BIO 105 EXAM 3 MOCK TEST WITH ANSWER
RATIONALES 2026
◉ analogous structures?
Answer: have similar functions but do not have a common
developmental pathway
◉ what do organisms that do not share the same evolutionary
lineage but have similar adaptations result from?
Answer: convergent evolution
◉ vestigial structure?
Answer: a structure that has no apparent function in 1 species yet is
homologous to a functional organ in another species
◉ what does a molecular clock do?
Answer: uses differences in DNA to determine when organisms
diverged from a common ancestor
◉ common ancestry can be identified by:
Answer: nucleotide and amino acid sequence similarities
homologous structures
,◉ how can homologous genes be identified in different organisms?
Answer: locating a gene in one organism and then comparing it to
known genes in databases
◉ differences and similarities in the DNA or protein of organisms is
________ evidence that can reveal evolutionary relationships
Answer: molecular
◉ what has made the comparison of a few bases, one gene, or
families of genes possible?
Answer: DNA sequencing
◉ analyses of the protein _______ can be used to study evolutionary
relationships among species because most organisms produce this
protein for the electron transport chain in mitochondria
Answer: cytochrome c
◉ what places fossils into a sequence of events without assigning a
specific age?
Answer: relative dating
◉ what involves assigning a specific age to a fossil by testing either
the fossil or the sediments above and below it
, Answer: absolute dating
◉ fossil?
Answer: any evidence of past life that is more than 10,000 years old
◉ the forms of evidence scientists use to support the theory of
evolution:
Answer: bio geographical studies
molecular data
embryological comparisons
fossils
◉ anatomical structures, fossils, and molecular data all provide
evidence of?
Answer: evolution
◉ examples of vestigial structures:
Answer: human embryo tails
hindlimb bones in snakes
◉ the wings of a bird and the wings of a butterfly are considered
________ structures
RATIONALES 2026
◉ analogous structures?
Answer: have similar functions but do not have a common
developmental pathway
◉ what do organisms that do not share the same evolutionary
lineage but have similar adaptations result from?
Answer: convergent evolution
◉ vestigial structure?
Answer: a structure that has no apparent function in 1 species yet is
homologous to a functional organ in another species
◉ what does a molecular clock do?
Answer: uses differences in DNA to determine when organisms
diverged from a common ancestor
◉ common ancestry can be identified by:
Answer: nucleotide and amino acid sequence similarities
homologous structures
,◉ how can homologous genes be identified in different organisms?
Answer: locating a gene in one organism and then comparing it to
known genes in databases
◉ differences and similarities in the DNA or protein of organisms is
________ evidence that can reveal evolutionary relationships
Answer: molecular
◉ what has made the comparison of a few bases, one gene, or
families of genes possible?
Answer: DNA sequencing
◉ analyses of the protein _______ can be used to study evolutionary
relationships among species because most organisms produce this
protein for the electron transport chain in mitochondria
Answer: cytochrome c
◉ what places fossils into a sequence of events without assigning a
specific age?
Answer: relative dating
◉ what involves assigning a specific age to a fossil by testing either
the fossil or the sediments above and below it
, Answer: absolute dating
◉ fossil?
Answer: any evidence of past life that is more than 10,000 years old
◉ the forms of evidence scientists use to support the theory of
evolution:
Answer: bio geographical studies
molecular data
embryological comparisons
fossils
◉ anatomical structures, fossils, and molecular data all provide
evidence of?
Answer: evolution
◉ examples of vestigial structures:
Answer: human embryo tails
hindlimb bones in snakes
◉ the wings of a bird and the wings of a butterfly are considered
________ structures
