Human Physiology - Chapter 14
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1. Arteries are most accurately defined as blood vessels Carry blood away from the
that ______. heart.
2. Calcium ions are removed from the sarcoplasm of the Sodium-calcium exchang-
cardiac cell by the action of the sarcoplasmic reticulum er on the sarcolemma
(SR) Ca2+ -ATPase pump and which other mechanism?
3. The net pressure gradient in the cardiovascular sys- Heart contraction.
tem is created by ____.
4. Heart valves open and close in response to ______. Pressure changes in heart
chambers.
5. Changes in the radius of ______ has the most impact Arterioles.
on resistance to blood flow, because radius can be
changed quickly and precisely.
6. Which part of the conduction system initiates the SA node (spontaneous-
depolarizing impulse, which spreads throughout the ly depolarize, causing the
heart? wave of depolarization
that spreads through the
rest of the conduction sys-
tem and heart.
7. What does the QRS complex represent in the ECG Ventricular depolarization
wave tracing? ( the QRS complex rep-
resents depolarization in
the ventricles, which have
greater mass than the
atria.)
8. Contraction of the atria results from which wave of P wave ( P wave repre-
depolarization on the ECG tracing? sents atrial depolarization,
, Human Physiology - Chapter 14
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jnsogi
which leads to atrial con-
traction. )
9. Which part of the intrinsic conduction system delays AV node ( AV node slows
the impulse briefly before it moves on to the ventri- down the impulse giving
cles? the atria time to contract
before the ventricles con-
tract. )
10. What does the ECG wave tracing represent? Electrical activity in the
heart ( ECG waves show
the depolarization and
re-polarization in various
areas of the heart )
11. The heart is actually (one, two, or three) pumps? Two pumps ( right side of
the heart pumps to/from
the lungs [pulmonary cir-
cuit] and the left side of
the heart pumps to/from
the rest of the body [the
systemic circuit])
12. Which chamber receives blood from the superior and Right atrium ( right atri-
inferior vena cavae? um receives unoxygenat-
ed blood from the sys-
temic circuit )
13. Which heart chamber pumps unoxygenated blood Right ventricle ( the right
out the pulmonary trunk? ventricle pumps unoxy-
genated blood out the
pulmonary trunk to the
lungs. )
, Human Physiology - Chapter 14
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jnsogi
14. Which heart chamber receives blood from the pul- Left atrium (the left atri-
monary veins? um receives oxygenated
blood from the pulmonary
veins. )
15. Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood out the aor- Left ventricle ( the left ven-
ta to the systemic circuit? tricle pumps oxygenated
blood out the aorta to the
entire body [systemic cir-
cuit])
16. Which of the following would increase cardiac output Increase heart rate and
to the greatest extent? increased stroke volume
(cardiac output = heart
rate x stroke volume)
17. Which of the following would increase heart rate? Epinephrine and norepi-
nephrine ( secreted by the
adrenal medulla as a re-
sult sympathetic stimula-
tion, these hormones act
as part of the sympa-
thetic response, increas-
ing heart rate. )
18. How would an increase in the sympathetic nervous Increased contractility (
system increase stroke volume? and increase in sympa-
thetic nervous system ac-
tivity would increase con-
tractility [by increasing
available calcium], thus
increasing stroke volume.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jnsogi
1. Arteries are most accurately defined as blood vessels Carry blood away from the
that ______. heart.
2. Calcium ions are removed from the sarcoplasm of the Sodium-calcium exchang-
cardiac cell by the action of the sarcoplasmic reticulum er on the sarcolemma
(SR) Ca2+ -ATPase pump and which other mechanism?
3. The net pressure gradient in the cardiovascular sys- Heart contraction.
tem is created by ____.
4. Heart valves open and close in response to ______. Pressure changes in heart
chambers.
5. Changes in the radius of ______ has the most impact Arterioles.
on resistance to blood flow, because radius can be
changed quickly and precisely.
6. Which part of the conduction system initiates the SA node (spontaneous-
depolarizing impulse, which spreads throughout the ly depolarize, causing the
heart? wave of depolarization
that spreads through the
rest of the conduction sys-
tem and heart.
7. What does the QRS complex represent in the ECG Ventricular depolarization
wave tracing? ( the QRS complex rep-
resents depolarization in
the ventricles, which have
greater mass than the
atria.)
8. Contraction of the atria results from which wave of P wave ( P wave repre-
depolarization on the ECG tracing? sents atrial depolarization,
, Human Physiology - Chapter 14
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jnsogi
which leads to atrial con-
traction. )
9. Which part of the intrinsic conduction system delays AV node ( AV node slows
the impulse briefly before it moves on to the ventri- down the impulse giving
cles? the atria time to contract
before the ventricles con-
tract. )
10. What does the ECG wave tracing represent? Electrical activity in the
heart ( ECG waves show
the depolarization and
re-polarization in various
areas of the heart )
11. The heart is actually (one, two, or three) pumps? Two pumps ( right side of
the heart pumps to/from
the lungs [pulmonary cir-
cuit] and the left side of
the heart pumps to/from
the rest of the body [the
systemic circuit])
12. Which chamber receives blood from the superior and Right atrium ( right atri-
inferior vena cavae? um receives unoxygenat-
ed blood from the sys-
temic circuit )
13. Which heart chamber pumps unoxygenated blood Right ventricle ( the right
out the pulmonary trunk? ventricle pumps unoxy-
genated blood out the
pulmonary trunk to the
lungs. )
, Human Physiology - Chapter 14
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jnsogi
14. Which heart chamber receives blood from the pul- Left atrium (the left atri-
monary veins? um receives oxygenated
blood from the pulmonary
veins. )
15. Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood out the aor- Left ventricle ( the left ven-
ta to the systemic circuit? tricle pumps oxygenated
blood out the aorta to the
entire body [systemic cir-
cuit])
16. Which of the following would increase cardiac output Increase heart rate and
to the greatest extent? increased stroke volume
(cardiac output = heart
rate x stroke volume)
17. Which of the following would increase heart rate? Epinephrine and norepi-
nephrine ( secreted by the
adrenal medulla as a re-
sult sympathetic stimula-
tion, these hormones act
as part of the sympa-
thetic response, increas-
ing heart rate. )
18. How would an increase in the sympathetic nervous Increased contractility (
system increase stroke volume? and increase in sympa-
thetic nervous system ac-
tivity would increase con-
tractility [by increasing
available calcium], thus
increasing stroke volume.
