HESI (Latest Update )
Pharmacology Evolve Questions &
Answers {Grade A} 100% Correct
A client receives pancuronium, a long-acting, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker,
during surgical anesthesia. Which client situation should alert the nurse to evaluate
the client for a prolonged muscle relaxation response to this medication?
A. Hepatitis
B. Heart failure
C. Renal insufficiency
D. History of emphysema - correct answer C. Renal insufficiency
Pancuronium is eliminated via the kidneys, so a client with renal failure is at risk for
prolonged muscle relaxation. Although hepatitis can interfere with this drug's
metabolism, it does not place a client at increased risk for prolonged muscle
relaxation. Options B and D do not cause prolonged muscle relaxation in a client who
receives pancuronium.
,The health care provider prescribes the anticonvulsant carbamazepine for an
adolescent client with a seizure disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to notify
the health care provider if which condition occurs?
A. Experiences dry mouth.
B. Experiences dizziness.
C. Develops a sore throat.
D. Develops gingival hyperplasia. - correct answer C. Develops a sore throat.
Blood dyscrasias (aplastic anemia, leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia) can be
an adverse effect of carbamazepine. Flulike symptoms, such as pallor, fatigue, sore
throat, and fever, are indications of such dyscrasias. Options A and B are expected
reactions. Option D is a side effect of phenytoin, not carbamazepine.
A psychiatric client is discharged from the hospital with a prescription for haloperidol.
Which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan for this
client?
,A. Take with antacids to reduce gastrointestinal irritation.
B. Use sunglasses and sunscreen when outdoors.
C. Eat foods low in fiber and salt.
D. Count the pulse before each dose. - correct answer B. Use sunglasses and
sunscreen when outdoors.
Photosensitivity is a common adverse effect of haloperidol (Haldol); therefore, the use
of sunglasses and sunscreen should be included in the discharge teaching for this
client. Options A, C, and D are not pertinent to client teaching regarding the use of
haloperidol (Haldol).
The nurse is reviewing prescribed medications with a female client who is preparing
for discharge. The client asks the nurse why the oral dose of an opioid analgesic is
higher than the IV dose that she received during hospitalization. Which response is
best for the nurse to provide?
A. A higher dose of analgesic medication may be needed after discharge.
, B. An error in the dose calculation may have occurred when the prescribed dose was
converted.
C. The doses should be the same unless the pain is not well controlled.
D. Oral forms of drugs must pass through the liver first, where more of the dose is
metabolized. - correct answer D. Oral forms of drugs must pass through the liver first,
where more of the dose is metabolized.
Oral doses of medication are usually larger than parenteral doses to compensate for
the first-pass effect in the liver after oral administration, which metabolizes more of
the drug's dose before affecting its therapeutic response. Although recommended dose
ranges for adults should be individualized, a client's pain should be controlled at
discharge, not option A or C. Option B is inaccurate information to convey to the client.
The nurse is scheduling a client's antibiotic peak and trough levels with the laboratory
personnel. What is the best schedule for drawing the trough level?
A. Give the dose of medication, and call the laboratory to draw the trough STAT.
B. Arrange for the laboratory to draw the trough 1 hour after the dose is given.
Pharmacology Evolve Questions &
Answers {Grade A} 100% Correct
A client receives pancuronium, a long-acting, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker,
during surgical anesthesia. Which client situation should alert the nurse to evaluate
the client for a prolonged muscle relaxation response to this medication?
A. Hepatitis
B. Heart failure
C. Renal insufficiency
D. History of emphysema - correct answer C. Renal insufficiency
Pancuronium is eliminated via the kidneys, so a client with renal failure is at risk for
prolonged muscle relaxation. Although hepatitis can interfere with this drug's
metabolism, it does not place a client at increased risk for prolonged muscle
relaxation. Options B and D do not cause prolonged muscle relaxation in a client who
receives pancuronium.
,The health care provider prescribes the anticonvulsant carbamazepine for an
adolescent client with a seizure disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to notify
the health care provider if which condition occurs?
A. Experiences dry mouth.
B. Experiences dizziness.
C. Develops a sore throat.
D. Develops gingival hyperplasia. - correct answer C. Develops a sore throat.
Blood dyscrasias (aplastic anemia, leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia) can be
an adverse effect of carbamazepine. Flulike symptoms, such as pallor, fatigue, sore
throat, and fever, are indications of such dyscrasias. Options A and B are expected
reactions. Option D is a side effect of phenytoin, not carbamazepine.
A psychiatric client is discharged from the hospital with a prescription for haloperidol.
Which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan for this
client?
,A. Take with antacids to reduce gastrointestinal irritation.
B. Use sunglasses and sunscreen when outdoors.
C. Eat foods low in fiber and salt.
D. Count the pulse before each dose. - correct answer B. Use sunglasses and
sunscreen when outdoors.
Photosensitivity is a common adverse effect of haloperidol (Haldol); therefore, the use
of sunglasses and sunscreen should be included in the discharge teaching for this
client. Options A, C, and D are not pertinent to client teaching regarding the use of
haloperidol (Haldol).
The nurse is reviewing prescribed medications with a female client who is preparing
for discharge. The client asks the nurse why the oral dose of an opioid analgesic is
higher than the IV dose that she received during hospitalization. Which response is
best for the nurse to provide?
A. A higher dose of analgesic medication may be needed after discharge.
, B. An error in the dose calculation may have occurred when the prescribed dose was
converted.
C. The doses should be the same unless the pain is not well controlled.
D. Oral forms of drugs must pass through the liver first, where more of the dose is
metabolized. - correct answer D. Oral forms of drugs must pass through the liver first,
where more of the dose is metabolized.
Oral doses of medication are usually larger than parenteral doses to compensate for
the first-pass effect in the liver after oral administration, which metabolizes more of
the drug's dose before affecting its therapeutic response. Although recommended dose
ranges for adults should be individualized, a client's pain should be controlled at
discharge, not option A or C. Option B is inaccurate information to convey to the client.
The nurse is scheduling a client's antibiotic peak and trough levels with the laboratory
personnel. What is the best schedule for drawing the trough level?
A. Give the dose of medication, and call the laboratory to draw the trough STAT.
B. Arrange for the laboratory to draw the trough 1 hour after the dose is given.
