Operating Systems Essentials
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,operating system - Answer: system software that acts as a "go-
between", allowing computer hardware and other software to
communicate with each other
What is the purpose of a computer operating system? - Answer: It
functions as a resource manager.
Which kind of software are Mac OS X and Windows 10 programs? -
Answer: Operating system (OS)
Which operating system allows for its source code to be modified and
redistributed? - Answer: Android is an open-source mobile operating
system; therefore, source code is available, and anyone can modify and
redistribute it.
Cloud-based operating systems - Answer: primarily manages the
operation of one or more virtual machines within a virtualized
environment.
What is a feature of cloud-based operating systems? - Answer: They
are primarily stateless.
,System calls - Answer: unique set of services provided by operating
systems for use by applications and have to be accounted for by
different operating systems.
Application Programming Interface (API) - Answer: A set of software
routines that allows one software system to work with another.
Why do applications designed to work on one operating system not
work on a different operating system? - Answer: Unique system calls
single‐user systems - Answer: multitasking systems, found in laptops
and workstations
mobile device operating systems - Answer: provides single-user and
multitasking at a scaled-down level due to power and memory
limitations
Basic resources OS organizes before users can give a computer
instructions: - Answer: 1. Processor
2. Storage
3. Devices
4. Input/Output
, 5.Memory
Mainframe Systems - Answer: large, fast, and powerful, used for high
transaction processing and complex computations; used by
corporations and government agencies
network server systems - Answer: designed and named for a specific
purpose such as database servers, web servers, and print servers
real‐time systems - Answer: designed to direct CPU access immediately
when needed or required
Embedded control systems - Answer: specialized operating systems
designed to control a single piece of equipment or machinery
distributed systems - Answer: geared toward allocating process power,
programs, files, and databases to network users
Application Software - Answer: software program that helps you use
the computer to do particular tasks