MAR220 Final Exam Questions And
Answers
1. The complement DNA sequence to AACTGGATT is
TTGACCTAA
2. If this sequence AACTGGATT is transcribed into RNA, the RNA sequence
is
UUGACCUAA
3. Genomic DNA is ____________, resulting in the production of
______________.
transcribed ; mRNA
4. These codons CCA, CCC, CCG, and CCU code for the amino acid?
Proline (Pro)
5. DNA exists in a double-stranded form whereas RNA is mainly a single
stranded molecule. What is the likely reason for DNA being double
stranded?
Because of hydrogen bonds between the complimentary bases
6. What are the functions of proteins in a cell? (be able to pick what is NOT)
-structural
-metabolic/enzyme
-transport
-immune defense
-regulation
-motion
-storage
-signaling
, 7. What cell structures are made from protein molecules? (be able to pick what is
NOT)
-Ribosomes (structural proteins + rRNA)
-Cytoskeleton (actin filaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments)
-Cell membrane (channels, receptors, carrier proteins)
-Nuclear pore complexes
-Centrioles/spindle fibers (tubulin)
-Flagella & cilia (dynein, tubulin)
-Chromatin (histone proteins wrap DNA)
7. function of the organelles?
-Nucleus — stores DNA; controls cell activity
-Ribosome — synthesizes proteins
-Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum — processes & transports proteins
-Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum — synthesizes lipids; detoxifies
-Golgi apparatus — packages & ships proteins/lipids
-Mitochondria — produces ATP
-Lysosome — digests waste & foreign material
-Vacuole — stores water, nutrients, or waste
-Chloroplast (plants) — performs photosynthesis
-Cell membrane — controls what enters/exits the cell
-Cell wall (plants/fungi) — provides rigid structural support
-Centriole — organizes cell division (mitosis/meiosis)
-Peroxisome — breaks down fatty acids; neutralizes toxins
8. Information about the structure of fatty acids is stored in the DNA as:
genes that encode proteins/enzymes that synthesize fatty acids
9. things about carbohydrates that are correct:
-Primary function is energy storage and supply
-monomers = monosaccharides - single-unit sugars for energy (glucose, fructose)
-polymers - polysaccharides - complex, long-chain polymers of many monosaccharides
for energy storage and structure (starch, cellulose, chitin)
-make up proteins and lipids
-Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
-Polysaccharides are broken down by hydrolysis
Answers
1. The complement DNA sequence to AACTGGATT is
TTGACCTAA
2. If this sequence AACTGGATT is transcribed into RNA, the RNA sequence
is
UUGACCUAA
3. Genomic DNA is ____________, resulting in the production of
______________.
transcribed ; mRNA
4. These codons CCA, CCC, CCG, and CCU code for the amino acid?
Proline (Pro)
5. DNA exists in a double-stranded form whereas RNA is mainly a single
stranded molecule. What is the likely reason for DNA being double
stranded?
Because of hydrogen bonds between the complimentary bases
6. What are the functions of proteins in a cell? (be able to pick what is NOT)
-structural
-metabolic/enzyme
-transport
-immune defense
-regulation
-motion
-storage
-signaling
, 7. What cell structures are made from protein molecules? (be able to pick what is
NOT)
-Ribosomes (structural proteins + rRNA)
-Cytoskeleton (actin filaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments)
-Cell membrane (channels, receptors, carrier proteins)
-Nuclear pore complexes
-Centrioles/spindle fibers (tubulin)
-Flagella & cilia (dynein, tubulin)
-Chromatin (histone proteins wrap DNA)
7. function of the organelles?
-Nucleus — stores DNA; controls cell activity
-Ribosome — synthesizes proteins
-Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum — processes & transports proteins
-Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum — synthesizes lipids; detoxifies
-Golgi apparatus — packages & ships proteins/lipids
-Mitochondria — produces ATP
-Lysosome — digests waste & foreign material
-Vacuole — stores water, nutrients, or waste
-Chloroplast (plants) — performs photosynthesis
-Cell membrane — controls what enters/exits the cell
-Cell wall (plants/fungi) — provides rigid structural support
-Centriole — organizes cell division (mitosis/meiosis)
-Peroxisome — breaks down fatty acids; neutralizes toxins
8. Information about the structure of fatty acids is stored in the DNA as:
genes that encode proteins/enzymes that synthesize fatty acids
9. things about carbohydrates that are correct:
-Primary function is energy storage and supply
-monomers = monosaccharides - single-unit sugars for energy (glucose, fructose)
-polymers - polysaccharides - complex, long-chain polymers of many monosaccharides
for energy storage and structure (starch, cellulose, chitin)
-make up proteins and lipids
-Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
-Polysaccharides are broken down by hydrolysis
