Chemistry 2026 | Practice
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Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
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, Gas A state of matter with no bonds
Plasma The state of matter with the highest energy; it uses ionization instead of bonds
Robert Boyle First to define an element; any substance is a substance unless it can be broken
down
John Dalton Used and combined previous ideas to discuss the atom; elements are made of
atoms; all atoms of an element are identical; atoms of different elements are
different; law of constant composition; atoms are invisible
Law of Constant Composition Atoms of one element can combine with other elements to form compounds; a
given compound always has the same relative numbers and types of atoms
J.J. Thomson Discovered electrons and protons and developed the plum pudding model of an
atom
Electrons The negatively charged particle in an atom; circles around the nucleus in the
electron cloud
Proton The positively charged particle in an atom; located in the nucleus; determine the
element
Neutron The neutral particle in an atom; it has no charge and is located in the nucleus
Plum Pudding Model A model of the atom that depicts a sphere of positive charge with electrons
scattered throughout
Ernest Rutherford Conducted an experiment in which he shot alpha particles at gold foil; roved
there was a small, dense nucleus with a positive charge and that protons are
positive
Metals Elements located on the left side of the periodic table that want to lose electrons