ONS ONCC CHEMOTHERAPY IMMUNOTHERAPY
LATEST COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Nitrosoureas - ✔✔-subgroup of alkylating agents
-able to cross the blood-brain barrier (effective in treating some brain tumors,
melanomas, lymphomas)
-Carmustine (BiCNU)
-Lomustine (CeeNu)
-Streptozocin (Zanosar)
-pulmonary monitoring recommended
✔✔Carboplatin (Paraplatin) - ✔✔-Alkylazing agent
-possibility for a hypersensitivity reaction which is rash, urticaria, erythema, pruritis,
rarely bronchospasm and hypotensision
-notify RN if itching, scratchy throat, difficulty breathing, rash
-Blood count, particularly platelets, monitored because thrombocytopenia is a dose-
limiting toxicity
-Oral dosage: 1-5mg/kg/day
✔✔Cisplatin (Planitol) - ✔✔-Alkylating agent
-nephrotoxic (IV hydration 2-3 L per day)
-severe N/V
-ovarian and testicular
, ✔✔Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxin) - ✔✔-Alkylating agent)
-hemorrhagic cystitis (dysuria, hematuria, hemorrhage)
-DC treatment if hemorrhagic cystitis
-adequate hydration
✔✔Oxaliplatin - ✔✔-Alkylating agent
-irritant and vesicant, extra caution with the IV site
-peripheral neuropathy is a dose-limiting side effect (exacerbated by cold temperatures)
-avoid cold drinks and foods, wearing gloves and warm shoes
-avoid breathing cold air
✔✔Intrathecal Chemotherapy - ✔✔-injects chemo directly into the subarachnoid space
so it reaches the CNS
-Often used to treat leukemia and lymphoma that has spread to the CNS since most IV
chemo does not cross the blood-brain barrier
-only MTX and cytarabine via this route
-IT hydrocortisone is often given at the same time to reduce inflammation
-MUST be preservative free to avoid CNS irritation
✔✔Chemotherapy-Induced N/V (CINV) Risk factors - ✔✔-younger
-have a hx of low or no alcohol consumption
-are female
-hx of morning sickness
-prone to motion sickness
-have had chemo previously
✔✔Types of CINV - ✔✔-Acute: occurring within 24 hours
-Delayed: from 24 hour - 5 days after
-Breakthrough: Occurring despite treatment
-Anticipatory: triggered by taste, odor, memories, visions, anxiety r/t chemo
LATEST COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Nitrosoureas - ✔✔-subgroup of alkylating agents
-able to cross the blood-brain barrier (effective in treating some brain tumors,
melanomas, lymphomas)
-Carmustine (BiCNU)
-Lomustine (CeeNu)
-Streptozocin (Zanosar)
-pulmonary monitoring recommended
✔✔Carboplatin (Paraplatin) - ✔✔-Alkylazing agent
-possibility for a hypersensitivity reaction which is rash, urticaria, erythema, pruritis,
rarely bronchospasm and hypotensision
-notify RN if itching, scratchy throat, difficulty breathing, rash
-Blood count, particularly platelets, monitored because thrombocytopenia is a dose-
limiting toxicity
-Oral dosage: 1-5mg/kg/day
✔✔Cisplatin (Planitol) - ✔✔-Alkylating agent
-nephrotoxic (IV hydration 2-3 L per day)
-severe N/V
-ovarian and testicular
, ✔✔Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxin) - ✔✔-Alkylating agent)
-hemorrhagic cystitis (dysuria, hematuria, hemorrhage)
-DC treatment if hemorrhagic cystitis
-adequate hydration
✔✔Oxaliplatin - ✔✔-Alkylating agent
-irritant and vesicant, extra caution with the IV site
-peripheral neuropathy is a dose-limiting side effect (exacerbated by cold temperatures)
-avoid cold drinks and foods, wearing gloves and warm shoes
-avoid breathing cold air
✔✔Intrathecal Chemotherapy - ✔✔-injects chemo directly into the subarachnoid space
so it reaches the CNS
-Often used to treat leukemia and lymphoma that has spread to the CNS since most IV
chemo does not cross the blood-brain barrier
-only MTX and cytarabine via this route
-IT hydrocortisone is often given at the same time to reduce inflammation
-MUST be preservative free to avoid CNS irritation
✔✔Chemotherapy-Induced N/V (CINV) Risk factors - ✔✔-younger
-have a hx of low or no alcohol consumption
-are female
-hx of morning sickness
-prone to motion sickness
-have had chemo previously
✔✔Types of CINV - ✔✔-Acute: occurring within 24 hours
-Delayed: from 24 hour - 5 days after
-Breakthrough: Occurring despite treatment
-Anticipatory: triggered by taste, odor, memories, visions, anxiety r/t chemo
