NURS 621 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2026/2027 ACCURATE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY
1. What are conditions that require immediate referral? - ANSWER ✔ -severe
or sudden vision loss.
-sudden or intense eye pain.
-corneal ulceration.
-trauma.
-foreign body
-herpetic infection of the eye
2. What type of pain does conjunctivitis, stye and dry eyes have? - ANSWER
✔ Irritation, grittiness or scratchiness.
3. What type of pain will the patient experience if the cornea is the issue? -
ANSWER ✔ -photophobia (can be severe)
-difficulty keeping eye open.
4. What 2 things can we ask the patient to help us distinguish between viral,
allergic and bacterial? (in terms of eye complaints) - ANSWER ✔ -Ask
about timing of the discharge.
-Ask about the characteristic of the eye discharge.
-Also ask about history of any URI symptoms
5. What are the basics in terms of physical exam for someone with an eye
complaint? - ANSWER ✔ -making sure the globe is intact.
-red reflex
-pupils are reactive to light.
,-EOM
-Visual acuity.
6. What is Blepharitis? - ANSWER ✔ -Inflammation involving the structures
of the lid margin.
-The most common ocular disease.
7. What is the presentation of Blepharitis? - ANSWER ✔ -redness
-scaling
-crusting of the lid margins and eye lashes.
-pt reports burning, itching, feeling like something is in the eye.
8. How do you manage Blepharitis? - ANSWER ✔ -Warm compresses 5-10
mins BID.
-scrub lash with diluted baby shampoo BID.
-Treatment:
Bacitracin, erythromycin, azithromyacin drops.
9. What is included in the work-up for hearing loss? - ANSWER ✔ -
Distinguish between conductive or sensorineural causes.
-determine if problem with spoken word.
-assess medication history, family history and noise exposure.
-PE: HEENT, hearing tests (weber, rinne)
10.What is presbycusis? - ANSWER ✔ -age related hearing loss.
-slow loss of hearing in bilateral ears.
-most common pattern of hearing loss in older adults.
11.What are some differential diagnoses for geriatric hearing loss? - ANSWER
✔ -AOM
-OME
-perforation of TM, OE.
-Meniere's Disease
-ototoxic medications.
-Acoustic neuroma
12.What are some common conditions of the nose? - ANSWER ✔ -acute
sinusitis.
,-chronic sinusitis
-allergic rhinitis.
-epitaxis (nose bleeds)
13.What is acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) - ANSWER ✔ -
inflammation of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity and is less than 4
weeks duration.
14.What organisms cause ABRS? - ANSWER ✔ -streptococcus pneumonia
(20-43%
-Haemophilus influenzae (22-35%)
-Moraxella Catarrhalis (2-10%)
15.What are the 3 cardinal symptoms for diagnosis of ABRS? - ANSWER ✔ -
symptoms must be present for at least 10 days with no improvement
*purulent nasal drainage.
*facial or dental pain
*nasal obstruction
16.What are some complications of ABRS? - ANSWER ✔ -Osteomyelitis
-Sinus thrombosis
-Intracranial abscess
-Meningitis
17.In terms of obtaining HPI - What is the diagnosis based on? - ANSWER ✔
-Duration and illness pattern.
18.ask about congestions, pain/pressure and initial improvement then worsening
symptoms.
19.What will the PE include in a patient with ABRS? - ANSWER ✔ -HEENT
and lungs.
-Palpate and percuss sinuses.
20.When do we start antibiotics for ABRS? - ANSWER ✔ -symptoms fail to
improve after 10 days.
-symptoms worsen after 7 days.
-fever over 102, severe pain.
, 21.How do we treat before starting abx? - ANSWER ✔ -analgesics
-intranasal steroids
-decongestants
-second-generation antihistamines.
-nasal saline irrigation
-local heat, good hydration
-rest
**Watch and wait!**
22.Diagnosis of DVT - ANSWER ✔ Venography
23.Diagnosis of PE - ANSWER ✔ Pulmonary angiography and D-Dimer
24.S/S of arterial insufficiency - ANSWER ✔ Intermittent claudication, pain
at rest, pale to dependent, dull to bright red color, takes on environmental
temperature, diminished to absent pulses, no edema, skin is shiny
25.S/S of venous insufficiency - ANSWER ✔ Chronic dull ache that
progresses throughout the day, normal to cyanotic, normal skin temperature,
edema present, pulses normal, statis dermatitis, flaky, dry, scaly skin
26.S/S of varicosities - ANSWER ✔ Dark purple-blue veins, "twisted",
swelling, achy/heaviness in legs, worsened pain after standing
27.S/S of DVT - ANSWER ✔ Swelling, muscle tenderness, pain in calf
muscle, warmth, fever, tachycardia
28.Modifiable risk factors for arterial insufficiency - ANSWER ✔ Smoking,
obesity, hypertension, cholesterol, DM, sedentary lifestyle
29.Nonmodifiable risk factors for arterial insufficiency - ANSWER ✔ Age,
gender, race, genetics
30.S/S of emphysema - ANSWER ✔ Pink puffers, barrel chest, pursed lip
breathers, distant quiet breath sounds, wheezes, pulmonary blebs on
radiograph
2026/2027 ACCURATE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY
1. What are conditions that require immediate referral? - ANSWER ✔ -severe
or sudden vision loss.
