NURSING 150- EXAM #1 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
Definition of inflammation? - ANS Non-specific but complex response to reduce the effects of
what the body sees as harmful.
What are some reasons inflammation occurs? - ANS Injury, infection, autoimmune disease,
pathogens, damaged cells, and irritants
Pathophysiology of Ulcerative Colitis? - ANS It is an autoimmune disorder that causes ulcers
to form on the top lining of the colon and rectum. The ulcers can bleed.
What is the etiology of Ulcerative Colitis? - ANS They do not know the exact cause of
ulcerative colitis but it is seen to be caused by:
- Genetics
- Immunity
- Viruses
- Environment
Clinical manifestations for Ulcerative Colitis:
Pain - where?
Stool - what is it like?
Weight loss - why?
Fatigue
What else? - ANS Pain: Left lower quadrant
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 39
,Stool: Bloody, diarrhea stools
Weight loss: Loss of fluids so quickly because of so much diarrhea
Nausea
Grumpy
How many stools could a person with Ulcerative Colitis have during a flare-up? - ANS 10-20
BM a day
*Most people that you see in the hospital are there because they are having a flare up
When you are assessing someone with Ulcerative Colitis, what is common? -
ANS Hyperactive bowel sounds
What lab tests would be done to diagnose Ulcerative Colitis? - ANS CBC, Electrolytes, ESR
(Erythrocyte sedimentation rate), CRP (C-reactive protein)
If someone has Ulcerative Colitis, what would CBC levels show? - ANS - Increased WBC
- Decreased RBC
- Decreased H&H
- Keep an eye on platelet count
What are the normal electrolyte levels for potassium and magnesium? - ANS Potassium - 3.5
to 5.1
Magnesium - 1.9 to 2.7
What two lab tests for ulcerative colitis show inflammation? - ANS Erythrocyte sedimentation
rate and C-reactive protein
What are the 4 tests that can be done to diagnose ulcerative colitis? - ANS - Colonoscopy
(Best way to diagnose ulcerative colitis)
- Sigmoidoscopy
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 39
,- Barium enema
- CT Scan/MRI (Common test done in ER if person has S&S)
What is the best way to diagnose ulcerative colitis? - ANS Colonoscopy
- It cannot be done during a flare up
- When a person gets back from a colonoscopy, continue checking S&S for a perforated bowel
X-ray exam that can detect changes or abnormalities in the large intestine. An enema is the
injection of a liquid into your rectum through a small tube - ANS Barium enema
- Make sure person passes barium or it can harden inside bowel (Drink a lot of fluid)
- Barium is clay colored ; May take stool a few days to return back to normal after procedure
Drug #1 for ulcerative colitis:
- GI anti inflammatory drugs that affect the GI
- First line of defense drugs
- A maintenance medication that the person will take long term - ANS Aminosalicylates
otherwise known as 5-ASA
- Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
- Mesalamine (Pentasa, Rowasa, Asacol HD)
Drug #2 for ulcerative colitis:
- A systemic steroid that is used to treat all types of inflammation
- Used for initial flare ups and not long-term use - ANS Corticosteroids
- Prednisone
- Budesonide
*If patient is on steroids, you have to taper them off for the body to adjust to not being on them
What is the IV form called for corticosteroids? - ANS Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
*Can cause high blood sugar so you have to check the patients blood sugar
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 39
, Drug #3 for ulcerative colitis:
- Used to get rid of inflammation
- The patient has to take the medication 3 to 6 months for the pills to work at there full
therapeutic affect - ANS Immunomodulators
- Azathioprine (Imuran)
- Cyclosporine (Sandimmune)
Drug #4 for ulcerative colitis:
- Trying to alter the immune response - ANS Biologic therapy
- Infliximab (Remicade)
- Adalimumab (Humira)
Drug #5 for ulcerative colitis:
- Used to prevent infection/lower intestinal bacteria - ANS Antibiotics
- Flagyl *Most commonly used for GI
- Cipro
What diet would someone be on with ulcerative colitis? - ANS NPO/Clear liquid advance to
reg diet as tolerated
*TPN is used for people who are NPO long term
What surgeries can be performed to help treat ulcerative colitis? - ANS - Total
proctocolectomy with permanent ileostomy (Removal of the colon, rectum, and anus)
- Total colectomy with ileoanal anastamosis (The large intestine is bypassed and the lower
portion of the small intestine is directly attached to the anal canal)
- Total colectomy with continent ileostomy
T or F ; 20-40% of people with ulcerative colitis will have surgery to remove their colon. -
ANS True!
