PSYO 353 FINAL STUDY GUIDE
functional reasons to have sex - Answers - relieves tension, emotional connections, non
sexual (self worth), power
four main reasons for humans to have sex - Answers - physical: pleasure/stress
reduction
goal: sex workers/ revenge on someone
emotional: love and commitment
insecurity: self esteem and pressure
symbolic interactionist model - Answers - meanings and values do not match with
behaviour of individual
Judaic sex frameworks - Answers - -promote longterm mating
-procreation prime reason for sex
-adultery okay when male is having sex with non married women
-virgins that are seduced end in compensation either for her hand in marriage or money
-sex when engaged okay but looked down upon
Greek sex frameworks - Answers - -joyus quality of sex life
-the greek male was bisexual
-exclusively same sex not okay
-pedastry: post puberty, older men mentor boys as their lovers, to aquire adult
admirable qualities
Rome sex framework - Answers - -no same sex behaviour
-physical acts of sex
-the female virginity was magical, could communicate with gods, cannot be executed
-had sadistic tendancies: combats of sex, observed by people, sex with animals/ assult
-physical but still passsionate
Christianity sex framework - Answers - -sex seen as shameful
-virtue highest good
-sex only supported in marriage, procreation only
-sexual desire seen as sin (from Eve and the apple)
Medevil times sex framework - Answers - -more western attitudes, sexual pleasure seen
as sinful
-celibacy is virtue, but eroticism persisted
-phallic symbols common in art
-physical body seen as shameful, nudity anywhere discouraged
-chastity used by upper class women
,-lower class women: ownership transfers from father to husband, women are not
protected
-true love resisted temptation and had abstinence
Renaissance sex framework - Answers - -greek and roman values reshaped
-gradual shift away from religion
-sexuality remerges
-artist seen as the greatest hero
-same sex behaviour in males, for prostitution
Reformation sex framework - Answers - -John Calum states god has punishments for
the promiscuous
-martin luther: oppressed celabacy for clergy
-puritans: elaborated on church attitudes, reaffirms basic ideals and that marriage is
indissolvable
Enlightenment sex framework - Answers - -secular morality to regulate conduct
-science began to diminish faith
-condom was invented
-large bodies showed wealth
-games of seduction: vicious men and naive women
-Tahitians, sex as pleasure
19th century sex framework - Answers - John wesley: modern day born again christian
-victorian morality: respectable women were asexualized, put on pedastal, "whores"
dehumanized
-social movements arises sexual enjoyment underground
-age of industrialization
-order and stability
Twenties sex framework - Answers - -greater openness, Freudian theories of sex
WW11, sex framework - Answers - feminism persists w/ girls pursuing more male-
dominated careers (bomb girls)
Fifties sex framework - Answers - -individuals wanting stability coming out of war and
great depression
-emphasis on family values, smaller families formed for urbanized environments
Sixties sex framework - Answers - -sexual revolution
-dynamic process of change
-hippies: into sex, drugs and rock and roll, large generational divide in music
-"black music" such as Elvis, was seen as sex music
-25% increase in premarital sex
-baby boom from previous war
-teens getting more access to sex (drive in theatres)
, -pill became effective/ in use (illegal to sell, married women had to justify why they
needed it)
-religion no longer determinant of social connectedness
20th century sex framework - Answers - -shift from religion to science
-since WW1, weaking of churhces
-less formal interactions between individuals
-urban culture- courtship turned into dating
-teenage culture rise in 50's
Sex survey strengths - Answers - -most information gathered through sex self reports/
interviews
-excellent sampling
-can be done through the internet
-can gather details
-easy/ accessible
Sex survey limitations - Answers - -not much observational data
-little qualitative data
-limited queer information
-normally computers required
-can be unethical
External Male sex organs: Penis - Answers - -3 cylinders: 2 larger cavernous bodies
and 1 spongy body that becomes enlarged with blood when erect
-glans penis: tip
-corona: separates body from penis
-Frenulum: most sensitive, connects glands to penis body
-prepuce: foreskin: can create smegma if not cleaned correctly, Phimosis is where it
cannot retract
External male sex organs: Scrotum - Answers - -holds/protects the testes
-contracts when cold or aroused
-cryptorchidism: testes fail to descend
-keep testes at cool, constant temp for sperm production
Internal male sex organs: testes - Answers - -connects sperm to penis
-secretes male hormones, and sperm
-seminiferous tubules: tightly packed for sperm storage
internal male sex organs - Answers - epididymis: sperm transport and sperm maturation
vas deferens: conduit for mature sperm
seminal vesicles: opens to ejaculatory duct and initiates movement of sperm
urethra: where sperm and urine is deposited out of glans penis
prostate gland: produces fluid that nourishes and transports sperm
cowpers gland: neutralizes acidity of urethra, "pre cum"
