NUR 242 EXAM 7 | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | 100%
CORRECT
List the 3 major functions of the skin: - ANSWER>- reduce loss of water
- protect against abrasion and microorganisms
- provide a permeable barrier against the environment
What things diminish skin integrity? (6) - ANSWER>- dry/cracked skin
- adhesive tape
- some chemicals
- unintentional injury
- intentional breaks in the skin
- insect bites
skin tear - ANSWER>a break or rip in the outer layers of the skin
,the epidermis separates from the underlying tissues
mucous membranes - ANSWER>the membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body
examples: the linings of the mouth, nose, eyes, rectum, or genitals
How can the mucous membranes be damaged? - ANSWER>if it dries out, it can lead to cracking
can also be damaged by intentional or unintentional injury
cilia - ANSWER>short hair-like structures that help prevent particulates from entering the body
How does the GI act as a defense against infection? - ANSWER>it secretes acids and enzymes that can destroy or
neutralize some foreign invaders
nonspecific immunity - ANSWER>neutrophils and macrophages and their work as phagocytes
, both neutrophils and macrophages are released during the inflammatory response
phagocytes - ANSWER>eat and destroy microorganisms, thereby helping to protect the body from harm
specific immunity - ANSWER>refers to the work of antibodies (also called immunoglobulins) and lymphocytes
antibodies bind to infectious agents and call tot he white blood cells and complement to destroy them
inflammatory response - ANSWER>body's natural defense that is activated when the body is injured, when foreign
substances are present, or when an infectious agent attacks
List the basic steps of inflammation: - ANSWER>- pattern receptors on cell surface recognize harmful stimuli
- inflammatory pathways activated
- inflammatory markers released
- inflammatory cells recruited
List infectious inflammatory response triggers: - ANSWER>- viruses
ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | 100%
CORRECT
List the 3 major functions of the skin: - ANSWER>- reduce loss of water
- protect against abrasion and microorganisms
- provide a permeable barrier against the environment
What things diminish skin integrity? (6) - ANSWER>- dry/cracked skin
- adhesive tape
- some chemicals
- unintentional injury
- intentional breaks in the skin
- insect bites
skin tear - ANSWER>a break or rip in the outer layers of the skin
,the epidermis separates from the underlying tissues
mucous membranes - ANSWER>the membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body
examples: the linings of the mouth, nose, eyes, rectum, or genitals
How can the mucous membranes be damaged? - ANSWER>if it dries out, it can lead to cracking
can also be damaged by intentional or unintentional injury
cilia - ANSWER>short hair-like structures that help prevent particulates from entering the body
How does the GI act as a defense against infection? - ANSWER>it secretes acids and enzymes that can destroy or
neutralize some foreign invaders
nonspecific immunity - ANSWER>neutrophils and macrophages and their work as phagocytes
, both neutrophils and macrophages are released during the inflammatory response
phagocytes - ANSWER>eat and destroy microorganisms, thereby helping to protect the body from harm
specific immunity - ANSWER>refers to the work of antibodies (also called immunoglobulins) and lymphocytes
antibodies bind to infectious agents and call tot he white blood cells and complement to destroy them
inflammatory response - ANSWER>body's natural defense that is activated when the body is injured, when foreign
substances are present, or when an infectious agent attacks
List the basic steps of inflammation: - ANSWER>- pattern receptors on cell surface recognize harmful stimuli
- inflammatory pathways activated
- inflammatory markers released
- inflammatory cells recruited
List infectious inflammatory response triggers: - ANSWER>- viruses
