Test Bank for Lewis's Medical-Surgical
Nursing, 12th Edition by Harding, Kwong &
Hagler (Chapters 1–69) UPDATED 2026
Chapter 01: Professional Nursing
Harding: Lewis’s Medical-Surgical Nursing, 12th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse completes an admission database and explains that the plan of care and
discharge goals will be developed with the patient‘s input. The patient asks, “How is this
different from what the physician does?” Which response would the nurse provide? a. “The
role of the nurse is to administer medications and other treatments prescribed by your
physician.”
b. “In addition to caring for you while you are sick, the nurses will help you plan to
maintain your health.”
c. “The nurse‘s job is to collect information and communicate any problems that
occur to the physician.”
d. “Nurses perform many of the same procedures as the physician, but nurses are
with the patients for a longer time than the physician.”
ANS: B
The American Nurses Association (ANA) definition of nursing describes the role of nurses in
promoting health. The other responses describe dependent and collaborative functions of
the nursing role but do not accurately describe the nurse‘s unique role in the health care
system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
2. Which statement by the nurse accurately describes the use of evidence-based practice
(EBP)?
a. “Patient care is based on clinical judgment, experience, and traditions.”
b. “Data are analyzed later to show that the patient outcomes are consistently met.”
c. “Research from all published articles are used as a guide for planning patient care.”
d. “Recommendations are based on research, clinical expertise, and patient
preferences.”
ANS: D
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the use of the best research-based evidence combined
with clinician expertise and consideration of patient preferences. Clinical judgment based
on the nurse‘s clinical experience is part of EBP, but clinical decision making should also
incorporate current research and research-based guidelines. Evaluation of patient
outcomes is important, but data analysis is not required to use EBP. All published articles
, do not provide research evidence; interventions should be based on credible research,
preferably randomized controlled studies with a large number of subjects.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC:
NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
3. Which statement by the nurse provides a clear explanation of the nursing process?
a. “The nursing process is a research method of diagnosing the patient‘s health care
problems.”
b. “The nursing process is used primarily to explain nursing interventions to other
health care professionals.”
c. “The nursing process is a problem-solving tool used to identify and manage the
patients‘ health care needs.”
d. “The nursing process is based on nursing theory that incorporates the
biopsychosocial nature of humans.”
ANS: C
The nursing process is a problem-solving approach to the identification and treatment of
patients‘ problems. Nursing process does not require research methods for diagnosis. The
primary use of the nursing process is in patient care, not to establish nursing theory or
explain nursing interventions to other health care professionals.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation MSC:
NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
4. A patient admitted to the hospital for surgery tells the nurse, “I do not feel
comfortable leaving my children with my parents.” Which action would the nurse
take next? a. Reassure the patient that these feelings are common for parents.
b. Have the patient call the children to ensure that they are doing well.
c. Gather information on the patient‘s concerns about the child care arrangements.
d. Call the patient‘s parents to determine whether adequate child care is being provided.
ANS: C
Because a complete assessment is necessary in order to identify a problem and choose an
appropriate intervention, the nurse‘s first action should be to obtain more information.
The other actions may be appropriate, but more assessment is needed before the best
intervention can be chosen.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity
5. A patient with a bacterial infection is hypovolemic due to a fever and excessive
diaphoresis. Which expected outcome would the nurse select for this patient? a.
Patient has a balanced intake and output.
b. Patient‘s bedding is kept clean and free of moisture.
c. Patient understands the need for increased fluid intake.
d. Patient‘s skin remains cool and dry throughout hospitalization.
Nursing, 12th Edition by Harding, Kwong &
Hagler (Chapters 1–69) UPDATED 2026
Chapter 01: Professional Nursing
Harding: Lewis’s Medical-Surgical Nursing, 12th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse completes an admission database and explains that the plan of care and
discharge goals will be developed with the patient‘s input. The patient asks, “How is this
different from what the physician does?” Which response would the nurse provide? a. “The
role of the nurse is to administer medications and other treatments prescribed by your
physician.”
b. “In addition to caring for you while you are sick, the nurses will help you plan to
maintain your health.”
c. “The nurse‘s job is to collect information and communicate any problems that
occur to the physician.”
d. “Nurses perform many of the same procedures as the physician, but nurses are
with the patients for a longer time than the physician.”
ANS: B
The American Nurses Association (ANA) definition of nursing describes the role of nurses in
promoting health. The other responses describe dependent and collaborative functions of
the nursing role but do not accurately describe the nurse‘s unique role in the health care
system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
2. Which statement by the nurse accurately describes the use of evidence-based practice
(EBP)?
a. “Patient care is based on clinical judgment, experience, and traditions.”
b. “Data are analyzed later to show that the patient outcomes are consistently met.”
c. “Research from all published articles are used as a guide for planning patient care.”
d. “Recommendations are based on research, clinical expertise, and patient
preferences.”
ANS: D
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the use of the best research-based evidence combined
with clinician expertise and consideration of patient preferences. Clinical judgment based
on the nurse‘s clinical experience is part of EBP, but clinical decision making should also
incorporate current research and research-based guidelines. Evaluation of patient
outcomes is important, but data analysis is not required to use EBP. All published articles
, do not provide research evidence; interventions should be based on credible research,
preferably randomized controlled studies with a large number of subjects.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC:
NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
3. Which statement by the nurse provides a clear explanation of the nursing process?
a. “The nursing process is a research method of diagnosing the patient‘s health care
problems.”
b. “The nursing process is used primarily to explain nursing interventions to other
health care professionals.”
c. “The nursing process is a problem-solving tool used to identify and manage the
patients‘ health care needs.”
d. “The nursing process is based on nursing theory that incorporates the
biopsychosocial nature of humans.”
ANS: C
The nursing process is a problem-solving approach to the identification and treatment of
patients‘ problems. Nursing process does not require research methods for diagnosis. The
primary use of the nursing process is in patient care, not to establish nursing theory or
explain nursing interventions to other health care professionals.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation MSC:
NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
4. A patient admitted to the hospital for surgery tells the nurse, “I do not feel
comfortable leaving my children with my parents.” Which action would the nurse
take next? a. Reassure the patient that these feelings are common for parents.
b. Have the patient call the children to ensure that they are doing well.
c. Gather information on the patient‘s concerns about the child care arrangements.
d. Call the patient‘s parents to determine whether adequate child care is being provided.
ANS: C
Because a complete assessment is necessary in order to identify a problem and choose an
appropriate intervention, the nurse‘s first action should be to obtain more information.
The other actions may be appropriate, but more assessment is needed before the best
intervention can be chosen.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity
5. A patient with a bacterial infection is hypovolemic due to a fever and excessive
diaphoresis. Which expected outcome would the nurse select for this patient? a.
Patient has a balanced intake and output.
b. Patient‘s bedding is kept clean and free of moisture.
c. Patient understands the need for increased fluid intake.
d. Patient‘s skin remains cool and dry throughout hospitalization.
