Etiology Risk Factors Clinical Manifestations Treatments/Medications
Trichomoniasis - May be transmitted by - Black women - Thin (sometimes frothy), yellow/green, - Metronidazole (Flagyl)
asymptomatic carrier who malodorous discharge - Tinidazole (Tindamax)
harbors the organism in the - vulvovaginal burning/itching - Both partners must be treated
urogenital tract. Mya - vaginal/cervical erythema w/ multiple - Alcohol cessation
increase the risk of petechia (strawberry spots)
contracting HIV, cervical - pH greater than 4.5
cancer, post-op infections,
PID and infertility.
Human - MOST COMMON STI - multiple sex partners - lesions (warts) on the skin, cervix, - pap smears (papanicolaou) every 3
Papilloma Virus affecting young people and - Sex at young age vagina, anus , penis, and oral cavity years
(HPV) can lead to cervical cancer - incubation 1-20 months “gooch” - Topical application of trichloroacetic
- soft pink / brown in color acid (podofilox, imiquimod)
- small or large - Podophyllin (podofin, podocon)
- raised or flat - Cryotherapy
- pruritic (itchy), painful, or friable - Surgical removal
(bleed easily) - Electrocautery/laser therapy for large
area of warts
- Preventions: Gardisal (11-26 yo)
Herpes Type 2 - Chronic viral infection - Stress - herpatic lesions (begin with macules/ - NO CURE
stored in gingival neurons - Sunburn papules - blisters/vesicles) 3-7 day - Acylcovir ( Zovirax)
- Dental work incubation - Valacyclovir (Valtrex)
- Inadequate rest - itching/burning and infected area - Famciclovir (Famvir)
- Poor nutrition becomes red/edematous - Pour warm water over genitals while
- Flu-like symptoms, fever, malaise, urinating
headache, myalgia (aching muscles),
dysuria
Chlamydia * most common cause of - 25 year old and - cervical discharge, dyspareunia, dysuria, - doxycycline and azithromycin combo
endocervicitis screenings annually bleeding - Partner must also be treated
- Transmission during birth may cause
ophthalmia neonatorum ( C section
should be recommended)
Gonorrhea - Transmission through - Causes scarring in the urethra, - doxycycline and azithromycin combo
(gram N) contact with mucous epididymis and oviducts (fallopian tubes) - Partner must also be treated
membranes of infected - Often asymptomatic but a major cause - Arthritis
person or lymphatic of PID, tubal infertility, ectopic
system. pregnancy and chronic pelvic pain
(bartholian glands - vaginal - Dysuria due to inflammtion in columnar
opening) epithelium.
(skene glands - urethral
opening)
, Etiology Risk Factors Clinical Manifestations Treatments/Medications
Pelvic Inflammatory condition of - gonorrheal and - vaginal discharge - Partner must also be treated
Inflammatory pelvic cavity that may begin chamyldial infections - Dysparenunia
Disease (PID) with cervicits and involve - Bacterial vaginosis - Dysuria
the uterus (oophoritis), - Early menses - Pelvic/lower abdominal pain
fallopian tubes (salpingitis), - Multiple sex partners - fever, malaise, anorexia, nausea,
ovaries (oophoritis), pelvic - Frequent intercourse headache, vomiting
peritoneum, or pelvic without condoms - fallopian tubes become narrowed and
vascular system. - History of UTIs scarred, infertility, recurrent pelvic pain
- Previous pelvic
infection
Syphilis SYSTEMIC INFECTION - caused by Treponema 1. Incubation (10-90 days) - growth of - Penicillin G, if allergic they’ll take
Consists of 5 phases Pallidium penetrates infection at site, dissemination to doxycycline
mucous membranes or various tissues including CNS
abraded skin 2. Primary - PAINLESS chancre at site * REPORTABLE *
- terminal arterioles and - Some TP remain at (chancre can go away with systemic
small arteries become original site, whereas infection still present. regional
obliterates and no longer other migrate to lymphadenopathy (painful, inflamed
functional regional lymph nodes inguinal lymph nodes)
- Long-term inflammation within hours 3. Secondary - disseminated rash (chest/
of vascular tissue results hands), generalized lymphadenopathy
in fibrous thickening and 4. Latency - can cause no further
eventually tissue necrosis complications or recurrence of
secondary syphilis in 25% of patients
5. Late syphilis - cardiovascular syphilis,
late neurological complications,
blindness, aortic aneurysms
Epididymitis 1. Transmitted sexually - recent surgery involving - enlarged, reddened and tender scrotum - relief with testicular elevation
(chlamydia/gonorrhea) < urinary tract - pain that radiates along spermatic cord - Ice packs
35 yo - History of STI’s into inguinal area - Analgesics
2. non-sexually (E-coli, - Lack of circumcision - HIGH WBC’s - Sitz baths
enterobactaria) > 35 yo - Chronic indwelling - Low grade fever, chills, heaviness in - 4-6 week antibiotic therapy
catheter affected testes - Sexually:
- ceftriaxone/doxycycline
- Non-sexual:
- trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole
or levo/ciprofloxacin
Fournier Gangrenous necrosis of the - Diabetes (uncontrolled) - painful necrotic swelling of the genitalia
Gangrene scrotum or genetalia (M/F) - Alcoholism
- Urethral trauma
Trichomoniasis - May be transmitted by - Black women - Thin (sometimes frothy), yellow/green, - Metronidazole (Flagyl)
asymptomatic carrier who malodorous discharge - Tinidazole (Tindamax)
harbors the organism in the - vulvovaginal burning/itching - Both partners must be treated
urogenital tract. Mya - vaginal/cervical erythema w/ multiple - Alcohol cessation
increase the risk of petechia (strawberry spots)
contracting HIV, cervical - pH greater than 4.5
cancer, post-op infections,
PID and infertility.
