Textbook Exam 2 Bookwork
Chapter 6 Tour of a Cell
6.2 Eukaryotic Cells Have Internal Membranes That Compartmentalize
their Functions.
Which cell types contain mitochondria? Animal cells or Plant cells or Both (Figure 6.8, 100-101)
Animal cells
Which cell types contain chloroplasts? Animal cells or Plant cells or Both (Figure 6.8, 100-101)
Plant cells
Which cell types contain cell walls? Animal cells or Plant cells or Both (Figure 6.8, 100-101)
Plant cells
6.5 Mitochondria and chloroplasts change energy from one form to
another
Chloroplasts and mitochondria resemble bacteria. These features support the ___________________________
Theory for their origin. (109-110)
-Endosymbiont theory
Which organelle is found in most eukaryotic cells (including plant cells) and contains a convoluted inner
membrane with built in ATP synthesis enzymes? (110)
-Ribosomes
Which eukaryotic organelle contain chlorophyll and the enzymes necessary for the photosynthetic production of
sugar? (110)
-Chloroplasts are necessary.
6.7 Extracellular components
What does the plant cell wall “prevent”? (118)
-It prevents excessive uptake of water.
Chapter 7 Membrane Structure and Function
7.1 Cellular Membranes are Fluid Mosaics of Lipids and Proteins
Which part of the membrane is hydrophilic and exposed to water? (127) head or tail
The head
Which part of the membrane is hydrophobic and sheltered from water? (127) head or tail
-The tail
7.2 Membrane Structure Results in Selective Permeability
Can hydrophobic (nonpolar) molecules like hydrocarbons, CO 2 and O2 cross the membrane easily? (132)
-Yes, they can.
What part of the membrane slows the passage of polar molecules and ions? (132)
-The lipid bilayer slows the passage.
Why does the aquaporin protein speed up (facilitate) the diffusion of water across the membrane? (132)
7.3 Passive Transport
When substances diffuse down their concentration gradient, do they move from higher to lower concentration
or from lower to higher concentration? (133)
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, -Higher to lower
During osmosis, diffusion of _____ occurs across a membrane. (134)
-Water
Is a dilute, watery solution hypotonic or hypertonic? (134)
-hypotonic
What happens to cells in a hypotonic solution? (134)
-The water enters the cell and then the cells swell until they burst.
What happens to cells in a hypertonic solution? (134)
-The cells lose water, shrivel, and then die.
If water is diffusing in and out of a cell at the same rate, what kind of solution is it in? (134)
-Isotonic solution
7.4 Active transport uses energy to move solutes against their gradients
During active transport, are solutes moving from lower to higher OR higher to lower concentrations? (136)
Lower to higher
The hydrolysis (breakdown) of which molecule fuels active transport? (137)
-ATP hydrolysis supplies the energy
Chapter 8 An Introduction to Metabolism
8.1 An organism’s metabolism transforms matter and energy subject to
the laws of thermodynamics.
Is the synthesis of a molecule (like a protein from amino acids) a catabolic pathway or anabolic pathway? (144)
-Anabolic pathway
Is the breakdown of molecules part of your catabolism or anabolism? (144)
-Catabolic pathway
Are light and the movement of objects considered potential or kinetic energy? (144)
-Kinetic energy
Is chemical energy stored in a molecule like glucose considered potential or kinetic? (144)
P-otential
Which law is this (1st or 2nd)? “Energy can only be transferred.” (not created or destroyed) (145)
-1st law
What do all energy transformations increase according to the 2 nd law? (146)
-Each energy transfer or transformation increases the entrophy.
8.2 The free-energy change of reaction tell us whether or not the reaction
occurs spontaneously
Do the products or the reactants have MORE energy in an exergonic reaction? (148-9)
reactants
Does an endergonic reaction release or absorb energy? (149)
-Absorbs the energy
8.3 ATP powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions to
endergonic reactions
In energy coupling, an exergonic process drives an _____________________________________ (150)
-Endergonic
The hydrolysis (breakdown) of which molecule fuels most endergonic processes in a cell? (151)
-ATP
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Chapter 6 Tour of a Cell
6.2 Eukaryotic Cells Have Internal Membranes That Compartmentalize
their Functions.
