HESI PN Fundamentals Exam (2026) – NGN Case Scenarios Nursing.
Safety & Infection Control
1. A client is on contact precautions for Clostridioides difficile. Which action by the
PN is correct?
A. Wear an N95 respirator when entering the room.
B. Don a clean gown and gloves before entering.
C. Use alcohol-based hand rub after removing gloves.
D. Keep the door closed at all times.
Answer: B
Rationale: Contact precautions require gown and gloves for all interactions. C. diff
spores are not killed by alcohol hand rub; soap and water is required. N95 is for
airborne precautions.
2. The PN is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of tuberculosis. Which type of
precautions should be initiated?
A. Contact precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Airborne precautions
,D. Standard precautions only
Answer: C
Rationale: TB is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei. Airborne precautions
include an N95 respirator and negative pressure room.
3. A client falls while attempting to get out of bed unassisted. What is the PN’s
priority action?
A. Complete an incident report.
B. Notify the charge nurse.
C. Assess the client for injury.
D. Place the client in a wheelchair.
Answer: C
Rationale: Assessment of the client’s condition is always the first priority. Then
notify the nurse, document, and complete an incident report.
4. Which client is at highest risk for a fall?
A. 65-year-old with well-controlled hypertension
B. 45-year-old postoperative day 2 from knee surgery
,C. 80-year-old receiving a hypnotic medication at bedtime
D. 30-year-old with migraine headache
Answer: C
Rationale: Older adults receiving sedatives/hypnotics (e.g., zolpidem) are at high
fall risk due to dizziness and confusion.
5. The PN is applying restraints to a confused client. Which action is correct?
A. Tie restraints to the side rail for easy access.
B. Apply restraints tightly to prevent movement.
C. Secure restraints to the bed frame using a quick-release knot.
D. Leave restraints on for 8 hours to minimize disturbances.
Answer: C
Rationale: Restraints must be secured to the bed frame (not side rails) with a
quick-release knot and reassessed every 1–2 hours.
(Questions 6–10 – Basic Care & Comfort)
, 6. A client with left-sided weakness after a stroke is learning to use a cane. The PN
instructs the client to hold the cane in which hand?
A. Left hand
B. Right hand
C. Either hand
D. Opposite side of the weak leg
Answer: B
Rationale: Cane is held on the strong side (right hand for left-sided weakness) to
provide support and stability.
7. The PN is providing perineal care to a female client with an indwelling urinary
catheter. Which technique is correct?
A. Clean the meatus with circular motions toward the vagina.
B. Clean from the anal area toward the urethra.
C. Clean the catheter tubing from the meatus outward.
D. Use the same swab for the perineum and the anal area.
Answer: C
Safety & Infection Control
1. A client is on contact precautions for Clostridioides difficile. Which action by the
PN is correct?
A. Wear an N95 respirator when entering the room.
B. Don a clean gown and gloves before entering.
C. Use alcohol-based hand rub after removing gloves.
D. Keep the door closed at all times.
Answer: B
Rationale: Contact precautions require gown and gloves for all interactions. C. diff
spores are not killed by alcohol hand rub; soap and water is required. N95 is for
airborne precautions.
2. The PN is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of tuberculosis. Which type of
precautions should be initiated?
A. Contact precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Airborne precautions
,D. Standard precautions only
Answer: C
Rationale: TB is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei. Airborne precautions
include an N95 respirator and negative pressure room.
3. A client falls while attempting to get out of bed unassisted. What is the PN’s
priority action?
A. Complete an incident report.
B. Notify the charge nurse.
C. Assess the client for injury.
D. Place the client in a wheelchair.
Answer: C
Rationale: Assessment of the client’s condition is always the first priority. Then
notify the nurse, document, and complete an incident report.
4. Which client is at highest risk for a fall?
A. 65-year-old with well-controlled hypertension
B. 45-year-old postoperative day 2 from knee surgery
,C. 80-year-old receiving a hypnotic medication at bedtime
D. 30-year-old with migraine headache
Answer: C
Rationale: Older adults receiving sedatives/hypnotics (e.g., zolpidem) are at high
fall risk due to dizziness and confusion.
5. The PN is applying restraints to a confused client. Which action is correct?
A. Tie restraints to the side rail for easy access.
B. Apply restraints tightly to prevent movement.
C. Secure restraints to the bed frame using a quick-release knot.
D. Leave restraints on for 8 hours to minimize disturbances.
Answer: C
Rationale: Restraints must be secured to the bed frame (not side rails) with a
quick-release knot and reassessed every 1–2 hours.
(Questions 6–10 – Basic Care & Comfort)
, 6. A client with left-sided weakness after a stroke is learning to use a cane. The PN
instructs the client to hold the cane in which hand?
A. Left hand
B. Right hand
C. Either hand
D. Opposite side of the weak leg
Answer: B
Rationale: Cane is held on the strong side (right hand for left-sided weakness) to
provide support and stability.
7. The PN is providing perineal care to a female client with an indwelling urinary
catheter. Which technique is correct?
A. Clean the meatus with circular motions toward the vagina.
B. Clean from the anal area toward the urethra.
C. Clean the catheter tubing from the meatus outward.
D. Use the same swab for the perineum and the anal area.
Answer: C
