FISDAP EMT Medical Exam: Comprehensive
Study Guide & Practice Questions for EMT
Students, Certification Prep, and Clinical
Success
Ateriovenus shunt - answer-Artificial device allows an artery to flow to a vein without moving
through capillaries.
Complications of renal dialysis - answer-Hypotension, muscle cramps, nausea and vomiting,
hemorrhage from the access site, and infection at the access site.
What does insulin do - answer-When you eat, insulin is secreted from the pancreas. Insulin
opens up the cell for sugar.
Hypoglycemia - answer-Lack of sugar in the blood. Can be deadly.
Treatment for low blood sugar - answer-Oral glucose.
Hyperglycemia (Diabetes) - answer-An excess amount of sugar in the blood. Too little insulin
makes cells unable to absorb glucose. Cell switch from normal metabolism to abnormal
metabolism. It begins to breakdown fat. It begins to create Ketone in the body. Ketone is very
acidic. And patient will have a fruity smell to their breath.
Treatment for Hyperglycemia - answer-Rapidly transport to the hospital.
1
, Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) Pathophysiology - answer-Causes Kussmaul Respirations (Rapid,
Deep breaths) Increased blood sugar, fruity smelling breath.
Acidosis - answer-The accumulation of acids in the body
High Blood Sugar long term effects - answer-Blindness, Neuropathy(Nerve Damage),
Necrosis(tissue death), Lose Limbs, Kidney Problems Commonly silent MIs
Hypoglycemic Crisis Blood Sugar level - answer-Blood sugar Below 40
Hypoglycemia blood sugar level - answer-Blood sugar 40-80
Normal Blood Sugar - answer-Blood sugar 80-120
Hyperglycemia blood sugar level - answer-Blood sugar 120-400
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNC) blood
sugar level - answer-Blood sugar 400-800
Hyperglycemic Crisis blood sugar level - answer-Blood sugar 800-up
Hyperglycemia Signs & Symptoms - answer-Kussmaul respirations (rapid, deep respirations),
Dehydration, as indications of dry warm skin "tenting". Sunken eyes. A sweet or fruity odor or
the breath, caused by Ketones. A rapid, weak pulse (tready) A normal or slightly low blood
pressure. Varying degrees of unresponsiveness. Weakness, nausea, and vomiting. Polyuria
(excessive urination), Polydipsia (excessive thirst), Polyphagia (excessive eating) Restlessness,
possibly progressing to coma; abnormally slurred speech; unsteady gait(movement).
2
Study Guide & Practice Questions for EMT
Students, Certification Prep, and Clinical
Success
Ateriovenus shunt - answer-Artificial device allows an artery to flow to a vein without moving
through capillaries.
Complications of renal dialysis - answer-Hypotension, muscle cramps, nausea and vomiting,
hemorrhage from the access site, and infection at the access site.
What does insulin do - answer-When you eat, insulin is secreted from the pancreas. Insulin
opens up the cell for sugar.
Hypoglycemia - answer-Lack of sugar in the blood. Can be deadly.
Treatment for low blood sugar - answer-Oral glucose.
Hyperglycemia (Diabetes) - answer-An excess amount of sugar in the blood. Too little insulin
makes cells unable to absorb glucose. Cell switch from normal metabolism to abnormal
metabolism. It begins to breakdown fat. It begins to create Ketone in the body. Ketone is very
acidic. And patient will have a fruity smell to their breath.
Treatment for Hyperglycemia - answer-Rapidly transport to the hospital.
1
, Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) Pathophysiology - answer-Causes Kussmaul Respirations (Rapid,
Deep breaths) Increased blood sugar, fruity smelling breath.
Acidosis - answer-The accumulation of acids in the body
High Blood Sugar long term effects - answer-Blindness, Neuropathy(Nerve Damage),
Necrosis(tissue death), Lose Limbs, Kidney Problems Commonly silent MIs
Hypoglycemic Crisis Blood Sugar level - answer-Blood sugar Below 40
Hypoglycemia blood sugar level - answer-Blood sugar 40-80
Normal Blood Sugar - answer-Blood sugar 80-120
Hyperglycemia blood sugar level - answer-Blood sugar 120-400
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNC) blood
sugar level - answer-Blood sugar 400-800
Hyperglycemic Crisis blood sugar level - answer-Blood sugar 800-up
Hyperglycemia Signs & Symptoms - answer-Kussmaul respirations (rapid, deep respirations),
Dehydration, as indications of dry warm skin "tenting". Sunken eyes. A sweet or fruity odor or
the breath, caused by Ketones. A rapid, weak pulse (tready) A normal or slightly low blood
pressure. Varying degrees of unresponsiveness. Weakness, nausea, and vomiting. Polyuria
(excessive urination), Polydipsia (excessive thirst), Polyphagia (excessive eating) Restlessness,
possibly progressing to coma; abnormally slurred speech; unsteady gait(movement).
2