Human - MOST COMMON STI - multiple sex partners - lesions (warts) on the skin, cervix, - pap smears (papanicolaou) every 3
Papilloma Virus affecting young people and - Sex at young age vagina, anus , penis, and oral cavity years
(HPV) can lead to cervical cancer - incubation 1-20 months “gooch” - Topical application of trichloroacetic
- soft pink / brown in color acid (podofilox, imiquimod)
- small or large - Podophyllin (podofin, podocon)
- raised or flat - Cryotherapy
- pruritic (itchy), painful, or friable - Surgical removal
(bleed easily) - Electrocautery/laser therapy for large
area of warts
- Preventions: Gardisal (11-26 yo)
Herpes Type 2 - Chronic viral infection - Stress - herpatic lesions (begin with macules/ - NO CURE
stored in gingival neurons - Sunburn papules - blisters/vesicles) 3-7 day - Acylcovir ( Zovirax)
- Dental work incubation - Valacyclovir (Valtrex)
- Inadequate rest - itching/burning and infected area - Famciclovir (Famvir)
- Poor nutrition becomes red/edematous - Pour warm water over genitals while
- Flu-like symptoms, fever, malaise, urinating
headache, myalgia (aching muscles),
dysuria
Chlamydia * most common cause of - 25 year old and - cervical discharge, dyspareunia, dysuria, - doxycycline and azithromycin combo
endocervicitis screenings annually bleeding - Partner must also be treated
- Transmission during birth may cause
ophthalmia neonatorum ( C section
should be recommended)
Gonorrhea - Transmission through - Causes scarring in the urethra, - doxycycline and azithromycin combo
(gram N) contact with mucous epididymis and oviducts (fallopian tubes) - Partner must also be treated
membranes of infected - Often asymptomatic but a major cause - Arthritis
person or lymphatic of PID, tubal infertility, ectopic
system. pregnancy and chronic pelvic pain
(bartholian glands - vaginal - Dysuria due to inflammtion in columnar
opening) epithelium.
(skene glands - urethral
opening)
, Etiology Risk Factors Clinical Manifestations Treatments/Medications
Pelvic Inflammatory condition of - gonorrheal and - vaginal discharge - Partner must also be treated
Inflammatory pelvic cavity that may begin chamyldial infections - Dysparenunia
Disease (PID) with cervicits and involve - Bacterial vaginosis - Dysuria
the uterus (oophoritis), - Early menses - Pelvic/lower abdominal pain
fallopian tubes (salpingitis), - Multiple sex partners - fever, malaise, anorexia, nausea,
ovaries (oophoritis), pelvic - Frequent intercourse headache, vomiting
peritoneum, or pelvic without condoms - fallopian tubes become narrowed and
vascular system. - History of UTIs scarred, infertility, recurrent pelvic pain
- Previous pelvic
infection
Syphilis SYSTEMIC INFECTION - caused by Treponema 1. Incubation (10-90 days) - growth of - Penicillin G, if allergic they’ll take
Consists of 5 phases Pallidium penetrates infection at site, dissemination to doxycycline
mucous membranes or various tissues including CNS
abraded skin 2. Primary - PAINLESS chancre at site * REPORTABLE *
- terminal arterioles and - Some TP remain at (chancre can go away with systemic
small arteries become original site, whereas infection still present. regional
obliterates and no longer other migrate to lymphadenopathy (painful, inflamed
functional regional lymph nodes inguinal lymph nodes)
- Long-term inflammation within hours 3. Secondary - disseminated rash (chest/
of vascular tissue results hands), generalized lymphadenopathy
in fibrous thickening and 4. Latency - can cause no further
eventually tissue necrosis complications or recurrence of
secondary syphilis in 25% of patients
5. Late syphilis - cardiovascular syphilis,
late neurological complications,
blindness, aortic aneurysms
Epididymitis 1. Transmitted sexually - recent surgery involving - enlarged, reddened and tender scrotum - relief with testicular elevation
(chlamydia/gonorrhea) < urinary tract - pain that radiates along spermatic cord - Ice packs
35 yo - History of STI’s into inguinal area - Analgesics
2. non-sexually (E-coli, - Lack of circumcision - HIGH WBC’s - Sitz baths
enterobactaria) > 35 yo - Chronic indwelling - Low grade fever, chills, heaviness in - 4-6 week antibiotic therapy
catheter affected testes - Sexually:
- ceftriaxone/doxycycline
- Non-sexual:
- trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole
or levo/ciprofloxacin
Fournier Gangrenous necrosis of the - Diabetes (uncontrolled) - painful necrotic swelling of the genitalia
Gangrene scrotum or genetalia (M/F) - Alcoholism
- Urethral trauma
