AP Exam: Treatment and IQ Unit UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Biopsychosocial approach the process of using two or more perspectives to explain behavior or mental
processes
BIO: biological and evolutionary
PSYCHO: cognitive, behavioral, humanistic, psychodynamic
SOCIAL: sociocultural
Example: studying "altruism" from each of the seven perspectives instead of just
one
important ideas for therapy 1. Meta-analysis studies of psychotherapy conclude that psychotherapies are
generally effective
2. Psychologists use evidence-based interventions to develop treatment plans
3. Therapists should exhibit cultural humility
4. Therapists should establish a therapeutic alliance with the client to deliver
therapy successfully
5. De-institutionalization - therapists prefer to treat in "decentralized" ways often
with a combination of medication and psychological therapies
,Regression Toward the Mean The tendency for extreme or unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their
average
Example - after a bad first half a team's performance returns to normal during the
second half
Mental health example: people suffering from major depressive disorder often go
back to their normal happy selves over time, even without therapy
This can be applied to therapy, because often, without therapy, many people
over time return to normal - THIS makes it difficult to figure out if therapy is
actually effective (it is though)
Meta-Analysis THIS is a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different
research studies
The combined research shows that while those not undergoing therapy often do
improve, but those undergoing therapy are more likely to improve more quickly
and with less risk of relapse
80% of untreated people have poorer outcomes than the average treated person
THIS COMBINED RESEARCH PROVES THAT THERAPY IS EFFECTIVE
cultural humility Therapists should enter a relationship with the client with the intention of honoring
their beliefs, customs, and values
The very essence of THIS is the counselor's willingness to be humble in the
process.
therapeutic alliance The relationship between the therapist and client—an important element of
successful psychotherapy. A bond of trust and mutual understanding between a
therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the client's
problem
, eclectic approach an approach to psychotherapy that uses more than one psychological
perspective - depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various
forms of therapy
Could use any mix of the possible types of therapy
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVE
therapy ethics Ethical Principles for Treatment
1. Nonmaleficence - avoid harming clients
2. Fidelity and responsibility - delivering treatment in the way it was intended
3. Integrity - being honest and keeping promises to build trust with the client
4. Respect for client's rights and dignity
5. Confidentiality
therapy ethics vs experimental ethics Don't confuse experimental ethics (which we did at the beginning of the year) and
therapy ethics
Experimental:
Informed consent/assent, Debriefing, Confidentiality or Anonymity, IRB,
Protection from Harm
Therapy:
Nonmaleficence, Fidelity and Responsibility, Integrity, Respect, Confidentiality
behavior therapy Applied behavior analysis (behavior therapy) involves applying principles of
conditioning to address mental disorders and developmental disabilities
therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors
Includes:
Exposure therapy and systematic desensitization
Aversion therapies
Token economies
Biofeedback
Un-learning phobias (reversing the Little Albert experience)
ANSWERS
Biopsychosocial approach the process of using two or more perspectives to explain behavior or mental
processes
BIO: biological and evolutionary
PSYCHO: cognitive, behavioral, humanistic, psychodynamic
SOCIAL: sociocultural
Example: studying "altruism" from each of the seven perspectives instead of just
one
important ideas for therapy 1. Meta-analysis studies of psychotherapy conclude that psychotherapies are
generally effective
2. Psychologists use evidence-based interventions to develop treatment plans
3. Therapists should exhibit cultural humility
4. Therapists should establish a therapeutic alliance with the client to deliver
therapy successfully
5. De-institutionalization - therapists prefer to treat in "decentralized" ways often
with a combination of medication and psychological therapies
,Regression Toward the Mean The tendency for extreme or unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their
average
Example - after a bad first half a team's performance returns to normal during the
second half
Mental health example: people suffering from major depressive disorder often go
back to their normal happy selves over time, even without therapy
This can be applied to therapy, because often, without therapy, many people
over time return to normal - THIS makes it difficult to figure out if therapy is
actually effective (it is though)
Meta-Analysis THIS is a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different
research studies
The combined research shows that while those not undergoing therapy often do
improve, but those undergoing therapy are more likely to improve more quickly
and with less risk of relapse
80% of untreated people have poorer outcomes than the average treated person
THIS COMBINED RESEARCH PROVES THAT THERAPY IS EFFECTIVE
cultural humility Therapists should enter a relationship with the client with the intention of honoring
their beliefs, customs, and values
The very essence of THIS is the counselor's willingness to be humble in the
process.
therapeutic alliance The relationship between the therapist and client—an important element of
successful psychotherapy. A bond of trust and mutual understanding between a
therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the client's
problem
, eclectic approach an approach to psychotherapy that uses more than one psychological
perspective - depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various
forms of therapy
Could use any mix of the possible types of therapy
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVE
therapy ethics Ethical Principles for Treatment
1. Nonmaleficence - avoid harming clients
2. Fidelity and responsibility - delivering treatment in the way it was intended
3. Integrity - being honest and keeping promises to build trust with the client
4. Respect for client's rights and dignity
5. Confidentiality
therapy ethics vs experimental ethics Don't confuse experimental ethics (which we did at the beginning of the year) and
therapy ethics
Experimental:
Informed consent/assent, Debriefing, Confidentiality or Anonymity, IRB,
Protection from Harm
Therapy:
Nonmaleficence, Fidelity and Responsibility, Integrity, Respect, Confidentiality
behavior therapy Applied behavior analysis (behavior therapy) involves applying principles of
conditioning to address mental disorders and developmental disabilities
therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors
Includes:
Exposure therapy and systematic desensitization
Aversion therapies
Token economies
Biofeedback
Un-learning phobias (reversing the Little Albert experience)
