2026/2027
Herzing University NSG 223
Medical-Surgical Nursing II Exam 1
Comprehensive Study Guide and
Test Bank Review 2026/2027 Edition
Question 1
What are the three phases of the perioperative experience?
A. Admission, surgery, discharge
B. Preoperative, Intraoperative, Postoperative
C. Assessment, diagnosis, treatment
D. Acute, chronic, recovery
Correct Answer: B. Preoperative, Intraoperative, Postoperative
Rationale:
The perioperative experience is classically divided into three phases: preoperative,
intraoperative, and postoperative. The preoperative phase involves preparation of the
patient physically and psychologically before surgery. The intraoperative phase
begins when the patient enters the operating room and ends when they are transferred
to recovery. The postoperative phase focuses on recovery, monitoring, and
complication prevention.
Question 2
The primary focus of the preoperative phase is:
A. Surgical incision and anesthesia
B. Recovery and rehabilitation
C. Preparing the patient physically and psychologically
D. Discharge planning only
Correct Answer: C. Preparing the patient physically and psychologically
Rationale:
The preoperative phase ensures that the patient is fully prepared for surgery. This
includes physical preparation such as fasting and lab tests, as well as psychological
preparation such as education and anxiety reduction. Options A and B occur in later
phases, while discharge planning is part of postoperative care.
Question 3
,2026/2027
When does the intraoperative phase begin?
A. When anesthesia starts
B. When the patient enters the surgical suite
C. When surgery is completed
D. When the incision heals
Correct Answer: B. When the patient enters the surgical suite
Rationale:
The intraoperative phase begins when the patient enters the operating room and ends
when they are transferred to the recovery unit. It focuses on maintaining sterility,
safety, and physiological stability during surgery.
Question 4
The main focus of intraoperative nursing care is:
A. Discharge planning
B. Sterility, safety, and physiological monitoring
C. Nutritional support
D. Long-term rehabilitation
Correct Answer: B. Sterility, safety, and physiological monitoring
Rationale:
Intraoperative care prioritizes patient safety, sterile technique, and continuous
monitoring of vital signs. This ensures prevention of infection and immediate
response to physiological changes during surgery.
Question 5
The postoperative phase focuses on:
A. Diagnosis
B. Recovery and complication prevention
C. Surgery planning
D. Laboratory testing only
Correct Answer: B. Recovery and complication prevention
Rationale:
Postoperative care includes monitoring recovery, managing pain, preventing
complications such as infection or hemorrhage, and ensuring stable physiological
status before discharge.
Question 6
,2026/2027
A diagnostic surgery is performed to:
A. Remove tumors
B. Repair organs
C. Determine the cause of a disorder
D. Relieve pain only
Correct Answer: C. Determine the cause of a disorder
Rationale:
Diagnostic surgeries are performed to identify the cause of a disease or confirm a
diagnosis. They are not primarily therapeutic but help guide treatment decisions.
Question 7
A curative surgery aims to:
A. Improve mobility
B. Relieve symptoms only
C. Remove or correct the cause of disease
D. Provide palliative care
Correct Answer: C. Remove or correct the cause of disease
Rationale:
Curative surgery eliminates the underlying pathology, such as tumor removal or repair
of damaged organs, thereby resolving the condition.
Question 8
Restorative surgery is intended to:
A. Diagnose disease
B. Improve functional ability
C. Treat infections only
D. Replace medications
Correct Answer: B. Improve functional ability
Rationale:
Restorative surgeries aim to restore function, such as joint reconstruction or repair of
deformities, improving patient mobility and quality of life.
Question 9
Palliative surgery is best described as:
, 2026/2027
A. Curative treatment
B. Diagnostic procedure
C. Symptom relief without curing disease
D. Emergency surgery
Correct Answer: C. Symptom relief without curing disease
Rationale:
Palliative surgery focuses on relieving pain or symptoms but does not treat the
underlying disease, often used in terminal conditions.
Question 10
Elective surgery is:
A. Life-threatening emergency
B. Planned procedure not immediately urgent
C. Always diagnostic
D. Only performed in ICU
Correct Answer: B. Planned procedure not immediately urgent
Rationale:
Elective surgeries are scheduled in advance and are not emergencies. They are
performed based on patient and surgeon convenience.
Question 11
The nurse’s role in informed consent is to:
A. Explain surgery risks in detail
B. Obtain surgical approval
C. Clarify information and witness signature
D. Decide on surgery type
Correct Answer: C. Clarify information and witness signature
Rationale:
The nurse ensures the patient understands the procedure but does not provide medical
explanation or obtain consent. The surgeon is responsible for full disclosure.
Question 12
Which is required in informed consent?
