Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of
Medical-Surgical Nursing
16th Edition
• Author(s)Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H.
Cheever; Kristen J. Overbaugh; Carolyn
E. Bradley
ISBN: 9781975221133
Question 1:
Question Type: MCQ
Question Stem:
A registered nurse is caring for a patient who recently received
a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The patient states, “I feel
overwhelmed and do not understand how I will manage this at
home.” Which nursing action best demonstrates the
professional nursing role of patient advocacy?
Options:
,A. Providing the patient with a printed diabetes education
booklet and leaving it at the bedside
B. Assessing the patient’s concerns and collaborating on an
individualized teaching plan
C. Asking the healthcare provider to explain the diagnosis
because it is a medical issue
D. Encouraging the patient to search online for diabetes
management information
Correct Answer:
B
Rationale for A:
Providing written materials may support learning, but it does
not address the patient’s individual concerns or determine
readiness to learn. Professional nursing practice requires
assessment and individualized interventions rather than simply
providing information.
Rationale for B:
The correct answer demonstrates patient advocacy by
identifying the patient’s needs, supporting informed decision-
making, and creating an individualized plan of care. Nurses
promote patient autonomy by assessing barriers and adapting
education to the patient’s abilities.
Rationale for C:
,Although providers diagnose and prescribe treatments, nurses
have an independent responsibility to educate, advocate, and
support patients in understanding their health conditions.
Rationale for D:
Encouraging online searching without guidance may expose
patients to inaccurate information. Nurses should direct
patients toward reliable evidence-based resources.
Key Takeaway:
Professional nursing practice includes advocacy, patient-
centered care, assessment, and individualized education.
Question 2:
Question Type: MCQ
Question Stem:
A nurse manager wants to improve patient safety on a medical-
surgical unit. Which action best reflects evidence-based nursing
practice?
Options:
A. Continuing current routines because staff members are
familiar with them
B. Implementing interventions based only on the most
experienced nurse’s opinion
C. Reviewing current research findings before changing clinical
, protocols
D. Changing procedures whenever a single adverse event
occurs
Correct Answer:
C
Rationale for A:
Maintaining routines without evaluation may allow outdated
practices to continue. Evidence-based practice requires
continuous evaluation of care methods.
Rationale for B:
Clinical experience is valuable but should be combined with
research evidence and patient preferences.
Rationale for C:
Evidence-based practice integrates the best available research
evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values to improve
outcomes and safety.
Rationale for D:
A single event should trigger investigation, not immediate
changes without analysis of evidence and contributing factors.
Key Takeaway:
Evidence-based practice combines research, clinical expertise,
and patient preferences to guide safe care.
Medical-Surgical Nursing
16th Edition
• Author(s)Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H.
Cheever; Kristen J. Overbaugh; Carolyn
E. Bradley
ISBN: 9781975221133
Question 1:
Question Type: MCQ
Question Stem:
A registered nurse is caring for a patient who recently received
a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The patient states, “I feel
overwhelmed and do not understand how I will manage this at
home.” Which nursing action best demonstrates the
professional nursing role of patient advocacy?
Options:
,A. Providing the patient with a printed diabetes education
booklet and leaving it at the bedside
B. Assessing the patient’s concerns and collaborating on an
individualized teaching plan
C. Asking the healthcare provider to explain the diagnosis
because it is a medical issue
D. Encouraging the patient to search online for diabetes
management information
Correct Answer:
B
Rationale for A:
Providing written materials may support learning, but it does
not address the patient’s individual concerns or determine
readiness to learn. Professional nursing practice requires
assessment and individualized interventions rather than simply
providing information.
Rationale for B:
The correct answer demonstrates patient advocacy by
identifying the patient’s needs, supporting informed decision-
making, and creating an individualized plan of care. Nurses
promote patient autonomy by assessing barriers and adapting
education to the patient’s abilities.
Rationale for C:
,Although providers diagnose and prescribe treatments, nurses
have an independent responsibility to educate, advocate, and
support patients in understanding their health conditions.
Rationale for D:
Encouraging online searching without guidance may expose
patients to inaccurate information. Nurses should direct
patients toward reliable evidence-based resources.
Key Takeaway:
Professional nursing practice includes advocacy, patient-
centered care, assessment, and individualized education.
Question 2:
Question Type: MCQ
Question Stem:
A nurse manager wants to improve patient safety on a medical-
surgical unit. Which action best reflects evidence-based nursing
practice?
Options:
A. Continuing current routines because staff members are
familiar with them
B. Implementing interventions based only on the most
experienced nurse’s opinion
C. Reviewing current research findings before changing clinical
, protocols
D. Changing procedures whenever a single adverse event
occurs
Correct Answer:
C
Rationale for A:
Maintaining routines without evaluation may allow outdated
practices to continue. Evidence-based practice requires
continuous evaluation of care methods.
Rationale for B:
Clinical experience is valuable but should be combined with
research evidence and patient preferences.
Rationale for C:
Evidence-based practice integrates the best available research
evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values to improve
outcomes and safety.
Rationale for D:
A single event should trigger investigation, not immediate
changes without analysis of evidence and contributing factors.
Key Takeaway:
Evidence-based practice combines research, clinical expertise,
and patient preferences to guide safe care.
