NR283 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

NR283 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICE
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

CELLULAR ADAPTATION & INJURY


1. A patient's skeletal muscle decreases in size after 6 weeks in a cast. This is an exam
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ple of: xz




A. Hyperplasia
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B. Hypertrophy
xz




C. Atrophy
xz




D. Metaplasia
xz




Answer: C. Atrophyxz xz




Rationale: Atrophy is a decrease in cell size due to disuse, denervation, or reduced workload.
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2. Which cellular adaptation is most likely to be precancerous?
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A. Hypertrophy
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B. Hyperplasia
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C. Dysplasia
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D. Atrophy
xz




Answer: C. Dysplasia
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Rationale: Dysplasia involves abnormal cellular growth and organization and may progress to mali
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gnancy.



3. Programmed cell death is known as:
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A. Necrosis
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B. Apoptosis
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C. Ischemia
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D. Infarction
xz




Answer: B. Apoptosis
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, Inflammation & Immunity xz xz




4. Which leukocyte is the first responder to bacterial infection?
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A. Basophil
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B. Lymphocyte
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C. Neutrophil
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D. Eosinophil
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Answer: C. Neutrophil
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5. Histamine release during inflammation causes:
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A. Vasoconstriction
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B. Vasodilation and increased permeability
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C. Decreased blood flow
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D. Platelet destruction
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Answer: B. Vasodilation and increased permeability
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6. Which hypersensitivity reaction causes anaphylaxis?
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A. Type I
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B. Type II
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C. Type III
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D. Type IV
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Answer: A. Type I
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7. Contact dermatitis is classified as:
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A. Type I
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B. Type II
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C. Type III
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D. Type IV
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Answer: D. Type IV
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