PN 4006 Midterm Practice Test 2026 | Most Frequently
Tested Questions | Graded A+
1. If a nurse observes a colleague placing a Foley catheter bag on the bed
during a transfer, what should the nurse do to prevent potential infection?
Ignore the action if the patient seems comfortable.
Suggest using a different type of catheter bag.
Encourage the colleague to wash their hands after the transfer.
Advise the colleague to secure the catheter bag to a stable surface
instead.
2. Describe the role of histamine in the acute inflammatory response.
Histamine is involved in the formation of scar tissue after injury.
Histamine helps to decrease the number of white blood cells at the
site of infection.
Histamine is released during an acute inflammatory response and
contributes to increased blood flow and pain at the site of injury.
Histamine decreases blood flow and reduces pain sensation.
3. What is the main reason for irrigating a wound?
To reduce pain at the wound site
To promote faster healing
To cleanse the wound and remove bacteria
To enhance blood flow to the area
4. What is the first step a nurse should take when preparing to perform a sterile
dressing change?
, Place the cap of the sterile solution on the table.
Check integrity of sterile packages prior to use.
Put sterile gloves on before opening sterile packages.
Open sterile packages without checking them.
5. The nurse auscultates the client's breath sounds. The nurse knows that
vesicular sounds will have which characteristics?
Loud, coarse, blowing sound heard over the trachea
Harsh Sounds heard over the main stem bronchi
Soft and low-pitched breezy sounds heard over most of the
peripheral lung fields
Musical sounds or vibrations commonly heard on expiration
6. A nurse is changing the client's arm dressing and accidentally drops the
dressing on the bed. The client has a large incision in his arm. The nurse
should?
Since the dressing is on the client's bed sheets there is no issue.
Add alcohol to the dressing and insert it into the incision to assure
sterility.
Pick up the dressing and gently place it into the incision site.
Throw the dressing away and prepare a new dressing.
7. The nurse is assessing a client's nailbeds. Which appearance indicates further
follow-up is needed for problems associated with chronic hypoxia?
Crack in the nail
Discoloration
, Clubbing
Biting
8. Describe how smoking impacts the body's ability to heal wounds.
Smoking reduces the amount of functional hemoglobin in the blood,
which impairs oxygen delivery to healing tissues.
Smoking increases blood flow to wounds, enhancing healing.
Smoking has no significant impact on wound healing.
Smoking improves the immune response during the healing process.
9. What is the most common electrolyte imbalance?
Hyperkalemia
Hyponatremia
Hypokalemia
Hypernatremia
10. Interpret the significance of the arterial blood gas results indicating a pH of
7.3 in a malnourished client.
A pH of 7.3 indicates acidosis, which can be associated with poor
nutrition and metabolic disturbances.
A pH of 7.3 suggests respiratory failure due to excessive nutrition.
A pH of 7.3 indicates alkalosis, suggesting the client is well-nourished.
A pH of 7.3 is within normal limits, indicating no nutritional issues.
11. Why is it important to extend the packing of a deep wound only to the
surface?
, To keep the dressing in place more securely.
To ensure the wound is completely filled for healing.
To prevent pressure on the wound and allow for proper drainage.
To minimize the amount of dressing material used.
12. The nurse is planning a program on wound healing and includes information
that smoking influences healing by:
creating increased tissue fragility
reducing hemoglobin's ability to carry oxygen
depressing systematic bone marrow function
suppressing protein synthesis
13. Why is maintaining a written schedule of turning and positioning important
for a client with rheumatoid arthritis?
It promotes better circulation by keeping the head of the bed
elevated.
It increases the client's comfort by allowing them to remain in one
position.
It encourages the client to engage in physical activity to strengthen
muscles.
It helps prevent skin breakdown by ensuring regular movement and
pressure relief.
14. Which client is identified as being most at risk for fluid volume deficit due to
a specific health condition?
