Perfusion Pharmacology ABCP Exam
Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded
Answers | With Expert Solutions
Q: pharmacokinetics
Answer: what the body does to the drug
Q: Pharmacodynamics
Answer: what the drug does to the body
Q: upregulation
Answer: increase density of receptors
Q: chronic decrease in receptor stimulation
Q: ex. chronic use of beta-blockers increases the number of B-receptors
Q: downregulation
Answer: decrease density of receptors
Q: caused by a chronic increase in receptor activation
ex. chronic treatment of asthma with albuterol (beta 2 agonist) reduces the number of Breceptors
Q: what protein does alpha-adrenergic agonists increase
Answer: protein kinase C
Q: which faciliates an increase in contraction in smooth muscle cells
Q: what do beta-adrenergic receptor agonists increase?
Answer: intracellular cAMP
Q: increases heart rate, contraction, and relaxation
Q: Factors that reduce cellular response to receptor activation
Answer: acidosis (need bicarb to decrease acidosis for drugs to work during CPR)
Q: hypoxia
Q: drug interactions
Q: Where are alpha 1 receptors located?
Answer: vascular smooth muscle
Q: constrict peripheral blood vessels both arterial and venous
Q: where are alpha 2 receptors located
Page 1
, Answer: presynaptic nerve terminals
Q: inhibit NE release through negative feedback loop
Q: Where are beta 1 receptors located?
Answer: primarily in the heart
Q: increase:
Q: HR
Q: contractility
Q: conduction velocity
Q: automaticity
Q: risk of arrhythmias (bad)
Q: Where are beta 2 receptors found
Answer: bronchiole smooth muscle
Q: vasodilation and bronchodilation
Q: increase HR and contraclity (less potent than B1)
Q: phenylephrine
-- MOA
-- metabolism
-- advantages
-- disadvantages
-- indications for use
-- dosing
Answer: -- MOA: alpha 1 agonist causing vasoconstriction in mostly arterioles
-- metabolism: MAO (monoamine oxidase) metabolism
-- advantages: direct agonist with short duration, increases coronary perfusion pressure w/o
affecting contractility, MVO2 does not increase significantly
-- disadvantages: may decrease SV and CO due to increase in afterload, may decrease renal,
mesenteric, and extremity perfusion
-- indications for use: hypotension, oppose acute R-->L shunting in cyanotic spells in TOF patients
-- dosing: IV infusion: 0.5 to 10 mcg/kg/min, bolus: 1 to 10 mcg/kg (40-100mcg/ml)
Q: ephedrine
-- MOA
-- metabolism
-- advantages
-- disadvantages
-- indications for use
Page 2
Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded
Answers | With Expert Solutions
Q: pharmacokinetics
Answer: what the body does to the drug
Q: Pharmacodynamics
Answer: what the drug does to the body
Q: upregulation
Answer: increase density of receptors
Q: chronic decrease in receptor stimulation
Q: ex. chronic use of beta-blockers increases the number of B-receptors
Q: downregulation
Answer: decrease density of receptors
Q: caused by a chronic increase in receptor activation
ex. chronic treatment of asthma with albuterol (beta 2 agonist) reduces the number of Breceptors
Q: what protein does alpha-adrenergic agonists increase
Answer: protein kinase C
Q: which faciliates an increase in contraction in smooth muscle cells
Q: what do beta-adrenergic receptor agonists increase?
Answer: intracellular cAMP
Q: increases heart rate, contraction, and relaxation
Q: Factors that reduce cellular response to receptor activation
Answer: acidosis (need bicarb to decrease acidosis for drugs to work during CPR)
Q: hypoxia
Q: drug interactions
Q: Where are alpha 1 receptors located?
Answer: vascular smooth muscle
Q: constrict peripheral blood vessels both arterial and venous
Q: where are alpha 2 receptors located
Page 1
, Answer: presynaptic nerve terminals
Q: inhibit NE release through negative feedback loop
Q: Where are beta 1 receptors located?
Answer: primarily in the heart
Q: increase:
Q: HR
Q: contractility
Q: conduction velocity
Q: automaticity
Q: risk of arrhythmias (bad)
Q: Where are beta 2 receptors found
Answer: bronchiole smooth muscle
Q: vasodilation and bronchodilation
Q: increase HR and contraclity (less potent than B1)
Q: phenylephrine
-- MOA
-- metabolism
-- advantages
-- disadvantages
-- indications for use
-- dosing
Answer: -- MOA: alpha 1 agonist causing vasoconstriction in mostly arterioles
-- metabolism: MAO (monoamine oxidase) metabolism
-- advantages: direct agonist with short duration, increases coronary perfusion pressure w/o
affecting contractility, MVO2 does not increase significantly
-- disadvantages: may decrease SV and CO due to increase in afterload, may decrease renal,
mesenteric, and extremity perfusion
-- indications for use: hypotension, oppose acute R-->L shunting in cyanotic spells in TOF patients
-- dosing: IV infusion: 0.5 to 10 mcg/kg/min, bolus: 1 to 10 mcg/kg (40-100mcg/ml)
Q: ephedrine
-- MOA
-- metabolism
-- advantages
-- disadvantages
-- indications for use
Page 2
