NR 228: Nutrition, Health & Wellness | Final Exam — Version 2 |
2026/2027 Update |Chamberlain
1. A patient is admitted with a BMI of 27.5 kg/m2. How should the nurse
categorize this weight status according to CDC guidelines?
A. Overweight
B. Normal weight
C. Underweight
D. Obese
Answer: A
Rationale: A BMI between 25.0 and 29.9 is classified as overweight. 18.5-24.9 is normal,
and 30 or higher is obese.
2. Which of the following nutrients provides 9 kilocalories per gram?
A. Fats
B. Carbohydrates
C. Proteins
D. Alcohol
Answer: A
Rationale: Fats are the most energy-dense nutrient, providing 9 kcal/g. Carbohydrates and
proteins provide 4 kcal/g, and alcohol provides 7 kcal/g.
,3. A nurse is educating a pregnant client about neural tube defect prevention.
Which B vitamin should be emphasized?
A. Thiamin (B1)
B. Riboflavin (B2)
C. Folic Acid (B9)
D. Niacin (B3)
Answer: C
Rationale: Folic acid is essential for the synthesis of DNA and proper closure of the neural
tube in early pregnancy.
4. Which type of fiber is known for its ability to lower blood cholesterol levels?
A. Insoluble fiber
B. Lignin
C. Cellulose
D. Soluble fiber
Answer: D
Rationale: Soluble fiber binds to bile acids in the gut, which are made from cholesterol,
eventually lowering serum cholesterol levels.
5. What is the primary function of Vitamin K in the body?
A. Bone mineralization
B. Blood clotting
C. Antioxidant protection
D. Night vision
Answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin K is a cofactor for enzymes involved in the synthesis of several blood-
clotting factors, such as prothrombin.
, 6. A client on a vegan diet is at highest risk for deficiency in which of the
following nutrients?
A. Vitamin C
B. Potassium
C. Vitamin B12
D. Fiber
Answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin B12 is naturally found almost exclusively in animal products, making
vegans reliant on fortified foods or supplements.
7. Which organ is the primary site for the absorption of most nutrients?
A. Stomach
B. Small Intestine
C. Large Intestine
D. Esophagus
Answer: B
Rationale: The small intestine, with its villi and microvilli, provides a massive surface area
for the absorption of nutrients.
8. Which of the following is considered a complete protein source?
A. Lentils
B. Quinoa
C. Whole grain bread
D. Peanut butter
Answer: B
Rationale: Quinoa and soy are rare plant-based examples of complete proteins, containing
all nine essential amino acids.
2026/2027 Update |Chamberlain
1. A patient is admitted with a BMI of 27.5 kg/m2. How should the nurse
categorize this weight status according to CDC guidelines?
A. Overweight
B. Normal weight
C. Underweight
D. Obese
Answer: A
Rationale: A BMI between 25.0 and 29.9 is classified as overweight. 18.5-24.9 is normal,
and 30 or higher is obese.
2. Which of the following nutrients provides 9 kilocalories per gram?
A. Fats
B. Carbohydrates
C. Proteins
D. Alcohol
Answer: A
Rationale: Fats are the most energy-dense nutrient, providing 9 kcal/g. Carbohydrates and
proteins provide 4 kcal/g, and alcohol provides 7 kcal/g.
,3. A nurse is educating a pregnant client about neural tube defect prevention.
Which B vitamin should be emphasized?
A. Thiamin (B1)
B. Riboflavin (B2)
C. Folic Acid (B9)
D. Niacin (B3)
Answer: C
Rationale: Folic acid is essential for the synthesis of DNA and proper closure of the neural
tube in early pregnancy.
4. Which type of fiber is known for its ability to lower blood cholesterol levels?
A. Insoluble fiber
B. Lignin
C. Cellulose
D. Soluble fiber
Answer: D
Rationale: Soluble fiber binds to bile acids in the gut, which are made from cholesterol,
eventually lowering serum cholesterol levels.
5. What is the primary function of Vitamin K in the body?
A. Bone mineralization
B. Blood clotting
C. Antioxidant protection
D. Night vision
Answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin K is a cofactor for enzymes involved in the synthesis of several blood-
clotting factors, such as prothrombin.
, 6. A client on a vegan diet is at highest risk for deficiency in which of the
following nutrients?
A. Vitamin C
B. Potassium
C. Vitamin B12
D. Fiber
Answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin B12 is naturally found almost exclusively in animal products, making
vegans reliant on fortified foods or supplements.
7. Which organ is the primary site for the absorption of most nutrients?
A. Stomach
B. Small Intestine
C. Large Intestine
D. Esophagus
Answer: B
Rationale: The small intestine, with its villi and microvilli, provides a massive surface area
for the absorption of nutrients.
8. Which of the following is considered a complete protein source?
A. Lentils
B. Quinoa
C. Whole grain bread
D. Peanut butter
Answer: B
Rationale: Quinoa and soy are rare plant-based examples of complete proteins, containing
all nine essential amino acids.
