BMS 127 Midterm 3 Questions With Correct
Answers
What are the three lines of immunological defense? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-1. Exterior defenses | |
2. Phagocytosis & inflammation
| | |
3. Adaptive immunity
| |
Which of the immunological defenses are nonspecific? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Exterior defenses and phagocytosis & inflammation | | | | |
Which of the immunological defenses are considered innate immunity?
| | | | | | | |
|- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Exterior defenses and phagocytosis &
| | | | | | |
inflammation
In general, what do the exterior defenses entail? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Mechanical, chemical and microbial barriers | | | |
What is the most common way that pathogens enter the body? -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The respiratory tract
| | |
,Define the sum of our resident microbiota - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | |
Microbiome
What is microbial antagonism? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The out-
| | | | | | |
competition of transient microbes by our resident microbiota
| | | | | | |
How does the body handle transient microbes that have reached the
| | | | | | | | | | |
trachea? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Through the mucociliary system
| | | | | | |
where there are ciliated and non-ciliated cells that create mucus. This
| | | | | | | | | | |
causes a constant upward motion of mucus into the pharynx to either
| | | | | | | | | | | |
cough up or swallow.
| | |
How do the eyes play a role in the external defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Tears contain lysozymes that dissolve cell walls by | | | | | | | |
destroying peptidoglycan |
How does the mouth play a role in exterior defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Each tooth has its own microbial background of residential | | | | | | | |
microbiota
|
How does the skin play a role in exterior defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Skin acts as a physical barrier against pathogens. It also | | | | | | | | | |
produces anti microbial fatty acids, and it's residential microbiota inhibit
| | | | | | | | |
pathogen colonization
| |
, How does the stomach play a role in exterior defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Stomach acid has a pH of 2 which very few microbes can | | | | | | | | | | | |
survive. Plus the rapid pH change from the stomach to the duodenum
| | | | | | | | | | | |
from the gallbladder's release of bile salts makes it even harder for
| | | | | | | | | | | |
microbes to survive.| |
How does the urinary system play a role in exterior defenses? -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The "fast flow," of urine helps flush out any
| | | | | | | | | |
pathogens from the urinary tract
| | | |
How does pooping play a role in exterior defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-It gets rid of pathogens from the large intestine
| | | | | | | |
How does the upper respiratory system play a role in exterior defenses?
| | | | | | | | | | |
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Rapid passage of air over cilia in the
| | | | | | | | | | |
nasopharynx allows pathogens to get trapped in the mucus and
| | | | | | | | | |
coughed up or swallowed
| | |
How does the blood play a role in exterior defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-There are proteins in the blood that can inhibit microbial | | | | | | | | | |
growth
How do the lungs play a role in exterior defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-There is one phagocyte per alveolus in the lungs | | | | | | | |
Answers
What are the three lines of immunological defense? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-1. Exterior defenses | |
2. Phagocytosis & inflammation
| | |
3. Adaptive immunity
| |
Which of the immunological defenses are nonspecific? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Exterior defenses and phagocytosis & inflammation | | | | |
Which of the immunological defenses are considered innate immunity?
| | | | | | | |
|- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Exterior defenses and phagocytosis &
| | | | | | |
inflammation
In general, what do the exterior defenses entail? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Mechanical, chemical and microbial barriers | | | |
What is the most common way that pathogens enter the body? -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The respiratory tract
| | |
,Define the sum of our resident microbiota - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | |
Microbiome
What is microbial antagonism? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The out-
| | | | | | |
competition of transient microbes by our resident microbiota
| | | | | | |
How does the body handle transient microbes that have reached the
| | | | | | | | | | |
trachea? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Through the mucociliary system
| | | | | | |
where there are ciliated and non-ciliated cells that create mucus. This
| | | | | | | | | | |
causes a constant upward motion of mucus into the pharynx to either
| | | | | | | | | | | |
cough up or swallow.
| | |
How do the eyes play a role in the external defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Tears contain lysozymes that dissolve cell walls by | | | | | | | |
destroying peptidoglycan |
How does the mouth play a role in exterior defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Each tooth has its own microbial background of residential | | | | | | | |
microbiota
|
How does the skin play a role in exterior defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Skin acts as a physical barrier against pathogens. It also | | | | | | | | | |
produces anti microbial fatty acids, and it's residential microbiota inhibit
| | | | | | | | |
pathogen colonization
| |
, How does the stomach play a role in exterior defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-Stomach acid has a pH of 2 which very few microbes can | | | | | | | | | | | |
survive. Plus the rapid pH change from the stomach to the duodenum
| | | | | | | | | | | |
from the gallbladder's release of bile salts makes it even harder for
| | | | | | | | | | | |
microbes to survive.| |
How does the urinary system play a role in exterior defenses? -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The "fast flow," of urine helps flush out any
| | | | | | | | | |
pathogens from the urinary tract
| | | |
How does pooping play a role in exterior defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-It gets rid of pathogens from the large intestine
| | | | | | | |
How does the upper respiratory system play a role in exterior defenses?
| | | | | | | | | | |
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Rapid passage of air over cilia in the
| | | | | | | | | | |
nasopharynx allows pathogens to get trapped in the mucus and
| | | | | | | | | |
coughed up or swallowed
| | |
How does the blood play a role in exterior defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-There are proteins in the blood that can inhibit microbial | | | | | | | | | |
growth
How do the lungs play a role in exterior defenses? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-There is one phagocyte per alveolus in the lungs | | | | | | | |
