NSG 120 Final Exam Study Guide 2026 | Pathophysiology |
Herzing University | Graded A+
1. Describe how the symptoms of fibrocystic breast disease may vary
throughout the menstrual cycle.
The symptoms worsen during the follicular phase.
The symptoms only occur during ovulation.
The symptoms remain constant throughout the menstrual cycle.
The symptoms are often more prominent during the progesterone
phase of menstruation.
2. A patient asks for strategies to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer.
Which action should the nurse recommend to this patient?
Performing monthly self-breast exams
Limiting alcohol intake to two drinks per day
Maintaining body weight within normal limits
Continuing low-dose hormone therapy
3. Are there ways to prevent cancer?
No, cancer cannot be prevented or treated.
Yes, there are many ways cancer can be prevented, including
through a healthy diet and exercise.
Yes, cancer can be prevented, but only with intense exercise.
No, cancer cannot be prevented; it can only be treated.
,4. If a patient with Parkinson's disease experiences an increase in tremors and
stiffness, what might this indicate about their current treatment plan?
The patient is likely experiencing a common cold.
The treatment plan may need adjustment due to worsening
symptoms.
The treatment plan is effective and requires no changes.
The patient should increase their physical activity without consulting a
doctor.
5. Describe the relationship between uric acid levels and the occurrence of
gouty arthritis attacks.
Uric acid has no effect on joint health.
Low levels of uric acid prevent gouty arthritis from occurring.
Gouty arthritis is caused by bacterial infections unrelated to uric acid
levels.
High levels of uric acid in the blood can lead to the formation of
crystals in the joints, triggering gouty arthritis attacks.
6. Describe the significance of Reed-Sternberg cells in the diagnosis of
Hodgkin Lymphoma.
Reed-Sternberg cells indicate a viral infection.
Reed-Sternberg cells are involved in autoimmune responses.
Reed-Sternberg cells are a hallmark of Hodgkin Lymphoma and are
essential for its diagnosis.
Reed-Sternberg cells are a type of benign tumor.
,7. What is a common symptom associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease (COPD)?
Chest pain
Chronic cough with mucus production
Frequent headaches
Shortness of breath during exercise
8. What nutrient deficiency is primarily responsible for the development of a
simple goiter?
Iron
Vitamin D
Iodine
Calcium
9. Describe the role of Metronidazole in the treatment of Trichomoniasis.
Metronidazole is an antibiotic that targets the parasite causing
Trichomoniasis, effectively eliminating the infection.
Metronidazole is an antiviral medication that prevents the spread of
STIs.
Metronidazole is a hormone therapy used to treat hormonal disorders.
Metronidazole is a pain reliever used to alleviate symptoms of
Trichomoniasis.
10. Describe how endometriosis can contribute to infertility in women.
Endometriosis only affects menstrual cycles, not fertility.
Endometriosis has no impact on fertility.
, Endometriosis increases hormone levels that enhance fertility.
Endometriosis can cause scarring and adhesions that affect the
reproductive organs, leading to infertility.
11. Describe how hypoglycemia symptoms can impact a person's daily activities.
Symptoms are only relevant during exercise.
Symptoms have no effect on daily activities.
Symptoms only affect physical performance, not cognitive functions.
Symptoms like headache and irritability can hinder concentration
and productivity.
12. What is a symptom of testicular cancer?
Low back pain
Swollen testicle
Breast growth or soreness
Painless lump on or in the testicle
All of the above
13. Describe the demographic most affected by benign prostatic hyperplasia
(BPH) and its implications.
BPH is primarily a condition found in young males with no serious
implications.
BPH affects both genders equally and has no significant symptoms.
BPH is a rare condition that affects only elderly females.
BPH is more common in older males, which can lead to urinary
issues.
Herzing University | Graded A+
1. Describe how the symptoms of fibrocystic breast disease may vary
throughout the menstrual cycle.
The symptoms worsen during the follicular phase.
The symptoms only occur during ovulation.
The symptoms remain constant throughout the menstrual cycle.
The symptoms are often more prominent during the progesterone
phase of menstruation.
2. A patient asks for strategies to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer.
Which action should the nurse recommend to this patient?
Performing monthly self-breast exams
Limiting alcohol intake to two drinks per day
Maintaining body weight within normal limits
Continuing low-dose hormone therapy
3. Are there ways to prevent cancer?
No, cancer cannot be prevented or treated.
Yes, there are many ways cancer can be prevented, including
through a healthy diet and exercise.
Yes, cancer can be prevented, but only with intense exercise.
No, cancer cannot be prevented; it can only be treated.
,4. If a patient with Parkinson's disease experiences an increase in tremors and
stiffness, what might this indicate about their current treatment plan?
The patient is likely experiencing a common cold.
The treatment plan may need adjustment due to worsening
symptoms.
The treatment plan is effective and requires no changes.
The patient should increase their physical activity without consulting a
doctor.
5. Describe the relationship between uric acid levels and the occurrence of
gouty arthritis attacks.
Uric acid has no effect on joint health.
Low levels of uric acid prevent gouty arthritis from occurring.
Gouty arthritis is caused by bacterial infections unrelated to uric acid
levels.
High levels of uric acid in the blood can lead to the formation of
crystals in the joints, triggering gouty arthritis attacks.
6. Describe the significance of Reed-Sternberg cells in the diagnosis of
Hodgkin Lymphoma.
Reed-Sternberg cells indicate a viral infection.
Reed-Sternberg cells are involved in autoimmune responses.
Reed-Sternberg cells are a hallmark of Hodgkin Lymphoma and are
essential for its diagnosis.
Reed-Sternberg cells are a type of benign tumor.
,7. What is a common symptom associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease (COPD)?
Chest pain
Chronic cough with mucus production
Frequent headaches
Shortness of breath during exercise
8. What nutrient deficiency is primarily responsible for the development of a
simple goiter?
Iron
Vitamin D
Iodine
Calcium
9. Describe the role of Metronidazole in the treatment of Trichomoniasis.
Metronidazole is an antibiotic that targets the parasite causing
Trichomoniasis, effectively eliminating the infection.
Metronidazole is an antiviral medication that prevents the spread of
STIs.
Metronidazole is a hormone therapy used to treat hormonal disorders.
Metronidazole is a pain reliever used to alleviate symptoms of
Trichomoniasis.
10. Describe how endometriosis can contribute to infertility in women.
Endometriosis only affects menstrual cycles, not fertility.
Endometriosis has no impact on fertility.
, Endometriosis increases hormone levels that enhance fertility.
Endometriosis can cause scarring and adhesions that affect the
reproductive organs, leading to infertility.
11. Describe how hypoglycemia symptoms can impact a person's daily activities.
Symptoms are only relevant during exercise.
Symptoms have no effect on daily activities.
Symptoms only affect physical performance, not cognitive functions.
Symptoms like headache and irritability can hinder concentration
and productivity.
12. What is a symptom of testicular cancer?
Low back pain
Swollen testicle
Breast growth or soreness
Painless lump on or in the testicle
All of the above
13. Describe the demographic most affected by benign prostatic hyperplasia
(BPH) and its implications.
BPH is primarily a condition found in young males with no serious
implications.
BPH affects both genders equally and has no significant symptoms.
BPH is a rare condition that affects only elderly females.
BPH is more common in older males, which can lead to urinary
issues.