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 4 OF 39
AND ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
Definition of inflammation? - ANS Non-specific but complex response to reduce the effects of
what the body sees as harmful.
What are some reasons inflammation occurs? - ANS Injury, infection, autoimmune disease,
pathogens, damaged cells, and irritants
Pathophysiology of Ulcerative Colitis? - ANS It is an autoimmune disorder that causes ulcers
to form on the top lining of the colon and rectum. The ulcers can bleed.
What is the etiology of Ulcerative Colitis? - ANS They do not know the exact cause of
ulcerative colitis but it is seen to be caused by:
- Genetics
- Immunity
- Viruses
- Environment
Clinical manifestations for Ulcerative Colitis:
Pain - where?
Stool - what is it like?
Weight loss - why?
Fatigue
What else? - ANS Pain: Left lower quadrant
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 39
,Stool: Bloody, diarrhea stools
Weight loss: Loss of fluids so quickly because of so much diarrhea
Nausea
Grumpy
How many stools could a person with Ulcerative Colitis have during a flare-up? - ANS 10-20
BM a day
*Most people that you see in the hospital are there because they are having a flare up
When you are assessing someone with Ulcerative Colitis, what is common? -
ANS Hyperactive bowel sounds
What lab tests would be done to diagnose Ulcerative Colitis? - ANS CBC, Electrolytes, ESR
(Erythrocyte sedimentation rate), CRP (C-reactive protein)
If someone has Ulcerative Colitis, what would CBC levels show? - ANS - Increased WBC
- Decreased RBC
- Decreased H&H
- Keep an eye on platelet count
What are the normal electrolyte levels for potassium and magnesium? - ANS Potassium - 3.5
to 5.1
Magnesium - 1.9 to 2.7
What two lab tests for ulcerative colitis show inflammation? - ANS Erythrocyte sedimentation
rate and C-reactive protein
What are the 4 tests that can be done to diagnose ulcerative colitis? - ANS - Colonoscopy
(Best way to diagnose ulcerative colitis)
- Sigmoidoscopy
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 39
,- Barium enema
- CT Scan/MRI (Common test done in ER if person has S&S)
What is the best way to diagnose ulcerative colitis? - ANS Colonoscopy
- It cannot be done during a flare up
- When a person gets back from a colonoscopy, continue checking S&S for a perforated bowel
X-ray exam that can detect changes or abnormalities in the large intestine. An enema is the
injection of a liquid into your rectum through a small tube - ANS Barium enema
- Make sure person passes barium or it can harden inside bowel (Drink a lot of fluid)
- Barium is clay colored ; May take stool a few days to return back to normal after procedure
Drug #1 for ulcerative colitis:
- GI anti inflammatory drugs that affect the GI
- First line of defense drugs
- A maintenance medication that the person will take long term - ANS Aminosalicylates
otherwise known as 5-ASA
- Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
- Mesalamine (Pentasa, Rowasa, Asacol HD)
Drug #2 for ulcerative colitis:
- A systemic steroid that is used to treat all types of inflammation
- Used for initial flare ups and not long-term use - ANS Corticosteroids
- Prednisone
- Budesonide
*If patient is on steroids, you have to taper them off for the body to adjust to not being on them
What is the IV form called for corticosteroids? - ANS Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
*Can cause high blood sugar so you have to check the patients blood sugar
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 39
, Drug #3 for ulcerative colitis:
- Used to get rid of inflammation
- The patient has to take the medication 3 to 6 months for the pills to work at there full
therapeutic affect - ANS Immunomodulators
- Azathioprine (Imuran)
- Cyclosporine (Sandimmune)
Drug #4 for ulcerative colitis:
- Trying to alter the immune response - ANS Biologic therapy
- Infliximab (Remicade)
- Adalimumab (Humira)
Drug #5 for ulcerative colitis:
- Used to prevent infection/lower intestinal bacteria - ANS Antibiotics
- Flagyl *Most commonly used for GI
- Cipro
What diet would someone be on with ulcerative colitis? - ANS NPO/Clear liquid advance to
reg diet as tolerated
*TPN is used for people who are NPO long term
What surgeries can be performed to help treat ulcerative colitis? - ANS - Total
proctocolectomy with permanent ileostomy (Removal of the colon, rectum, and anus)
- Total colectomy with ileoanal anastamosis (The large intestine is bypassed and the lower
portion of the small intestine is directly attached to the anal canal)
- Total colectomy with continent ileostomy
T or F ; 20-40% of people with ulcerative colitis will have surgery to remove their colon. -
ANS True!
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 4 OF 39