functional reasons to have sex - Answers - relieves tension, emotional connections, non
sexual (self worth), power
four main reasons for humans to have sex - Answers - physical: pleasure/stress
reduction
goal: sex workers/ revenge on someone
emotional: love and commitment
insecurity: self esteem and pressure
symbolic interactionist model - Answers - meanings and values do not match with
behaviour of individual
Judaic sex frameworks - Answers - -promote longterm mating
-procreation prime reason for sex
-adultery okay when male is having sex with non married women
-virgins that are seduced end in compensation either for her hand in marriage or money
-sex when engaged okay but looked down upon
Greek sex frameworks - Answers - -joyus quality of sex life
-the greek male was bisexual
-exclusively same sex not okay
-pedastry: post puberty, older men mentor boys as their lovers, to aquire adult
admirable qualities
Rome sex framework - Answers - -no same sex behaviour
-physical acts of sex
-the female virginity was magical, could communicate with gods, cannot be executed
-had sadistic tendancies: combats of sex, observed by people, sex with animals/ assult
-physical but still passsionate
Christianity sex framework - Answers - -sex seen as shameful
-virtue highest good
-sex only supported in marriage, procreation only
-sexual desire seen as sin (from Eve and the apple)
Medevil times sex framework - Answers - -more western attitudes, sexual pleasure seen
as sinful
-celibacy is virtue, but eroticism persisted
-phallic symbols common in art
-physical body seen as shameful, nudity anywhere discouraged
-chastity used by upper class women
,-lower class women: ownership transfers from father to husband, women are not
protected
-true love resisted temptation and had abstinence
Renaissance sex framework - Answers - -greek and roman values reshaped
-gradual shift away from religion
-sexuality remerges
-artist seen as the greatest hero
-same sex behaviour in males, for prostitution
Reformation sex framework - Answers - -John Calum states god has punishments for
the promiscuous
-martin luther: oppressed celabacy for clergy
-puritans: elaborated on church attitudes, reaffirms basic ideals and that marriage is
indissolvable
Enlightenment sex framework - Answers - -secular morality to regulate conduct
-science began to diminish faith
-condom was invented
-large bodies showed wealth
-games of seduction: vicious men and naive women
-Tahitians, sex as pleasure
19th century sex framework - Answers - John wesley: modern day born again christian
-victorian morality: respectable women were asexualized, put on pedastal, "whores"
dehumanized
-social movements arises sexual enjoyment underground
-age of industrialization
-order and stability
Twenties sex framework - Answers - -greater openness, Freudian theories of sex
WW11, sex framework - Answers - feminism persists w/ girls pursuing more male-
dominated careers (bomb girls)
Fifties sex framework - Answers - -individuals wanting stability coming out of war and
great depression
-emphasis on family values, smaller families formed for urbanized environments
Sixties sex framework - Answers - -sexual revolution
-dynamic process of change
-hippies: into sex, drugs and rock and roll, large generational divide in music
-"black music" such as Elvis, was seen as sex music
-25% increase in premarital sex
-baby boom from previous war
-teens getting more access to sex (drive in theatres)
, -pill became effective/ in use (illegal to sell, married women had to justify why they
needed it)
-religion no longer determinant of social connectedness
20th century sex framework - Answers - -shift from religion to science
-since WW1, weaking of churhces
-less formal interactions between individuals
-urban culture- courtship turned into dating
-teenage culture rise in 50's
Sex survey strengths - Answers - -most information gathered through sex self reports/
interviews
-excellent sampling
-can be done through the internet
-can gather details
-easy/ accessible
Sex survey limitations - Answers - -not much observational data
-little qualitative data
-limited queer information
-normally computers required
-can be unethical
External Male sex organs: Penis - Answers - -3 cylinders: 2 larger cavernous bodies
and 1 spongy body that becomes enlarged with blood when erect
-glans penis: tip
-corona: separates body from penis
-Frenulum: most sensitive, connects glands to penis body
-prepuce: foreskin: can create smegma if not cleaned correctly, Phimosis is where it
cannot retract
External male sex organs: Scrotum - Answers - -holds/protects the testes
-contracts when cold or aroused
-cryptorchidism: testes fail to descend
-keep testes at cool, constant temp for sperm production
Internal male sex organs: testes - Answers - -connects sperm to penis
-secretes male hormones, and sperm
-seminiferous tubules: tightly packed for sperm storage
internal male sex organs - Answers - epididymis: sperm transport and sperm maturation
vas deferens: conduit for mature sperm
seminal vesicles: opens to ejaculatory duct and initiates movement of sperm
urethra: where sperm and urine is deposited out of glans penis
prostate gland: produces fluid that nourishes and transports sperm
cowpers gland: neutralizes acidity of urethra, "pre cum"
