MCPHS ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Exam 1
Question and Answer 2026 | Complete Study
Guide | A+ Verified
• Anatomy. CORRECT ANSWER: study of structure; means to dissect
• Physiology. CORRECT ANSWER: study of function
• Importance of studying A&P. CORRECT ANSWER: basis for understanding disease
and for how the body works/reacts to stiumulus
• systemic anatomy. CORRECT ANSWER: study of body systems
• regional anatomy. CORRECT ANSWER: study of body regions (how med schools do
it)
• surface anatomy. CORRECT ANSWER: study of external features (ex: bone
projections)
• anatomical imaging. CORRECT ANSWER: uses x-rays, ultrasounds, MRIs, CAT
scans
• Structural Level: chemical. CORRECT ANSWER: smallest level
ex) atoms: smallest level that displays properties
• Structural level; cell. CORRECT ANSWER: basic unit of life
ex) organelles w/ specialized functions for the cell
• Structural level: tissue. CORRECT ANSWER: group of cells with similar structure and
function plus extracellular substance
ex) epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
• Structural level: organ. CORRECT ANSWER: 2 or more tissue types
ex) skin, heart, stomach, etc
• Structural level: organ system. CORRECT ANSWER: groups of organs
• Structural level: organism. CORRECT ANSWER: all structural levels working together
• Structural level hierarchy. CORRECT ANSWER: chemical > cell > tissue > organ >
organ system > organism
• Integumentary system. CORRECT ANSWER: Protection, maintain H20 content
, • Skeletal system. CORRECT ANSWER: protection, support, movement
• Muscular system. CORRECT ANSWER: movement, posture, heat
> cardiac, skeletal, smooth
• Lymphatic system. CORRECT ANSWER: AKA immune system
antibodies, lymph
• Respiratory system. CORRECT ANSWER: gas exchange
ventilate: bring air in/out
respiration: feed cells O2
• Digestive system. CORRECT ANSWER: take in nutrients, metabolize food
• Nervous system. CORRECT ANSWER: chief regulator
brain, spinal cord, nerves
Control other systems
• Endocrine system. CORRECT ANSWER: regulator of body
hormones/proteins/glands
• Cardiovasular system. CORRECT ANSWER: transport
heart, vein (to heart), artery (away from heart)
• Urinary system. CORRECT ANSWER: removes waste; kidneys
• Characteristics of life. CORRECT ANSWER: 1) organization: structural
levels/coordination
2) metabolism: ability to use energy (dig/resp system); all chemical rxn in body
3) responsiveness (aka irritability): ability to sense changes in environment and make
adjustment (shiver in cold weather)
4) growth: increase in size (constant rebuild/remake bones)
5) development: changes in cell structure/function from generalized to specialized
6) reproduction: formation of new cells/new organisms
• Homeostasis. CORRECT ANSWER: - maintenance of constant internal environment
(ex: body temp, BP, HR, BR)
- Variables: conditions that change (ex: enviro temp)
• Set point. CORRECT ANSWER: ideal, normal value ( not the same for everyone)
- goes along with metabolism
- react to being off-balance
• Negative feedback. CORRECT ANSWER: mechanism that regulates homeostasis
negative meaning a deviation from set (ideal) point
- used most often
Question and Answer 2026 | Complete Study
Guide | A+ Verified
• Anatomy. CORRECT ANSWER: study of structure; means to dissect
• Physiology. CORRECT ANSWER: study of function
• Importance of studying A&P. CORRECT ANSWER: basis for understanding disease
and for how the body works/reacts to stiumulus
• systemic anatomy. CORRECT ANSWER: study of body systems
• regional anatomy. CORRECT ANSWER: study of body regions (how med schools do
it)
• surface anatomy. CORRECT ANSWER: study of external features (ex: bone
projections)
• anatomical imaging. CORRECT ANSWER: uses x-rays, ultrasounds, MRIs, CAT
scans
• Structural Level: chemical. CORRECT ANSWER: smallest level
ex) atoms: smallest level that displays properties
• Structural level; cell. CORRECT ANSWER: basic unit of life
ex) organelles w/ specialized functions for the cell
• Structural level: tissue. CORRECT ANSWER: group of cells with similar structure and
function plus extracellular substance
ex) epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
• Structural level: organ. CORRECT ANSWER: 2 or more tissue types
ex) skin, heart, stomach, etc
• Structural level: organ system. CORRECT ANSWER: groups of organs
• Structural level: organism. CORRECT ANSWER: all structural levels working together
• Structural level hierarchy. CORRECT ANSWER: chemical > cell > tissue > organ >
organ system > organism
• Integumentary system. CORRECT ANSWER: Protection, maintain H20 content
, • Skeletal system. CORRECT ANSWER: protection, support, movement
• Muscular system. CORRECT ANSWER: movement, posture, heat
> cardiac, skeletal, smooth
• Lymphatic system. CORRECT ANSWER: AKA immune system
antibodies, lymph
• Respiratory system. CORRECT ANSWER: gas exchange
ventilate: bring air in/out
respiration: feed cells O2
• Digestive system. CORRECT ANSWER: take in nutrients, metabolize food
• Nervous system. CORRECT ANSWER: chief regulator
brain, spinal cord, nerves
Control other systems
• Endocrine system. CORRECT ANSWER: regulator of body
hormones/proteins/glands
• Cardiovasular system. CORRECT ANSWER: transport
heart, vein (to heart), artery (away from heart)
• Urinary system. CORRECT ANSWER: removes waste; kidneys
• Characteristics of life. CORRECT ANSWER: 1) organization: structural
levels/coordination
2) metabolism: ability to use energy (dig/resp system); all chemical rxn in body
3) responsiveness (aka irritability): ability to sense changes in environment and make
adjustment (shiver in cold weather)
4) growth: increase in size (constant rebuild/remake bones)
5) development: changes in cell structure/function from generalized to specialized
6) reproduction: formation of new cells/new organisms
• Homeostasis. CORRECT ANSWER: - maintenance of constant internal environment
(ex: body temp, BP, HR, BR)
- Variables: conditions that change (ex: enviro temp)
• Set point. CORRECT ANSWER: ideal, normal value ( not the same for everyone)
- goes along with metabolism
- react to being off-balance
• Negative feedback. CORRECT ANSWER: mechanism that regulates homeostasis
negative meaning a deviation from set (ideal) point
- used most often
