Intro to Molecular Cell Biology Test Bank Chapter 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvqow
1. Chemical reactions carried out by living sys- (b) catabolic
tems depend on the ability of some organ-
isms to capture and use atoms from nonliving
sources in the environment. The specific subset
of these reactions that break down nutrients in
food can be described as _________________.
(a) metabolic
(b) catabolic
(c) anabolic
(d) biosynthetic
2. When there is an excess of nutrients available (c) anabolic
in the human body, insulin is released to stim-
ulate the synthesis of glycogen from glucose.
This is a specific example of a(n) _______________
process, a general process in which larger mol-
ecules are made from smaller molecules.
(a) metabolic
(b) catabolic
(c) anabolic
(d) biosynthetic
3. The second law of thermodynamics states that (b) entropy
the disorder in any systems is always increas-
ing. In simple terms, you can think about drop-
ping NaCl crystals into a glass of water. The sol-
vation and diffusion of ions is favored because
there is an increase in ________________.
(a) pH
(b) entropy
(c) ions
(d) stored energy
, Intro to Molecular Cell Biology Test Bank Chapter 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvqow
4. The energy used by the cell to generate (d) chemical bonds
specific biological molecules and highly or-
dered structures is stored in the form of
___________________.
(a) Brownian motion
(b) heat
(c) light waves
(d) chemical bonds
5. True or false: The second law of thermodynam- False. The second law states that com-
ics states that the total amount of energy in the pounds of any system move toward
universe does not change. greater disorder
6. True or false: The ultimate source of energy for False. The ultimate source of energy is
living systems is chlorophyll. sunlight.
7. True or false: CO2 gas is fixed in a series of False. The fixation of carbon from CO2
reactions that are light-dependent. occurs independently of light.
8. True or false: H2 is the most stable form and False. The most stable form of hydro-
abundant form of hydrogen in the environ- gen is H2O.
ment.
9. In the first stage of photosynthesis, light ener- (a) electrical or (d) kinetic
gy is converted into what other form of ener-
gy?
(a) electrical
(b) chemical
(c) potential
(d) kinetic
10. H2O+CO2, O2
, Intro to Molecular Cell Biology Test Bank Chapter 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvqow
Light+________+__________ yields __________+
heat+sugars
11. During respiration, energy is retrieved from (a) CO2, H2O
the high-energy bonds found in certain organic
molecules. Which of the following, in addition
to energy, are the ultimate products of respira-
tion?
(a) CO2, H2O
(b) CH3, H2O
(c) CH2OH, O2
(d) CO2, O2
12. Your body extracts energy from the food you (b) oxidation
ingest by catalyzing reactions that essential-
ly "burn" the food molecules in a stepwise
fashion. What is another way to describe this
process?
(a) reduction
(b) oxidation
(c) dehydration
(d) solvation
13. Oxidation is a favorable process in an aerobic (a) CO2, photosynthesis
environment, which is the reason cells are able
to derive energy from the oxidation of macro-
molecules. Once carbon has been oxidized to
__________, its most stable form, it can only cycle
back into the organic portion of the carbon
cycle through ____________________.
(a) CO2, photosynthesis
(b) CH3, combustion
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvqow
1. Chemical reactions carried out by living sys- (b) catabolic
tems depend on the ability of some organ-
isms to capture and use atoms from nonliving
sources in the environment. The specific subset
of these reactions that break down nutrients in
food can be described as _________________.
(a) metabolic
(b) catabolic
(c) anabolic
(d) biosynthetic
2. When there is an excess of nutrients available (c) anabolic
in the human body, insulin is released to stim-
ulate the synthesis of glycogen from glucose.
This is a specific example of a(n) _______________
process, a general process in which larger mol-
ecules are made from smaller molecules.
(a) metabolic
(b) catabolic
(c) anabolic
(d) biosynthetic
3. The second law of thermodynamics states that (b) entropy
the disorder in any systems is always increas-
ing. In simple terms, you can think about drop-
ping NaCl crystals into a glass of water. The sol-
vation and diffusion of ions is favored because
there is an increase in ________________.
(a) pH
(b) entropy
(c) ions
(d) stored energy
, Intro to Molecular Cell Biology Test Bank Chapter 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvqow
4. The energy used by the cell to generate (d) chemical bonds
specific biological molecules and highly or-
dered structures is stored in the form of
___________________.
(a) Brownian motion
(b) heat
(c) light waves
(d) chemical bonds
5. True or false: The second law of thermodynam- False. The second law states that com-
ics states that the total amount of energy in the pounds of any system move toward
universe does not change. greater disorder
6. True or false: The ultimate source of energy for False. The ultimate source of energy is
living systems is chlorophyll. sunlight.
7. True or false: CO2 gas is fixed in a series of False. The fixation of carbon from CO2
reactions that are light-dependent. occurs independently of light.
8. True or false: H2 is the most stable form and False. The most stable form of hydro-
abundant form of hydrogen in the environ- gen is H2O.
ment.
9. In the first stage of photosynthesis, light ener- (a) electrical or (d) kinetic
gy is converted into what other form of ener-
gy?
(a) electrical
(b) chemical
(c) potential
(d) kinetic
10. H2O+CO2, O2
, Intro to Molecular Cell Biology Test Bank Chapter 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jmvqow
Light+________+__________ yields __________+
heat+sugars
11. During respiration, energy is retrieved from (a) CO2, H2O
the high-energy bonds found in certain organic
molecules. Which of the following, in addition
to energy, are the ultimate products of respira-
tion?
(a) CO2, H2O
(b) CH3, H2O
(c) CH2OH, O2
(d) CO2, O2
12. Your body extracts energy from the food you (b) oxidation
ingest by catalyzing reactions that essential-
ly "burn" the food molecules in a stepwise
fashion. What is another way to describe this
process?
(a) reduction
(b) oxidation
(c) dehydration
(d) solvation
13. Oxidation is a favorable process in an aerobic (a) CO2, photosynthesis
environment, which is the reason cells are able
to derive energy from the oxidation of macro-
molecules. Once carbon has been oxidized to
__________, its most stable form, it can only cycle
back into the organic portion of the carbon
cycle through ____________________.
(a) CO2, photosynthesis
(b) CH3, combustion