A 12-year-old who is moderately active in 27°C weather
A 6-month-old learning to drink from a cup
Tested Questions | Graded A+
1. If a nurse observes a colleague placing a Foley catheter bag on the bed
during a transfer, what should the nurse do to prevent potential infection?
Ignore the action if the patient seems comfortable.
Suggest using a different type of catheter bag.
Encourage the colleague to wash their hands after the transfer.
Advise the colleague to secure the catheter bag to a stable surface
instead.
2. Describe the role of histamine in the acute inflammatory response.
Histamine is involved in the formation of scar tissue after injury.
Histamine helps to decrease the number of white blood cells at the
site of infection.
Histamine is released during an acute inflammatory response and
contributes to increased blood flow and pain at the site of injury.
Histamine decreases blood flow and reduces pain sensation.
3. What is the main reason for irrigating a wound?
To reduce pain at the wound site
To promote faster healing
To cleanse the wound and remove bacteria
To enhance blood flow to the area
4. What is the first step a nurse should take when preparing to perform a sterile
dressing change?
, Place the cap of the sterile solution on the table.
Check integrity of sterile packages prior to use.
Put sterile gloves on before opening sterile packages.
Open sterile packages without checking them.
5. The nurse auscultates the client's breath sounds. The nurse knows that
vesicular sounds will have which characteristics?
Loud, coarse, blowing sound heard over the trachea
Harsh Sounds heard over the main stem bronchi
Soft and low-pitched breezy sounds heard over most of the
peripheral lung fields
Musical sounds or vibrations commonly heard on expiration
6. A nurse is changing the client's arm dressing and accidentally drops the
dressing on the bed. The client has a large incision in his arm. The nurse
should?
Since the dressing is on the client's bed sheets there is no issue.
Add alcohol to the dressing and insert it into the incision to assure
sterility.
Pick up the dressing and gently place it into the incision site.
Throw the dressing away and prepare a new dressing.
7. The nurse is assessing a client's nailbeds. Which appearance indicates further
follow-up is needed for problems associated with chronic hypoxia?
Crack in the nail
Discoloration
, Clubbing
Biting
8. Describe how smoking impacts the body's ability to heal wounds.
Smoking reduces the amount of functional hemoglobin in the blood,
which impairs oxygen delivery to healing tissues.
Smoking increases blood flow to wounds, enhancing healing.
Smoking has no significant impact on wound healing.
Smoking improves the immune response during the healing process.
9. What is the most common electrolyte imbalance?
Hyperkalemia
Hyponatremia
Hypokalemia
Hypernatremia
10. Interpret the significance of the arterial blood gas results indicating a pH of
7.3 in a malnourished client.
A pH of 7.3 indicates acidosis, which can be associated with poor
nutrition and metabolic disturbances.
A pH of 7.3 suggests respiratory failure due to excessive nutrition.
A pH of 7.3 indicates alkalosis, suggesting the client is well-nourished.
A pH of 7.3 is within normal limits, indicating no nutritional issues.
11. Why is it important to extend the packing of a deep wound only to the
surface?
, To keep the dressing in place more securely.
To ensure the wound is completely filled for healing.
To prevent pressure on the wound and allow for proper drainage.
To minimize the amount of dressing material used.
12. The nurse is planning a program on wound healing and includes information
that smoking influences healing by:
creating increased tissue fragility
reducing hemoglobin's ability to carry oxygen
depressing systematic bone marrow function
suppressing protein synthesis
13. Why is maintaining a written schedule of turning and positioning important
for a client with rheumatoid arthritis?
It promotes better circulation by keeping the head of the bed
elevated.
It increases the client's comfort by allowing them to remain in one
position.
It encourages the client to engage in physical activity to strengthen
muscles.
It helps prevent skin breakdown by ensuring regular movement and
pressure relief.
14. Which client is identified as being most at risk for fluid volume deficit due to
a specific health condition?
A 12-year-old who is moderately active in 27°C weather
A 6-month-old learning to drink from a cup
