AP Computer Science Principles Exam Prep ACTUAL UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Innovation a novel or improved idea, device, product, etc. or the development thereof
Prototype A preliminary sketch of an idea or model for something new. It's the original
drawing from which something real might be built or created.
Binary A way of representing information using only two options.
Bandwidth maximum transmission capacity of the device expressed typically in metric
multiples of bits per second
Bit Rate The numbers of Bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. EX: 8bits/per
second.
Latency the amount of time it takes for a bit to travel from sender to receiver
Protocol A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.
American Standard Code for Information Interchange The universally recognized raw text format for characters that any computer can
(ASCII) understand.
Code Written instructions for a computer.
Requests for Comments (RFC) Documents are how standards and protocols are defined and published for all to
see on the IETF website.
Internet a tangible physical system that is made to move information
IP Address A number assigned to any item that is connected to the internet.
Packets small chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of
information for the purpose of transmitting through a network
Router A computer which receives messages travelling across a network and redirects
them towards their intended destinations based on the addressing information
included with the messages.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on
the internet. TCP is tightly linked with IP and is usually seen as TCP/IP in writing.
, Domain named system (DNS) The internet's system for converting alphabetic names into numeric IP addresses.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Is the protocol used by the world wide web. It describes how messages are
formatted and interchanged, and how web servers respond to commands.
Abstractions Reducing information and detail to focus on essential characteristics.
Server A computer that awaits and responds to requests for data.
Client A computer that requests data stored on a computer.
HTTPS a protocol for secure communication over a computer network which is widely
used on the Internet.
Digital Certificate an electronic document used to prove ownership of a public key.
DDoS pertaining to or being an incident in which a network of computers floods an
online resource with high levels of unwanted traffic so that it is inaccessible to
legitimate service requests
HTTP Request When you type a URL in your browser, your computer (the client) needs to "ask"
the server that is storing the data and images for the web page to return its
contents so your browser can display it.
HTTP Response When a server receives an HTTP request it will respond with a message of its own.
Once again, the response will be sent entirely in ASCII-text and must be correctly
formatted.
Electricity, light and radio waves 3 ways we send information
Fiber optic cable a thread of glass engineered to reflect light
URL an easy-to-remember address for calling a web page (like www.code.org)
Net Neutrality the principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally by Internet Service
Providers
Byte 8 bits
Heuristic a problem solving approach (algorithm) to find a satisfactory solution where
finding an optimal or exact solution is impractical or impossible
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Innovation a novel or improved idea, device, product, etc. or the development thereof
Prototype A preliminary sketch of an idea or model for something new. It's the original
drawing from which something real might be built or created.
Binary A way of representing information using only two options.
Bandwidth maximum transmission capacity of the device expressed typically in metric
multiples of bits per second
Bit Rate The numbers of Bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. EX: 8bits/per
second.
Latency the amount of time it takes for a bit to travel from sender to receiver
Protocol A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.
American Standard Code for Information Interchange The universally recognized raw text format for characters that any computer can
(ASCII) understand.
Code Written instructions for a computer.
Requests for Comments (RFC) Documents are how standards and protocols are defined and published for all to
see on the IETF website.
Internet a tangible physical system that is made to move information
IP Address A number assigned to any item that is connected to the internet.
Packets small chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of
information for the purpose of transmitting through a network
Router A computer which receives messages travelling across a network and redirects
them towards their intended destinations based on the addressing information
included with the messages.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on
the internet. TCP is tightly linked with IP and is usually seen as TCP/IP in writing.
, Domain named system (DNS) The internet's system for converting alphabetic names into numeric IP addresses.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Is the protocol used by the world wide web. It describes how messages are
formatted and interchanged, and how web servers respond to commands.
Abstractions Reducing information and detail to focus on essential characteristics.
Server A computer that awaits and responds to requests for data.
Client A computer that requests data stored on a computer.
HTTPS a protocol for secure communication over a computer network which is widely
used on the Internet.
Digital Certificate an electronic document used to prove ownership of a public key.
DDoS pertaining to or being an incident in which a network of computers floods an
online resource with high levels of unwanted traffic so that it is inaccessible to
legitimate service requests
HTTP Request When you type a URL in your browser, your computer (the client) needs to "ask"
the server that is storing the data and images for the web page to return its
contents so your browser can display it.
HTTP Response When a server receives an HTTP request it will respond with a message of its own.
Once again, the response will be sent entirely in ASCII-text and must be correctly
formatted.
Electricity, light and radio waves 3 ways we send information
Fiber optic cable a thread of glass engineered to reflect light
URL an easy-to-remember address for calling a web page (like www.code.org)
Net Neutrality the principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally by Internet Service
Providers
Byte 8 bits
Heuristic a problem solving approach (algorithm) to find a satisfactory solution where
finding an optimal or exact solution is impractical or impossible
