NSG 222 FAMILY NURSING HESI COMPREHENSIVE
EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Injection sites-PEDI - ✔✔· The preferred injection site for infants 12 months or less
is the vastus lateralis or anterolateral thigh muscle, in certain circumstances
· In infants and children >12 months, the vastus lateralis or anterolateral thigh muscle
remains the preferred site but the deltoid can be considered if sufficient mass is present
✔✔IM injection-school aged-PEDI - ✔✔· The deltoid muscle is used as an IM injection
site in children older than 3 yrs of age & may be used in toddlers
✔✔Oral meds-reluctant preschooler-PEDI - ✔✔· Be firm when telling your child that it is
time for his or her medication. State, "It's time for your medicine" instead of asking, "Will
you take your medicine?" or "Can you take your medicine for me?"
• Allow your child to choose an appropriate liquid to help swallow the med or drink after
taking it.
Limit the choices to 2-3.
✔✔Solid foots-6 months introduce - ✔✔· Iron-fortified rice cereal mixed w/ a small
amount of breast milk or formula is a good choice for the first solid food.
, · The introduction of one new food every 3 to 5 days is recommended
✔✔Infant feeding - ✔✔· The ability to swallow solid food does not become completely
functional until 4 to 6 months of age.
Enzymes to appropriately digest food other than breast milk & formula are also not
present in sufficient quantities until the age of 4 to 6 months.
✔✔Infant feeding - ✔✔Before the introduction of solid foods and the cup, the infant
should be able to sit supported in a high chair.
Solids should be fed with a spoon, w/ the infant in an upright position.
✔✔School-age screen - ✔✔· Vision screening programs conducted by school nurses
identify problems w/ vision & result in appropriate referrals when warranted
· It is important to screen children for hearing deficits to ensure proper educational &
social progression.
✔✔Cupping PEDI - ✔✔Petechiae or ecchymosis may be found over areas traumatized
by the birth process; these may take a few wks to resolve
Certain cultures use "cupping" or "coining" when a child is ill, & these practices may
yield bruises or mild burns
✔✔Scoliosis - ✔✔Note mobility of the vertebral column by having the child bend forward
& side to side.
Flex the neck & move it from side to side. No resistance or pain should occur.
Inspect the back for discoloration, tufts of hair, or dimples.
A normal pilonidal dimple is sometimes seen at the base of the spine, but there should
be no tuft of hair or nevi along the spine.
Document & report abnormal findings
✔✔First aid-nail - ✔✔Therapeutic management is directed toward supporting respiratory
& cardiovascular function, stopping toxin production, neutralizing unbound toxins, &
controlling muscle spasms.
Tetanus immunoglobulin may be given as well as the tetanus vaccine. Removal of the
offending organism, by debridement of the wound, may occur, & IV ABX such as
metronidazole may be initiated.
In severe cases, the child may require intensive nursing care w/ mechanical ventilation.
EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Injection sites-PEDI - ✔✔· The preferred injection site for infants 12 months or less
is the vastus lateralis or anterolateral thigh muscle, in certain circumstances
· In infants and children >12 months, the vastus lateralis or anterolateral thigh muscle
remains the preferred site but the deltoid can be considered if sufficient mass is present
✔✔IM injection-school aged-PEDI - ✔✔· The deltoid muscle is used as an IM injection
site in children older than 3 yrs of age & may be used in toddlers
✔✔Oral meds-reluctant preschooler-PEDI - ✔✔· Be firm when telling your child that it is
time for his or her medication. State, "It's time for your medicine" instead of asking, "Will
you take your medicine?" or "Can you take your medicine for me?"
• Allow your child to choose an appropriate liquid to help swallow the med or drink after
taking it.
Limit the choices to 2-3.
✔✔Solid foots-6 months introduce - ✔✔· Iron-fortified rice cereal mixed w/ a small
amount of breast milk or formula is a good choice for the first solid food.
, · The introduction of one new food every 3 to 5 days is recommended
✔✔Infant feeding - ✔✔· The ability to swallow solid food does not become completely
functional until 4 to 6 months of age.
Enzymes to appropriately digest food other than breast milk & formula are also not
present in sufficient quantities until the age of 4 to 6 months.
✔✔Infant feeding - ✔✔Before the introduction of solid foods and the cup, the infant
should be able to sit supported in a high chair.
Solids should be fed with a spoon, w/ the infant in an upright position.
✔✔School-age screen - ✔✔· Vision screening programs conducted by school nurses
identify problems w/ vision & result in appropriate referrals when warranted
· It is important to screen children for hearing deficits to ensure proper educational &
social progression.
✔✔Cupping PEDI - ✔✔Petechiae or ecchymosis may be found over areas traumatized
by the birth process; these may take a few wks to resolve
Certain cultures use "cupping" or "coining" when a child is ill, & these practices may
yield bruises or mild burns
✔✔Scoliosis - ✔✔Note mobility of the vertebral column by having the child bend forward
& side to side.
Flex the neck & move it from side to side. No resistance or pain should occur.
Inspect the back for discoloration, tufts of hair, or dimples.
A normal pilonidal dimple is sometimes seen at the base of the spine, but there should
be no tuft of hair or nevi along the spine.
Document & report abnormal findings
✔✔First aid-nail - ✔✔Therapeutic management is directed toward supporting respiratory
& cardiovascular function, stopping toxin production, neutralizing unbound toxins, &
controlling muscle spasms.
Tetanus immunoglobulin may be given as well as the tetanus vaccine. Removal of the
offending organism, by debridement of the wound, may occur, & IV ABX such as
metronidazole may be initiated.
In severe cases, the child may require intensive nursing care w/ mechanical ventilation.
