NSG 3850, Patho 2 Exam 1 Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fpwyk9
1. Osmoreceptors located in the hypothalamus control the release of
a. angiotensin.
b. atrial natriuretic peptide.
c. aldosterone.
d. vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH).: d. vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH).
2. Decreased neuromuscular excitability is often the result of
a. hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia.
b. hypomagnesemia and hyperkalemia.
c. hypocalcemia and hypokalemia.
d. hypernatremia and hypomagnesemia.: a. Hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia
3. Which event is likely to lead to hyponatremia?
a. Insufficient ADH secretion
b. Excess aldosterone secretion
c. Administration of intravenous normal saline
d. Frequent nasogastric tube irrigation with water: d. Frequent nasogastric tube irrigation
with water
4. An increase in the resting membrane potential (hyperpolarized) is associat-
ed with
a. hypokalemia.
b. hyperkalemia.
c. hypocalcemia.
d. hypercalcemia.: a. hypokalemia
5. Abnormalities in intracellular regulation of enzyme activity and cellular pro-
duction of ATP are associated with
a. hyponatremia.
b. hypocalcemia.
c. hypophosphatemia.
d. hypokalemia.: C. Hypophosphatemia
, NSG 3850, Patho 2 Exam 1 Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fpwyk9
6. The fraction of total body water (TBW) volume contained in the intracellular
space in adult males is
a. three-fourths.
b. two-thirds.
c. one-half.
d. one-third.: b. two-thirds.
7. What age group has a larger volume of extracellular fluid than intracellular
fluid?
a. Infants
b. Adolescents
c. Young adults
d. Older adults: a. Infants
8. Clinical manifestations of severe symptomatic hypophosphatemia are
caused by
a. excess proteins.
b. renal damage.
c. deficiency of ATP.
d. hypocalcemia.: c. deficiency of ATP.
9. A person who overuses magnesium-aluminum antacids for a long period of
time is likely to develop
a. hypokalemia.
b. hyperkalemia.
c. hypophosphatemia.
d. hyperphosphatemia.: C. Hypophosphatemia
10. The electrolyte that has a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid
than in the intracellular fluid is - ions.
a. sodium
b. phosphate
, NSG 3850, Patho 2 Exam 1 Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fpwyk9
c. magnesium
d. potassium: a. sodium
11. A person who has hyperparathyroidism is likely to develop
a. hypokalemia.
b. hyperkalemia.
c. hypocalcemia.
d. hypercalcemia.: d. Hypercalcemia
12. The inward-pulling force of particles in the vascular fluid is called - pres-
sure.
a. capillary hydrostatic
b. interstitial osmotic
c. capillary osmotic
d. interstitial hydrostatic: c. capillary osmotic
13. How do clinical conditions that increase vascular permeability cause ede-
ma?
a. Through altering the negative charge on the capillary basement mem-
brane, which
enables excessive fluid to accumulate in the interstitial compartment
b. By causing movement of fluid from the vascular compartment into the
intracellular
compartment, which leads to cell swelling
c. Through leakage of vascular fluid into the interstitial fluid, which increases
interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure
d. By allowing plasma proteins to leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws
in
excess fluid by increasing the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure: d. By allowing plasma
proteins to leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws in
excess fluid by increasing the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure
14. Which alteration can lead to edema?
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fpwyk9
1. Osmoreceptors located in the hypothalamus control the release of
a. angiotensin.
b. atrial natriuretic peptide.
c. aldosterone.
d. vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH).: d. vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH).
2. Decreased neuromuscular excitability is often the result of
a. hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia.
b. hypomagnesemia and hyperkalemia.
c. hypocalcemia and hypokalemia.
d. hypernatremia and hypomagnesemia.: a. Hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia
3. Which event is likely to lead to hyponatremia?
a. Insufficient ADH secretion
b. Excess aldosterone secretion
c. Administration of intravenous normal saline
d. Frequent nasogastric tube irrigation with water: d. Frequent nasogastric tube irrigation
with water
4. An increase in the resting membrane potential (hyperpolarized) is associat-
ed with
a. hypokalemia.
b. hyperkalemia.
c. hypocalcemia.
d. hypercalcemia.: a. hypokalemia
5. Abnormalities in intracellular regulation of enzyme activity and cellular pro-
duction of ATP are associated with
a. hyponatremia.
b. hypocalcemia.
c. hypophosphatemia.
d. hypokalemia.: C. Hypophosphatemia
, NSG 3850, Patho 2 Exam 1 Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fpwyk9
6. The fraction of total body water (TBW) volume contained in the intracellular
space in adult males is
a. three-fourths.
b. two-thirds.
c. one-half.
d. one-third.: b. two-thirds.
7. What age group has a larger volume of extracellular fluid than intracellular
fluid?
a. Infants
b. Adolescents
c. Young adults
d. Older adults: a. Infants
8. Clinical manifestations of severe symptomatic hypophosphatemia are
caused by
a. excess proteins.
b. renal damage.
c. deficiency of ATP.
d. hypocalcemia.: c. deficiency of ATP.
9. A person who overuses magnesium-aluminum antacids for a long period of
time is likely to develop
a. hypokalemia.
b. hyperkalemia.
c. hypophosphatemia.
d. hyperphosphatemia.: C. Hypophosphatemia
10. The electrolyte that has a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid
than in the intracellular fluid is - ions.
a. sodium
b. phosphate
, NSG 3850, Patho 2 Exam 1 Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fpwyk9
c. magnesium
d. potassium: a. sodium
11. A person who has hyperparathyroidism is likely to develop
a. hypokalemia.
b. hyperkalemia.
c. hypocalcemia.
d. hypercalcemia.: d. Hypercalcemia
12. The inward-pulling force of particles in the vascular fluid is called - pres-
sure.
a. capillary hydrostatic
b. interstitial osmotic
c. capillary osmotic
d. interstitial hydrostatic: c. capillary osmotic
13. How do clinical conditions that increase vascular permeability cause ede-
ma?
a. Through altering the negative charge on the capillary basement mem-
brane, which
enables excessive fluid to accumulate in the interstitial compartment
b. By causing movement of fluid from the vascular compartment into the
intracellular
compartment, which leads to cell swelling
c. Through leakage of vascular fluid into the interstitial fluid, which increases
interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure
d. By allowing plasma proteins to leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws
in
excess fluid by increasing the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure: d. By allowing plasma
proteins to leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws in
excess fluid by increasing the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure
14. Which alteration can lead to edema?
