A P II 2026 RENAL AND URINARY SYSTEM
FUNCTION QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS
PROFESSIONAL OUTLINE
◉ Surfactant helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing by
a. interfering with the cohesiveness of water molecules, thereby
reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid
b. humidifying the air before it enters
c. warming the air before it enters
d. protecting the surface of alveoli from dehydration and other
environmental variations
Answer: a. interfering with the cohesiveness of water molecules,
thereby reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid
◉ Which of the following are true about natural killer cells?
a. all of these
b. they are nonspecific
c. they enhance the inflammatory response
d. they release perforins
Answer: a. all of these
,◉ What percent of carbon dioxide is carried by hemoglobin in the
blood?
a. 20
b. 10
c. 97
d. 70
Answer: a. 20
◉ Air moves into the lungs because:
a. the gas pressure in the lungs becomes lower that the outside
pressure as the diaphragm contracts
b. the volume of the lungs decreases with inspiration
c. contraction of the diaphragm decreases the volume of the pleural
cavity
d. the internal intercostal muscles decrease the thoracic cavity
volume
Answer: a. the gas pressure in the lungs becomes lower that the
outside pressure as the diaphragm contracts
◉ Which of the following is associated with passive immunity?
, a. booster shot
b. infusion of weakened viruses
c. passage of antibodies from a pregnant mother to her fetus
d. long-term immune protection
Answer: c. passage of antibodies from a pregnant mother to her
fetus
◉ Which of the following would increase hemoglobin's affinity for
oxygen?
a. decreased temperature
b. increased temperature
c. increased BPG concentration
d. decreased pH
Answer: a. decreased temperature
◉ When a localized area exhibits increased capillary filtration,
hyperemia, and swelling it is an indication that:
a. antigens are present
b. fever is developing
FUNCTION QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS
PROFESSIONAL OUTLINE
◉ Surfactant helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing by
a. interfering with the cohesiveness of water molecules, thereby
reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid
b. humidifying the air before it enters
c. warming the air before it enters
d. protecting the surface of alveoli from dehydration and other
environmental variations
Answer: a. interfering with the cohesiveness of water molecules,
thereby reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid
◉ Which of the following are true about natural killer cells?
a. all of these
b. they are nonspecific
c. they enhance the inflammatory response
d. they release perforins
Answer: a. all of these
,◉ What percent of carbon dioxide is carried by hemoglobin in the
blood?
a. 20
b. 10
c. 97
d. 70
Answer: a. 20
◉ Air moves into the lungs because:
a. the gas pressure in the lungs becomes lower that the outside
pressure as the diaphragm contracts
b. the volume of the lungs decreases with inspiration
c. contraction of the diaphragm decreases the volume of the pleural
cavity
d. the internal intercostal muscles decrease the thoracic cavity
volume
Answer: a. the gas pressure in the lungs becomes lower that the
outside pressure as the diaphragm contracts
◉ Which of the following is associated with passive immunity?
, a. booster shot
b. infusion of weakened viruses
c. passage of antibodies from a pregnant mother to her fetus
d. long-term immune protection
Answer: c. passage of antibodies from a pregnant mother to her
fetus
◉ Which of the following would increase hemoglobin's affinity for
oxygen?
a. decreased temperature
b. increased temperature
c. increased BPG concentration
d. decreased pH
Answer: a. decreased temperature
◉ When a localized area exhibits increased capillary filtration,
hyperemia, and swelling it is an indication that:
a. antigens are present
b. fever is developing
