NR-442/NR442 Exam 1 V2 | Community
Health Nursing Q&A with Rationale |
Chamberlain University
1. A community health nurse is planning an educational program on lead poisoning for
families in an older urban neighborhood. Which level of prevention does this program
represent?
A. Secondary prevention
B. Primary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Quaternary prevention
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Primary prevention focuses on health promotion and the prevention
of the initial occurrence of a disease or injury. Educational programs designed to inform at-
risk populations about potential hazards like lead before they are affected fall under this
category. The goal is to modify the environment or behavior to ensure the disease never
occurs.
2. A nurse is conducting a windshield survey of a new community. Which of the following
observations should the nurse record as a component of the physical environment?
A. The presence of local health clinics
,B. The geographic boundaries of the neighborhood
C. The types of social services available
D. The condition and age of the housing
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: A windshield survey is an informal tool used by community health
nurses to assess the community’s physical environment. Observing the condition and age of
housing provides immediate data regarding the safety and economic status of the area. This
data is critical for identifying potential health risks such as lead paint or structural hazards.
3. An occupational health nurse is caring for a worker who was exposed to a chemical spill.
According to the epidemiological triad, the chemical spill represents which component?
A. The Host
B. The Environment
C. The Vector
D. The Agent
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: The epidemiological triad consists of the host, the agent, and the
environment. In this model, the agent is the factor whose presence or absence causes the
disease or injury, such as a chemical, virus, or physical force. Understanding the interaction
,between these three components helps nurses develop strategies for prevention and
control.
4. Which of the following activities is an example of secondary prevention in community
health nursing?
A. Screening a population for high blood pressure
B. Administering influenza vaccines at a senior center
C. Providing rehabilitation for a client after a stroke
D. Advocating for air quality legislation
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention to
stop the progression of a disease. Screening programs, such as blood pressure checks, allow
for the identification of asymptomatic individuals who may have a condition. Early
identification leads to faster treatment and better long-term health outcomes for the
individual and community.
5. A community health nurse is investigating a sudden outbreak of food poisoning at a local
daycare. What is the first step the nurse should take in the epidemiological investigation?
A. Develop a hypothesis about the cause
B. Identify the source of the contamination
C. Establish that an outbreak is actually occurring
, D. Implement control measures immediately
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: The first step in any epidemiological investigation is to confirm the
existence of an outbreak or epidemic. This involves comparing current cases to the
expected baseline number of cases for that specific time and location. Once the outbreak is
confirmed, the nurse can then proceed to descriptive and analytical epidemiology to find
the source.
6. Which of the following best describes the ‘Incidence Rate’ in epidemiology?
A. The number of existing cases of a disease in a population at a specific time
B. The proportion of the population that is immune to a disease
C. The ratio of deaths to the total population
D. The number of new cases of a disease in a population over a specific period
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Incidence rate refers specifically to the number of new cases of a
disease occurring in a population during a specified period of time. This differs from
prevalence, which counts all cases (both new and old) existing at a point in time. Incidence
is a critical measure for understanding the risk of contracting a disease within a
community.
Health Nursing Q&A with Rationale |
Chamberlain University
1. A community health nurse is planning an educational program on lead poisoning for
families in an older urban neighborhood. Which level of prevention does this program
represent?
A. Secondary prevention
B. Primary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Quaternary prevention
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Primary prevention focuses on health promotion and the prevention
of the initial occurrence of a disease or injury. Educational programs designed to inform at-
risk populations about potential hazards like lead before they are affected fall under this
category. The goal is to modify the environment or behavior to ensure the disease never
occurs.
2. A nurse is conducting a windshield survey of a new community. Which of the following
observations should the nurse record as a component of the physical environment?
A. The presence of local health clinics
,B. The geographic boundaries of the neighborhood
C. The types of social services available
D. The condition and age of the housing
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: A windshield survey is an informal tool used by community health
nurses to assess the community’s physical environment. Observing the condition and age of
housing provides immediate data regarding the safety and economic status of the area. This
data is critical for identifying potential health risks such as lead paint or structural hazards.
3. An occupational health nurse is caring for a worker who was exposed to a chemical spill.
According to the epidemiological triad, the chemical spill represents which component?
A. The Host
B. The Environment
C. The Vector
D. The Agent
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: The epidemiological triad consists of the host, the agent, and the
environment. In this model, the agent is the factor whose presence or absence causes the
disease or injury, such as a chemical, virus, or physical force. Understanding the interaction
,between these three components helps nurses develop strategies for prevention and
control.
4. Which of the following activities is an example of secondary prevention in community
health nursing?
A. Screening a population for high blood pressure
B. Administering influenza vaccines at a senior center
C. Providing rehabilitation for a client after a stroke
D. Advocating for air quality legislation
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention to
stop the progression of a disease. Screening programs, such as blood pressure checks, allow
for the identification of asymptomatic individuals who may have a condition. Early
identification leads to faster treatment and better long-term health outcomes for the
individual and community.
5. A community health nurse is investigating a sudden outbreak of food poisoning at a local
daycare. What is the first step the nurse should take in the epidemiological investigation?
A. Develop a hypothesis about the cause
B. Identify the source of the contamination
C. Establish that an outbreak is actually occurring
, D. Implement control measures immediately
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: The first step in any epidemiological investigation is to confirm the
existence of an outbreak or epidemic. This involves comparing current cases to the
expected baseline number of cases for that specific time and location. Once the outbreak is
confirmed, the nurse can then proceed to descriptive and analytical epidemiology to find
the source.
6. Which of the following best describes the ‘Incidence Rate’ in epidemiology?
A. The number of existing cases of a disease in a population at a specific time
B. The proportion of the population that is immune to a disease
C. The ratio of deaths to the total population
D. The number of new cases of a disease in a population over a specific period
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Incidence rate refers specifically to the number of new cases of a
disease occurring in a population during a specified period of time. This differs from
prevalence, which counts all cases (both new and old) existing at a point in time. Incidence
is a critical measure for understanding the risk of contracting a disease within a
community.
