Introduction to Computer Science - D684
1. abstract data a blueprint for organizing and working with data that defines what operations can
type be performed on the data without specifying how they are implemented
2. array a homogenous collection of items stored in a contiguous memory block, each
identified by an index number, allowing for efficient access to elements based on
their position
3. composite vari- a variable that can hold multiple pieces of data, often grouped together under a
able single name
4. container a data structure that holds a collection of elements, providing methods to add,
remove, and access items within it
5. data structure a way of organizing and storing data in a computer's memory designed to
facilitate the efficient retrieval, insertion, and deletion of data
6. Data Structures - A linear data structure where elements, called nodes, are connected using point-
Linked List ers instead of being stored in contiguous memory.
In languages like C, C++, or Java, linked lists are usually homogeneous because
each node is defined with a fixed data type.
In languages like Python or JavaScript, linked lists can store mixed data types in
different nodes, making them heterogeneous.
7. Linked Structure Any structure composed of elements connected by links or pointers, enabling
dynamic relationships among data elements.
8. Data Structures - A collection of items arranged in a linear sequence, allowing for easy access to
Lists and the insertion and deletion of elements.
A list can hold multiple elements, and depending on the language, the elements
may be of the same type or different types.
, Introduction to Computer Science - D684
9. Data Structures - A data structure that follows a first-in, first-out (FIFO) order where elements are
Queue added to the back and removed from the front.
10. Data Structures - A record is a collection of related data items, usually of different types, grouped
Record together as a single unit.
A record can hold multiple fields or attributes, such as strings, numbers, and
booleans, each with its own data type.
11. Data Structures - A stack is a linear data structure that follows the Last In, First Out (LIFO) principle,
Stack meaning the last item added is the first to be removed.
12. asynchronous a type of operation that runs independently of the main program flow, allowing
additional tasks to happen without waiting for others to complete
13. bytecode a low-level, platform-independent code that is executed by a virtual machine,
typically produced by compiling source code
14. case sensitive when a programming language treats uppercase and lowercase letters as differ-
ent characters
15. Object Oriented A blueprint for creating objects in object-oriented programming that defines the
Programming - properties and behaviors the objects will have.
Class
16. Compiler A tool that translates source code written in a high-level programming language
into machine code or bytecode that a computer can execute.
17. Object Oriented Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit (a class)
Programming - and restricting access to some of the object's components.
Encapsulation
18. A variable associated with a class or object that represents a piece of data stored
in that object.
, Introduction to Computer Science - D684
Object Oriented
Programming -
Field
19. Object Oriented The creation of a new class based on an existing class, inheriting its properties
Programming - and methods while adding new ones or modifying existing ones.
Inheritance
20. Object Oriented The process of creating a specific instance of a class, resulting in an object.
Programming -
Instantiate
21. Interpreter A tool that executes source code directly and translates it into machine code in real
time rather than compiling it before.
22. Object Oriented a function defined within a class that describes the behaviors or actions an object
Programming - can perform
Method
23. Object Oriented An instance of a class containing data and methods defined by the class, repre-
Programming - senting a specific entity in a program
Object
24. Paradigm A style or approach to programming—such as object-oriented, procedural, or
functional programming—that dictates how code is structured and organized.
25. Object Oriented A concept that allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a
Programming - common superclass.
Polymorphism
26. strong typing a feature in which each variable has a specific type and you must follow strict rules
about how types are used and combined, helping prevent errors in your code
27. An imperative model in which the statements are grouped into subprograms.
1. abstract data a blueprint for organizing and working with data that defines what operations can
type be performed on the data without specifying how they are implemented
2. array a homogenous collection of items stored in a contiguous memory block, each
identified by an index number, allowing for efficient access to elements based on
their position
3. composite vari- a variable that can hold multiple pieces of data, often grouped together under a
able single name
4. container a data structure that holds a collection of elements, providing methods to add,
remove, and access items within it
5. data structure a way of organizing and storing data in a computer's memory designed to
facilitate the efficient retrieval, insertion, and deletion of data
6. Data Structures - A linear data structure where elements, called nodes, are connected using point-
Linked List ers instead of being stored in contiguous memory.
In languages like C, C++, or Java, linked lists are usually homogeneous because
each node is defined with a fixed data type.
In languages like Python or JavaScript, linked lists can store mixed data types in
different nodes, making them heterogeneous.
7. Linked Structure Any structure composed of elements connected by links or pointers, enabling
dynamic relationships among data elements.
8. Data Structures - A collection of items arranged in a linear sequence, allowing for easy access to
Lists and the insertion and deletion of elements.
A list can hold multiple elements, and depending on the language, the elements
may be of the same type or different types.
, Introduction to Computer Science - D684
9. Data Structures - A data structure that follows a first-in, first-out (FIFO) order where elements are
Queue added to the back and removed from the front.
10. Data Structures - A record is a collection of related data items, usually of different types, grouped
Record together as a single unit.
A record can hold multiple fields or attributes, such as strings, numbers, and
booleans, each with its own data type.
11. Data Structures - A stack is a linear data structure that follows the Last In, First Out (LIFO) principle,
Stack meaning the last item added is the first to be removed.
12. asynchronous a type of operation that runs independently of the main program flow, allowing
additional tasks to happen without waiting for others to complete
13. bytecode a low-level, platform-independent code that is executed by a virtual machine,
typically produced by compiling source code
14. case sensitive when a programming language treats uppercase and lowercase letters as differ-
ent characters
15. Object Oriented A blueprint for creating objects in object-oriented programming that defines the
Programming - properties and behaviors the objects will have.
Class
16. Compiler A tool that translates source code written in a high-level programming language
into machine code or bytecode that a computer can execute.
17. Object Oriented Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit (a class)
Programming - and restricting access to some of the object's components.
Encapsulation
18. A variable associated with a class or object that represents a piece of data stored
in that object.
, Introduction to Computer Science - D684
Object Oriented
Programming -
Field
19. Object Oriented The creation of a new class based on an existing class, inheriting its properties
Programming - and methods while adding new ones or modifying existing ones.
Inheritance
20. Object Oriented The process of creating a specific instance of a class, resulting in an object.
Programming -
Instantiate
21. Interpreter A tool that executes source code directly and translates it into machine code in real
time rather than compiling it before.
22. Object Oriented a function defined within a class that describes the behaviors or actions an object
Programming - can perform
Method
23. Object Oriented An instance of a class containing data and methods defined by the class, repre-
Programming - senting a specific entity in a program
Object
24. Paradigm A style or approach to programming—such as object-oriented, procedural, or
functional programming—that dictates how code is structured and organized.
25. Object Oriented A concept that allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a
Programming - common superclass.
Polymorphism
26. strong typing a feature in which each variable has a specific type and you must follow strict rules
about how types are used and combined, helping prevent errors in your code
27. An imperative model in which the statements are grouped into subprograms.
