HCR 240 Final Exam Newest With
Questions And Answers
2026/2027|100% Correct
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage classic clue - ANSWER>Sudden "worst headache of my life."
Thrombotic stroke - ANSWER>Clot forms in brain artery.
Embolic stroke - ANSWER>Clot travels from elsewhere, often heart.
Hemorrhagic stroke cause - ANSWER>Often related to hypertension or aneurysm.
Myasthenia gravis - ANSWER>Autoimmune disorder affecting the neuromuscular junction.
Myasthenia gravis pathophysiology - ANSWER>Antibodies attack acetylcholine receptors, so muscles cannot
receive signals well.
,Myasthenia gravis clinical manifestations - ANSWER>Muscle weakness that worsens with activity and improves
with rest.
Myasthenic crisis - ANSWER>Can cause respiratory failure.
Multiple Sclerosis - ANSWER>Autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
Multiple Sclerosis pathophysiology - ANSWER>Immune system attacks myelin in the brain and spinal cord. Loss of
myelin slows nerve conduction.
Multiple Sclerosis common pattern - ANSWER>Relapsing-remitting symptoms.
Hormones - ANSWER>Chemical messengers released into the blood.
Water-Soluble Hormones examples - ANSWER>Peptide hormones, catecholamines.
Water-Soluble Hormones mechanism - ANSWER>Cannot cross cell membrane, bind to receptors on cell surface,
use second messengers, fast effects.
, Lipid-Soluble Hormones examples - ANSWER>Steroid hormones, thyroid hormone.
Lipid-Soluble Hormones mechanism - ANSWER>Can cross cell membrane, bind to intracellular receptors, change
gene expression, slower but longer-lasting effects.
Insulin source - ANSWER>Released by beta cells in the pancreas.
Insulin main effect - ANSWER>Lowers blood glucose.
How insulin increases glucose uptake - ANSWER>Increases glucose uptake into cells, especially muscle and fat.
Insulin metabolic effects - ANSWER>Promotes glycogen storage in liver and muscle, promotes fat storage, promotes
protein synthesis.
Insulin inhibitory effects - ANSWER>Decreases glucose production by liver, inhibits breakdown of fat and protein.
Questions And Answers
2026/2027|100% Correct
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage classic clue - ANSWER>Sudden "worst headache of my life."
Thrombotic stroke - ANSWER>Clot forms in brain artery.
Embolic stroke - ANSWER>Clot travels from elsewhere, often heart.
Hemorrhagic stroke cause - ANSWER>Often related to hypertension or aneurysm.
Myasthenia gravis - ANSWER>Autoimmune disorder affecting the neuromuscular junction.
Myasthenia gravis pathophysiology - ANSWER>Antibodies attack acetylcholine receptors, so muscles cannot
receive signals well.
,Myasthenia gravis clinical manifestations - ANSWER>Muscle weakness that worsens with activity and improves
with rest.
Myasthenic crisis - ANSWER>Can cause respiratory failure.
Multiple Sclerosis - ANSWER>Autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
Multiple Sclerosis pathophysiology - ANSWER>Immune system attacks myelin in the brain and spinal cord. Loss of
myelin slows nerve conduction.
Multiple Sclerosis common pattern - ANSWER>Relapsing-remitting symptoms.
Hormones - ANSWER>Chemical messengers released into the blood.
Water-Soluble Hormones examples - ANSWER>Peptide hormones, catecholamines.
Water-Soluble Hormones mechanism - ANSWER>Cannot cross cell membrane, bind to receptors on cell surface,
use second messengers, fast effects.
, Lipid-Soluble Hormones examples - ANSWER>Steroid hormones, thyroid hormone.
Lipid-Soluble Hormones mechanism - ANSWER>Can cross cell membrane, bind to intracellular receptors, change
gene expression, slower but longer-lasting effects.
Insulin source - ANSWER>Released by beta cells in the pancreas.
Insulin main effect - ANSWER>Lowers blood glucose.
How insulin increases glucose uptake - ANSWER>Increases glucose uptake into cells, especially muscle and fat.
Insulin metabolic effects - ANSWER>Promotes glycogen storage in liver and muscle, promotes fat storage, promotes
protein synthesis.
Insulin inhibitory effects - ANSWER>Decreases glucose production by liver, inhibits breakdown of fat and protein.
