EMT FISDAP Trauma Exam 2026/2027 – Complete Exam-Style
Questions with Detailed Rationales | 100% Verified – Pass
Guaranteed – A+ Graded
Time Allowed: 90 Minutes
Total Questions: 80 (71 Multiple-Choice, 9 Select All That Apply)
Section I: Mechanism of Injury & Kinematics
1. You respond to a frontal-impact MVC. The driver, a 45-year-old male, was wearing a
lap belt only. The steering wheel is bent. You note contusions across the lower
abdomen. Based on the kinematics, which injuries should raise your highest index of
suspicion? (Select All That Apply)
A. Traumatic aortic disruption
B. Posterior hip dislocation
C. Flexion-distraction injury of the lumbar spine
D. Fractured sternum
E. Intra-abdominal solid organ injury
Correct Answer: B, C, E
Rationale: Lap belt use without a shoulder harness allows the torso to submarine
forward over the belt, creating a flexion-distraction force across the lumbar spine
(Chance fracture) and compressing intra-abdominal organs against the spine. Posterior
hip dislocation can occur when the knee strikes the dashboard and force is transmitted
posteriorly. Aortic disruption (A) is classically associated with high-speed deceleration
with chest impact in restrained or unrestrained drivers, not specifically lap-belt-only
,submarining. Fractured sternum (D) is more typical of shoulder harness loading or
direct anterior chest impact.
2. You are called to a construction site where a 32-year-old male fell approximately 20
feet, landing on his feet. He is alert and complains of severe bilateral ankle pain and
lower back pain. Which additional injury should you suspect based on the kinematics of
the fall?
A. Isolated radial fracture
B. Bilateral calcaneal fracture and compression fracture of the lumbar spine
C. Clavicle fracture
D. Isolated hip dislocation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A fall from height landing on the feet transmits axial force through the lower
extremities into the pelvis and spine. Bilateral calcaneal fractures are the hallmark
injury. The force continues cephalad, causing compression or burst fractures of the
lumbar spine. A radial fracture (A) is a FOOSH (fall on outstretched hand) injury. Clavicle
fracture (C) and isolated hip dislocation (D) are not the primary kinematic pattern of
axial loading.
3. A 6-year-old child is struck by a passenger vehicle traveling at 25 mph. The child was
crossing the street mid-block. Which pattern of injuries is most consistent with typical
pedestrian-vehicle kinematics?
A. Lower extremity fractures on the side struck, torso/head injuries from the ground
impact
,B. Isolated head injury only
C. Upper extremity fractures on the side struck, no other injuries
D. Whiplash injury to the cervical spine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pediatric pedestrians classically suffer bumper-strike injuries to the lower
extremities on the side of impact, followed by being thrown onto the hood or the ground,
causing torso and head injuries. Isolated head injury (B) or upper extremity injury only
(C) is incomplete. Whiplash (D) is a vehicle-occupant injury pattern.
4. You arrive at a motorcycle crash. The rider was traveling at highway speed and was
thrown from the bike. He is wearing a full-face helmet that is cracked and the face
shield is shattered. He is unconscious. Which statement best describes your index of
suspicion?
A. The damaged helmet indicates the head struck the ground, but full-body trauma is
unlikely
B. The helmet damage confirms a minor head injury and no spinal injury is suspected
C. The high-speed ejection mechanism warrants high index of suspicion for
multisystem trauma including traumatic brain injury and spinal injury
D. Because the helmet is intact except for the face shield, significant head trauma is
unlikely
Correct Answer: C
, Rationale: High-speed motorcycle ejection with helmet damage indicates significant
energy transfer. The unconscious state and mechanism demand high suspicion for
multisystem trauma, TBI, and spinal injury. Helmet damage does not localize or
minimize injury severity (A and D are incorrect). Helmets reduce but do not eliminate
TBI and spinal injury risk (B is incorrect).
5. You respond to an industrial explosion. Patients present with varying injuries. Which
injuries are consistent with the different phases of blast injury? (Select All That Apply)
A. Tympanic membrane rupture from the pressure wave
B. Penetrating abdominal wound from flying glass
C. Fractured femur from being thrown against a wall
D. Inhalation injury from toxic gases
E. Crush injury from structural collapse
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, E
Rationale: Primary blast (A) is caused by the pressure wave affecting air-filled
structures. Secondary blast (B) is caused by flying debris. Tertiary blast (C, E) is caused
by the victim being thrown or by structural collapse. Quaternary blast (D) includes toxic
inhalation, burns, and exacerbation of existing medical conditions. All are recognized
blast injury phases.
6. A 28-year-old female was involved in a rear-end collision at 35 mph. She was the
driver, properly restrained. She complains of neck pain and mid-back pain but denies
loss of consciousness. Which mechanism best explains her injuries?
