BIOL 2400: Exam 1 Final Test
Questions with Quality Answers 2026-
2027 Updated.
What are the 7 criteria required for something to be considered living? - Answer 1.) Cells and
organization
2.) Response to environmental conditions
3.) Growth and development
4.) Biological evolution
5.) Energy use and metabolism
6.) Regulation and homeostasis
7.) Reproduction
Types of cellular microbes - Answer Fungi, Protists, Bacteria, Archaea
Types of acellular microbes - Answer Viruses and prions (nonliving)
What is the three domain system based on? - Answer rRNA
What are the three domains of life? - Answer Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
Cocci - Answer Spheres
Diplococci - Answer Pairs of spheres
Streptococci - Answer Chains of spheres
Staphylococci - Answer Grape-like clusters of spheres
Tetrads - Answer 4 spheres in a square
Sarcina - Answer 8 spheres in a cube
Bacilli - Answer Rods
, Coccobacilli - Answer Short and wide rods
Vibrios - Answer Comma shaped rods
Spirilla - Answer Rigid helicies
Spirochetes - Answer Flexible helicies
Mycelium - Answer network of long filaments (hyphae)
Pleomorphic - Answer Organism is variable in shape depending on the environment
What is arrangement determined by? - Answer Plane of division and separation (or not) of
cells
Amphipathic lipids - Answer Make up the phospholipid bilayer; hydrophilic head and
hydrophobic tail
What mechanism allows water to slowly move across the plasma membrane? - Answer
Osmosis
What proteins aid in the movement of water across the plasma membrane? - Answer
Aquaporins
What molecules can pass freely over the plasma membrane? - Answer Small, non-charged
molecules (CO2, O2, H2O, glycerol, alcohol)
Concentration gradient - Answer The movement of molecules from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration
What molecules cannot pass freely over the plasma membrane? - Answer Ions, polar
molecules, and macromolecules
Selectively permeable - Answer Cells allow only some substances to move across the plasma
membrane
Essential cell macronutrients - Answer Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and
Sulfur
Questions with Quality Answers 2026-
2027 Updated.
What are the 7 criteria required for something to be considered living? - Answer 1.) Cells and
organization
2.) Response to environmental conditions
3.) Growth and development
4.) Biological evolution
5.) Energy use and metabolism
6.) Regulation and homeostasis
7.) Reproduction
Types of cellular microbes - Answer Fungi, Protists, Bacteria, Archaea
Types of acellular microbes - Answer Viruses and prions (nonliving)
What is the three domain system based on? - Answer rRNA
What are the three domains of life? - Answer Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
Cocci - Answer Spheres
Diplococci - Answer Pairs of spheres
Streptococci - Answer Chains of spheres
Staphylococci - Answer Grape-like clusters of spheres
Tetrads - Answer 4 spheres in a square
Sarcina - Answer 8 spheres in a cube
Bacilli - Answer Rods
, Coccobacilli - Answer Short and wide rods
Vibrios - Answer Comma shaped rods
Spirilla - Answer Rigid helicies
Spirochetes - Answer Flexible helicies
Mycelium - Answer network of long filaments (hyphae)
Pleomorphic - Answer Organism is variable in shape depending on the environment
What is arrangement determined by? - Answer Plane of division and separation (or not) of
cells
Amphipathic lipids - Answer Make up the phospholipid bilayer; hydrophilic head and
hydrophobic tail
What mechanism allows water to slowly move across the plasma membrane? - Answer
Osmosis
What proteins aid in the movement of water across the plasma membrane? - Answer
Aquaporins
What molecules can pass freely over the plasma membrane? - Answer Small, non-charged
molecules (CO2, O2, H2O, glycerol, alcohol)
Concentration gradient - Answer The movement of molecules from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration
What molecules cannot pass freely over the plasma membrane? - Answer Ions, polar
molecules, and macromolecules
Selectively permeable - Answer Cells allow only some substances to move across the plasma
membrane
Essential cell macronutrients - Answer Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and
Sulfur
