressure of 100 mmHg. Your biggest concern would be that this clinical picture most likely
represents - ✔✔Select one:
