HCR 240 Final Exam Newest With
Questions And Answers
2026/2027|100% Correct
Lymphocytes - ANSWER>Important for viral infections and adaptive immunity.
Monocytes - ANSWER>Become macrophages.
Eosinophils - ANSWER>Parasites and allergies.
Basophils - ANSWER>Release histamine and help with allergic responses.
Vitamin B12 function - ANSWER>B12 is needed for DNA synthesis and myelin maintenance.
Causes of Vitamin B12 deficiency - ANSWER>Pernicious anemia, vegan diet without supplementation,
malabsorption, gastric surgery.
,Clinical manifestations of Vitamin B12 deficiency - ANSWER>Fatigue, pallor, glossitis, numbness/tingling, balance
problems, confusion.
Neurological symptoms in B12 deficiency - ANSWER>B12 deficiency can cause neurological symptoms.
Folate function - ANSWER>Folate is needed for DNA synthesis.
Causes of Folate deficiency - ANSWER>Poor diet, alcoholism, pregnancy, malabsorption, certain medications.
Neurological symptoms in Folate deficiency - ANSWER>Folate deficiency does not usually cause neurological
symptoms.
Importance of Folate in pregnancy - ANSWER>Folate is important in pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects.
Iron Deficiency Anemia Pathophysiology - ANSWER>Low iron causes decreased hemoglobin production.
Iron Deficiency Anemia Causes - ANSWER>Blood loss, poor intake, pregnancy, heavy menstrual bleeding, GI
bleeding.
, Iron Deficiency Anemia Clinical manifestations - ANSWER>Fatigue, weakness, pallor, shortness of breath,
tachycardia, brittle nails, pica.
Iron Deficiency Anemia Lab clue - ANSWER>Microcytic, hypochromic anemia.
Thrombocytopenia - ANSWER>Low platelet count.
Thrombocytopenia Pathophysiology - ANSWER>Too few platelets causes impaired clot formation.
Thrombocytopenia Causes - ANSWER>Bone marrow suppression, immune destruction, medications, liver disease,
DIC.
Thrombocytopenia Clinical manifestations - ANSWER>Petechiae, purpura, easy bruising, prolonged bleeding,
nosebleeds, bleeding gums.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation - ANSWER>Widespread abnormal clotting followed by bleeding.
Questions And Answers
2026/2027|100% Correct
Lymphocytes - ANSWER>Important for viral infections and adaptive immunity.
Monocytes - ANSWER>Become macrophages.
Eosinophils - ANSWER>Parasites and allergies.
Basophils - ANSWER>Release histamine and help with allergic responses.
Vitamin B12 function - ANSWER>B12 is needed for DNA synthesis and myelin maintenance.
Causes of Vitamin B12 deficiency - ANSWER>Pernicious anemia, vegan diet without supplementation,
malabsorption, gastric surgery.
,Clinical manifestations of Vitamin B12 deficiency - ANSWER>Fatigue, pallor, glossitis, numbness/tingling, balance
problems, confusion.
Neurological symptoms in B12 deficiency - ANSWER>B12 deficiency can cause neurological symptoms.
Folate function - ANSWER>Folate is needed for DNA synthesis.
Causes of Folate deficiency - ANSWER>Poor diet, alcoholism, pregnancy, malabsorption, certain medications.
Neurological symptoms in Folate deficiency - ANSWER>Folate deficiency does not usually cause neurological
symptoms.
Importance of Folate in pregnancy - ANSWER>Folate is important in pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects.
Iron Deficiency Anemia Pathophysiology - ANSWER>Low iron causes decreased hemoglobin production.
Iron Deficiency Anemia Causes - ANSWER>Blood loss, poor intake, pregnancy, heavy menstrual bleeding, GI
bleeding.
, Iron Deficiency Anemia Clinical manifestations - ANSWER>Fatigue, weakness, pallor, shortness of breath,
tachycardia, brittle nails, pica.
Iron Deficiency Anemia Lab clue - ANSWER>Microcytic, hypochromic anemia.
Thrombocytopenia - ANSWER>Low platelet count.
Thrombocytopenia Pathophysiology - ANSWER>Too few platelets causes impaired clot formation.
Thrombocytopenia Causes - ANSWER>Bone marrow suppression, immune destruction, medications, liver disease,
DIC.
Thrombocytopenia Clinical manifestations - ANSWER>Petechiae, purpura, easy bruising, prolonged bleeding,
nosebleeds, bleeding gums.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation - ANSWER>Widespread abnormal clotting followed by bleeding.