A. Nurse signature only
B. Surgeon’s schedule
Herzing University NSG 223
Medical-Surgical Nursing II Exam 1
Comprehensive Study Guide and
Test Bank Review 2026/2027 Edition
Question 1
What are the three phases of the perioperative experience?
A. Admission, surgery, discharge
B. Preoperative, Intraoperative, Postoperative
C. Assessment, diagnosis, treatment
D. Acute, chronic, recovery
Correct Answer: B. Preoperative, Intraoperative, Postoperative
Rationale:
The perioperative experience is classically divided into three phases: preoperative,
intraoperative, and postoperative. The preoperative phase involves preparation of the
patient physically and psychologically before surgery. The intraoperative phase
begins when the patient enters the operating room and ends when they are transferred
to recovery. The postoperative phase focuses on recovery, monitoring, and
complication prevention.
Question 2
The primary focus of the preoperative phase is:
A. Surgical incision and anesthesia
B. Recovery and rehabilitation
C. Preparing the patient physically and psychologically
D. Discharge planning only
Correct Answer: C. Preparing the patient physically and psychologically
Rationale:
The preoperative phase ensures that the patient is fully prepared for surgery. This
includes physical preparation such as fasting and lab tests, as well as psychological
preparation such as education and anxiety reduction. Options A and B occur in later
phases, while discharge planning is part of postoperative care.
Question 3
,2026/2027
When does the intraoperative phase begin?
A. When anesthesia starts
B. When the patient enters the surgical suite
C. When surgery is completed
D. When the incision heals
Correct Answer: B. When the patient enters the surgical suite
Rationale:
The intraoperative phase begins when the patient enters the operating room and ends
when they are transferred to the recovery unit. It focuses on maintaining sterility,
safety, and physiological stability during surgery.
Question 4
The main focus of intraoperative nursing care is:
A. Discharge planning
B. Sterility, safety, and physiological monitoring
C. Nutritional support
D. Long-term rehabilitation
Correct Answer: B. Sterility, safety, and physiological monitoring
Rationale:
Intraoperative care prioritizes patient safety, sterile technique, and continuous
monitoring of vital signs. This ensures prevention of infection and immediate
response to physiological changes during surgery.
Question 5
The postoperative phase focuses on:
A. Diagnosis
B. Recovery and complication prevention
C. Surgery planning
D. Laboratory testing only
Correct Answer: B. Recovery and complication prevention
Rationale:
Postoperative care includes monitoring recovery, managing pain, preventing
complications such as infection or hemorrhage, and ensuring stable physiological
status before discharge.
Question 6
,2026/2027
A diagnostic surgery is performed to:
A. Remove tumors
B. Repair organs
C. Determine the cause of a disorder
D. Relieve pain only
Correct Answer: C. Determine the cause of a disorder
Rationale:
Diagnostic surgeries are performed to identify the cause of a disease or confirm a
diagnosis. They are not primarily therapeutic but help guide treatment decisions.
Question 7
A curative surgery aims to:
A. Improve mobility
B. Relieve symptoms only
C. Remove or correct the cause of disease
D. Provide palliative care
Correct Answer: C. Remove or correct the cause of disease
Rationale:
Curative surgery eliminates the underlying pathology, such as tumor removal or repair
of damaged organs, thereby resolving the condition.
Question 8
Restorative surgery is intended to:
A. Diagnose disease
B. Improve functional ability
C. Treat infections only
D. Replace medications
Correct Answer: B. Improve functional ability
Rationale:
Restorative surgeries aim to restore function, such as joint reconstruction or repair of
deformities, improving patient mobility and quality of life.
Question 9
Palliative surgery is best described as:
, 2026/2027
A. Curative treatment
B. Diagnostic procedure
C. Symptom relief without curing disease
D. Emergency surgery
Correct Answer: C. Symptom relief without curing disease
Rationale:
Palliative surgery focuses on relieving pain or symptoms but does not treat the
underlying disease, often used in terminal conditions.
Question 10
Elective surgery is:
A. Life-threatening emergency
B. Planned procedure not immediately urgent
C. Always diagnostic
D. Only performed in ICU
Correct Answer: B. Planned procedure not immediately urgent
Rationale:
Elective surgeries are scheduled in advance and are not emergencies. They are
performed based on patient and surgeon convenience.
Question 11
The nurse’s role in informed consent is to:
A. Explain surgery risks in detail
B. Obtain surgical approval
C. Clarify information and witness signature
D. Decide on surgery type
Correct Answer: C. Clarify information and witness signature
Rationale:
The nurse ensures the patient understands the procedure but does not provide medical
explanation or obtain consent. The surgeon is responsible for full disclosure.
Question 12
Which is required in informed consent?
A. Nurse signature only
B. Surgeon’s schedule