Which cell types contain mitochondria? Animal cells or Plant cells or Both (Figure 6.8, 100-101)
Animal cells
Which cell types contain chloroplasts? Animal cells or Plant cells or Both (Figure 6.8, 100-101)
Plant cells
Which cell types contain cell walls? Animal cells or Plant cells or Both (Figure 6.8, 100-101)
Plant cells
6.5 Mitochondria and chloroplasts change energy from one form to
another
Chloroplasts and mitochondria resemble bacteria. These features support the ___________________________
Theory for their origin. (109-110)
-Endosymbiont theory
Which organelle is found in most eukaryotic cells (including plant cells) and contains a convoluted inner
membrane with built in ATP synthesis enzymes? (110)
-Ribosomes
Which eukaryotic organelle contain chlorophyll and the enzymes necessary for the photosynthetic production of
sugar? (110)
-Chloroplasts are necessary.
6.7 Extracellular components
What does the plant cell wall “prevent”? (118)
-It prevents excessive uptake of water.
Chapter 7 Membrane Structure and Function
7.1 Cellular Membranes are Fluid Mosaics of Lipids and Proteins
Which part of the membrane is hydrophilic and exposed to water? (127) head or tail
The head
Which part of the membrane is hydrophobic and sheltered from water? (127) head or tail
-The tail
7.2 Membrane Structure Results in Selective Permeability
Can hydrophobic (nonpolar) molecules like hydrocarbons, CO 2 and O2 cross the membrane easily? (132)
-Yes, they can.
What part of the membrane slows the passage of polar molecules and ions? (132)
-The lipid bilayer slows the passage.
Why does the aquaporin protein speed up (facilitate) the diffusion of water across the membrane? (132)
7.3 Passive Transport
When substances diffuse down their concentration gradient, do they move from higher to lower concentration
or from lower to higher concentration? (133)
Page 1 of 5
, -Higher to lower
During osmosis, diffusion of _____ occurs across a membrane. (134)
-Water
Is a dilute, watery solution hypotonic or hypertonic? (134)
-hypotonic
What happens to cells in a hypotonic solution? (134)
-The water enters the cell and then the cells swell until they burst.
What happens to cells in a hypertonic solution? (134)
-The cells lose water, shrivel, and then die.
If water is diffusing in and out of a cell at the same rate, what kind of solution is it in? (134)
-Isotonic solution
7.4 Active transport uses energy to move solutes against their gradients
During active transport, are solutes moving from lower to higher OR higher to lower concentrations? (136)
Lower to higher
The hydrolysis (breakdown) of which molecule fuels active transport? (137)
-ATP hydrolysis supplies the energy
Chapter 8 An Introduction to Metabolism
8.1 An organism’s metabolism transforms matter and energy subject to
the laws of thermodynamics.
Is the synthesis of a molecule (like a protein from amino acids) a catabolic pathway or anabolic pathway? (144)
-Anabolic pathway
Is the breakdown of molecules part of your catabolism or anabolism? (144)
-Catabolic pathway
Are light and the movement of objects considered potential or kinetic energy? (144)
-Kinetic energy
Is chemical energy stored in a molecule like glucose considered potential or kinetic? (144)
P-otential
Which law is this (1st or 2nd)? “Energy can only be transferred.” (not created or destroyed) (145)
-1st law
What do all energy transformations increase according to the 2 nd law? (146)
-Each energy transfer or transformation increases the entrophy.
8.2 The free-energy change of reaction tell us whether or not the reaction
occurs spontaneously
Do the products or the reactants have MORE energy in an exergonic reaction? (148-9)
reactants
Does an endergonic reaction release or absorb energy? (149)
-Absorbs the energy
8.3 ATP powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions to
endergonic reactions
In energy coupling, an exergonic process drives an _____________________________________ (150)
-Endergonic
The hydrolysis (breakdown) of which molecule fuels most endergonic processes in a cell? (151)
-ATP
Page 2 of 5
