HONDROS NURSING 150 EXAM 2
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Stage I Pressure Injury - ANS A non-blanchable erythema of intact skin, indicating potential
damage to the skin's underlying layers.
Stage II Pressure Injury - ANS Partial thickness loss of skin, presenting as a shallow open ulcer
with a red-pink wound bed, without slough.
Stage III Pressure Injury - ANS Full thickness tissue loss, where subcutaneous fat may be
visible, but bone, tendon, or muscle are not exposed.
Stage IV Pressure Injury - ANS Full thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon, or
muscle, and often includes undermining and tunneling.
What are interventions for patients at risk for pressure injuries? - ANS Interventions include
regular repositioning of the patient, using pressure-relieving devices (like specialized
mattresses), maintaining skin hygiene, ensuring adequate nutrition and hydration, and
conducting regular skin assessments.
What should be done for patients with active pressure injuries? - ANS For patients with active
pressure injuries, treatment includes cleaning the wound, applying appropriate dressings,
managing pain, ensuring proper nutrition for healing, and possibly using advanced therapies like
negative pressure wound therapy.
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 16
,What is the role of repositioning in preventing pressure injuries? - ANS Repositioning helps to
relieve pressure on vulnerable areas of the skin, reducing the risk of tissue ischemia and
subsequent injury.
What types of pressure-relieving devices are used? - ANS Types of pressure-relieving devices
include foam mattresses, air-filled cushions, and specialized beds that alternate pressure points.
Why is nutrition important in preventing pressure injuries? - ANS Adequate nutrition is
crucial as it supports skin integrity and healing processes, helping to prevent the development
of pressure injuries.
Signs of an infected wound - ANS Common signs include redness, swelling, warmth, pain, pus
or other drainage, and sometimes fever.
Specimens (label) - ANS Specimens should be properly labeled with the patient's name, date,
time of collection, and type of specimen to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Orders expected for patients with infection - ANS Orders may include blood cultures, wound
cultures, imaging studies, and prescriptions for antibiotics or other treatments.
Braden Scale - ANS A tool used to assess a patient's risk of developing pressure ulcers.
Purpose of the Braden Scale - ANS To identify individuals at risk for pressure injuries to
implement preventive measures.
When to use the Braden Scale - ANS Typically used upon patient admission and periodically
during hospitalization.
Categories of the Braden Scale - ANS Includes sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility,
nutrition, and friction/shear.
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, Sensory Perception - ANS Assesses the patient's ability to respond to pressure-related
discomfort.
Moisture Category - ANS Evaluates the degree of moisture on the skin, which can affect skin
integrity.
Activity Category - ANS Measures the level of physical activity of the patient.
Mobility Category - ANS Assesses the patient's ability to change and control body position.
Nutrition Category - ANS Evaluates the patient's nutritional status and its impact on skin
health.
Friction/Shear Category - ANS Assesses the risk of skin damage due to friction and shear
forces.
Ice therapy - ANS A method used to reduce swelling and numb pain by applying cold to an
injured area.
Heat therapy - ANS A technique that involves applying warmth to relax muscles and improve
blood flow to an affected area.
When to use ice therapy - ANS Recommended immediately after an injury or during acute
inflammation to minimize swelling and pain.
When to use heat therapy - ANS Best used for chronic pain or muscle stiffness to promote
relaxation and increase circulation.
Contrast therapy - ANS A treatment that alternates between ice and heat applications to
enhance recovery and reduce pain.
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 16
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Stage I Pressure Injury - ANS A non-blanchable erythema of intact skin, indicating potential
damage to the skin's underlying layers.
Stage II Pressure Injury - ANS Partial thickness loss of skin, presenting as a shallow open ulcer
with a red-pink wound bed, without slough.
Stage III Pressure Injury - ANS Full thickness tissue loss, where subcutaneous fat may be
visible, but bone, tendon, or muscle are not exposed.
Stage IV Pressure Injury - ANS Full thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon, or
muscle, and often includes undermining and tunneling.
What are interventions for patients at risk for pressure injuries? - ANS Interventions include
regular repositioning of the patient, using pressure-relieving devices (like specialized
mattresses), maintaining skin hygiene, ensuring adequate nutrition and hydration, and
conducting regular skin assessments.
What should be done for patients with active pressure injuries? - ANS For patients with active
pressure injuries, treatment includes cleaning the wound, applying appropriate dressings,
managing pain, ensuring proper nutrition for healing, and possibly using advanced therapies like
negative pressure wound therapy.
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 16
,What is the role of repositioning in preventing pressure injuries? - ANS Repositioning helps to
relieve pressure on vulnerable areas of the skin, reducing the risk of tissue ischemia and
subsequent injury.
What types of pressure-relieving devices are used? - ANS Types of pressure-relieving devices
include foam mattresses, air-filled cushions, and specialized beds that alternate pressure points.
Why is nutrition important in preventing pressure injuries? - ANS Adequate nutrition is
crucial as it supports skin integrity and healing processes, helping to prevent the development
of pressure injuries.
Signs of an infected wound - ANS Common signs include redness, swelling, warmth, pain, pus
or other drainage, and sometimes fever.
Specimens (label) - ANS Specimens should be properly labeled with the patient's name, date,
time of collection, and type of specimen to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Orders expected for patients with infection - ANS Orders may include blood cultures, wound
cultures, imaging studies, and prescriptions for antibiotics or other treatments.
Braden Scale - ANS A tool used to assess a patient's risk of developing pressure ulcers.
Purpose of the Braden Scale - ANS To identify individuals at risk for pressure injuries to
implement preventive measures.
When to use the Braden Scale - ANS Typically used upon patient admission and periodically
during hospitalization.
Categories of the Braden Scale - ANS Includes sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility,
nutrition, and friction/shear.
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 16
, Sensory Perception - ANS Assesses the patient's ability to respond to pressure-related
discomfort.
Moisture Category - ANS Evaluates the degree of moisture on the skin, which can affect skin
integrity.
Activity Category - ANS Measures the level of physical activity of the patient.
Mobility Category - ANS Assesses the patient's ability to change and control body position.
Nutrition Category - ANS Evaluates the patient's nutritional status and its impact on skin
health.
Friction/Shear Category - ANS Assesses the risk of skin damage due to friction and shear
forces.
Ice therapy - ANS A method used to reduce swelling and numb pain by applying cold to an
injured area.
Heat therapy - ANS A technique that involves applying warmth to relax muscles and improve
blood flow to an affected area.
When to use ice therapy - ANS Recommended immediately after an injury or during acute
inflammation to minimize swelling and pain.
When to use heat therapy - ANS Best used for chronic pain or muscle stiffness to promote
relaxation and increase circulation.
Contrast therapy - ANS A treatment that alternates between ice and heat applications to
enhance recovery and reduce pain.
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 16