-sudden or intense eye pain.
-corneal ulceration.
-trauma.
-foreign body
-herpetic infection of the eye
2. What type of pain does conjunctivitis, stye and dry eyes have? - ANSWER
✔ Irritation, grittiness or scratchiness.
3. What type of pain will the patient experience if the cornea is the issue? -
ANSWER ✔ -photophobia (can be severe)
-difficulty keeping eye open.
4. What 2 things can we ask the patient to help us distinguish between viral,
allergic and bacterial? (in terms of eye complaints) - ANSWER ✔ -Ask
about timing of the discharge.
-Ask about the characteristic of the eye discharge.
-Also ask about history of any URI symptoms
5. What are the basics in terms of physical exam for someone with an eye
complaint? - ANSWER ✔ -making sure the globe is intact.
-red reflex
-pupils are reactive to light.
,-EOM
-Visual acuity.
6. What is Blepharitis? - ANSWER ✔ -Inflammation involving the structures
of the lid margin.
-The most common ocular disease.
7. What is the presentation of Blepharitis? - ANSWER ✔ -redness
-scaling
-crusting of the lid margins and eye lashes.
-pt reports burning, itching, feeling like something is in the eye.
8. How do you manage Blepharitis? - ANSWER ✔ -Warm compresses 5-10
mins BID.
-scrub lash with diluted baby shampoo BID.
-Treatment:
Bacitracin, erythromycin, azithromyacin drops.
9. What is included in the work-up for hearing loss? - ANSWER ✔ -
Distinguish between conductive or sensorineural causes.
-determine if problem with spoken word.
-assess medication history, family history and noise exposure.
-PE: HEENT, hearing tests (weber, rinne)
10.What is presbycusis? - ANSWER ✔ -age related hearing loss.
-slow loss of hearing in bilateral ears.
-most common pattern of hearing loss in older adults.
11.What are some differential diagnoses for geriatric hearing loss? - ANSWER
✔ -AOM
-OME
-perforation of TM, OE.
-Meniere's Disease
-ototoxic medications.
-Acoustic neuroma
12.What are some common conditions of the nose? - ANSWER ✔ -acute
sinusitis.
,-chronic sinusitis
-allergic rhinitis.
-epitaxis (nose bleeds)
13.What is acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) - ANSWER ✔ -
inflammation of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity and is less than 4
weeks duration.
14.What organisms cause ABRS? - ANSWER ✔ -streptococcus pneumonia
(20-43%
-Haemophilus influenzae (22-35%)
-Moraxella Catarrhalis (2-10%)
15.What are the 3 cardinal symptoms for diagnosis of ABRS? - ANSWER ✔ -
symptoms must be present for at least 10 days with no improvement
*purulent nasal drainage.
*facial or dental pain
*nasal obstruction
16.What are some complications of ABRS? - ANSWER ✔ -Osteomyelitis
-Sinus thrombosis
-Intracranial abscess
-Meningitis
17.In terms of obtaining HPI - What is the diagnosis based on? - ANSWER ✔
-Duration and illness pattern.
18.ask about congestions, pain/pressure and initial improvement then worsening
symptoms.
19.What will the PE include in a patient with ABRS? - ANSWER ✔ -HEENT
and lungs.
-Palpate and percuss sinuses.
20.When do we start antibiotics for ABRS? - ANSWER ✔ -symptoms fail to
improve after 10 days.
-symptoms worsen after 7 days.
-fever over 102, severe pain.
, 21.How do we treat before starting abx? - ANSWER ✔ -analgesics
-intranasal steroids
-decongestants
-second-generation antihistamines.
-nasal saline irrigation
-local heat, good hydration
-rest
**Watch and wait!**
22.Diagnosis of DVT - ANSWER ✔ Venography
23.Diagnosis of PE - ANSWER ✔ Pulmonary angiography and D-Dimer
24.S/S of arterial insufficiency - ANSWER ✔ Intermittent claudication, pain
at rest, pale to dependent, dull to bright red color, takes on environmental
temperature, diminished to absent pulses, no edema, skin is shiny
25.S/S of venous insufficiency - ANSWER ✔ Chronic dull ache that
progresses throughout the day, normal to cyanotic, normal skin temperature,
edema present, pulses normal, statis dermatitis, flaky, dry, scaly skin
26.S/S of varicosities - ANSWER ✔ Dark purple-blue veins, "twisted",
swelling, achy/heaviness in legs, worsened pain after standing
27.S/S of DVT - ANSWER ✔ Swelling, muscle tenderness, pain in calf
muscle, warmth, fever, tachycardia
28.Modifiable risk factors for arterial insufficiency - ANSWER ✔ Smoking,
obesity, hypertension, cholesterol, DM, sedentary lifestyle
29.Nonmodifiable risk factors for arterial insufficiency - ANSWER ✔ Age,
gender, race, genetics
30.S/S of emphysema - ANSWER ✔ Pink puffers, barrel chest, pursed lip
breathers, distant quiet breath sounds, wheezes, pulmonary blebs on
radiograph