Questions with Detailed Rationales | 100% Verified – Pass
Guaranteed – A+ Graded
Time Allowed: 90 Minutes
Total Questions: 80 (71 Multiple-Choice, 9 Select All That Apply)
Section I: Mechanism of Injury & Kinematics
1. You respond to a frontal-impact MVC. The driver, a 45-year-old male, was wearing a
lap belt only. The steering wheel is bent. You note contusions across the lower
abdomen. Based on the kinematics, which injuries should raise your highest index of
suspicion? (Select All That Apply)
A. Traumatic aortic disruption
B. Posterior hip dislocation
C. Flexion-distraction injury of the lumbar spine
D. Fractured sternum
E. Intra-abdominal solid organ injury
Correct Answer: B, C, E
Rationale: Lap belt use without a shoulder harness allows the torso to submarine
forward over the belt, creating a flexion-distraction force across the lumbar spine
(Chance fracture) and compressing intra-abdominal organs against the spine. Posterior
hip dislocation can occur when the knee strikes the dashboard and force is transmitted
posteriorly. Aortic disruption (A) is classically associated with high-speed deceleration
with chest impact in restrained or unrestrained drivers, not specifically lap-belt-only
,submarining. Fractured sternum (D) is more typical of shoulder harness loading or
direct anterior chest impact.
2. You are called to a construction site where a 32-year-old male fell approximately 20
feet, landing on his feet. He is alert and complains of severe bilateral ankle pain and
lower back pain. Which additional injury should you suspect based on the kinematics of
the fall?
A. Isolated radial fracture
B. Bilateral calcaneal fracture and compression fracture of the lumbar spine
C. Clavicle fracture
D. Isolated hip dislocation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A fall from height landing on the feet transmits axial force through the lower
extremities into the pelvis and spine. Bilateral calcaneal fractures are the hallmark
injury. The force continues cephalad, causing compression or burst fractures of the
lumbar spine. A radial fracture (A) is a FOOSH (fall on outstretched hand) injury. Clavicle
fracture (C) and isolated hip dislocation (D) are not the primary kinematic pattern of
axial loading.
3. A 6-year-old child is struck by a passenger vehicle traveling at 25 mph. The child was
crossing the street mid-block. Which pattern of injuries is most consistent with typical
pedestrian-vehicle kinematics?
A. Lower extremity fractures on the side struck, torso/head injuries from the ground
impact
,B. Isolated head injury only
C. Upper extremity fractures on the side struck, no other injuries
D. Whiplash injury to the cervical spine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pediatric pedestrians classically suffer bumper-strike injuries to the lower
extremities on the side of impact, followed by being thrown onto the hood or the ground,
causing torso and head injuries. Isolated head injury (B) or upper extremity injury only
(C) is incomplete. Whiplash (D) is a vehicle-occupant injury pattern.
4. You arrive at a motorcycle crash. The rider was traveling at highway speed and was
thrown from the bike. He is wearing a full-face helmet that is cracked and the face
shield is shattered. He is unconscious. Which statement best describes your index of
suspicion?
A. The damaged helmet indicates the head struck the ground, but full-body trauma is
unlikely
B. The helmet damage confirms a minor head injury and no spinal injury is suspected
C. The high-speed ejection mechanism warrants high index of suspicion for
multisystem trauma including traumatic brain injury and spinal injury
D. Because the helmet is intact except for the face shield, significant head trauma is
unlikely
Correct Answer: C
, Rationale: High-speed motorcycle ejection with helmet damage indicates significant
energy transfer. The unconscious state and mechanism demand high suspicion for
multisystem trauma, TBI, and spinal injury. Helmet damage does not localize or
minimize injury severity (A and D are incorrect). Helmets reduce but do not eliminate
TBI and spinal injury risk (B is incorrect).
5. You respond to an industrial explosion. Patients present with varying injuries. Which
injuries are consistent with the different phases of blast injury? (Select All That Apply)
A. Tympanic membrane rupture from the pressure wave
B. Penetrating abdominal wound from flying glass
C. Fractured femur from being thrown against a wall
D. Inhalation injury from toxic gases
E. Crush injury from structural collapse
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, E
Rationale: Primary blast (A) is caused by the pressure wave affecting air-filled
structures. Secondary blast (B) is caused by flying debris. Tertiary blast (C, E) is caused
by the victim being thrown or by structural collapse. Quaternary blast (D) includes toxic
inhalation, burns, and exacerbation of existing medical conditions. All are recognized
blast injury phases.
6. A 28-year-old female was involved in a rear-end collision at 35 mph. She was the
driver, properly restrained. She complains of neck pain and mid-back pain but denies
loss of consciousness. Which mechanism best explains her injuries?
