OAE Assessment of Professional Knowledge (057) Vocabulary terms
ACTUAL UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
universality all individuals will develop in same way, no matter what culure live in.
Context Specificity development of individuals will be influenced by the culture in which they live
, Original Sin children are inherently bad
innate purity child is born inherently good
Tabula Rasa children are neither bad or good and can be taught right from wrong.
behavior consistency children either behave the same no matter what the setting or situtation OR they
change their behavior based on the setting and who they are interacting with.
Nature vs. Nurture name for a controversy in which it is debated whether genetics or environment is
responsible for driving behavior
Continuity developing steadily from birth to death
discontinuity developing with some stages of rapid growth and some of relatively little change
passivity development being influenced by outside forces
activity development is influenced by the child themself and how they respond to
external forces.
critical period a specific time in development when certain skills or abilities are most easily
learned
sensitive period a point in development when organisms are particularly susceptible to certain
kinds of stimuli in their environments, but the absence of those stimuli does not
always produce irreversible consequences
Behaviorist Theory As children interact with environments, they learn what behaviors result in rewards
and punishments and develop patterns of behavior as a result.
Constructivist Theory Piaget's theory, in which cognitive development results from children's active
construction of reality, based on their experiences with the world
Ecological Systems Theory views the person as developing within a complex system of relationships affected
by multiple levels of the surrounding environment
Maturationist Theory behavior is guided exclusively by hereditary factors, but certain behaviors will not
manifest themselves until the necessary stimuli are present in the environment.
ALso suggests that neural development must reach a certain level of maturity for
the behavior to unfold.
psychoanalytic theory A theory developed by Freud that attempts to explain personality, motivation, and
mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of behavior
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (level 1) Physiological Needs, (level 2) Safety and Security, (level 3) Relationships,
Love and Affection, (level 4) Self Esteem, (level 5) Self Actualization
ACTUAL UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
universality all individuals will develop in same way, no matter what culure live in.
Context Specificity development of individuals will be influenced by the culture in which they live
, Original Sin children are inherently bad
innate purity child is born inherently good
Tabula Rasa children are neither bad or good and can be taught right from wrong.
behavior consistency children either behave the same no matter what the setting or situtation OR they
change their behavior based on the setting and who they are interacting with.
Nature vs. Nurture name for a controversy in which it is debated whether genetics or environment is
responsible for driving behavior
Continuity developing steadily from birth to death
discontinuity developing with some stages of rapid growth and some of relatively little change
passivity development being influenced by outside forces
activity development is influenced by the child themself and how they respond to
external forces.
critical period a specific time in development when certain skills or abilities are most easily
learned
sensitive period a point in development when organisms are particularly susceptible to certain
kinds of stimuli in their environments, but the absence of those stimuli does not
always produce irreversible consequences
Behaviorist Theory As children interact with environments, they learn what behaviors result in rewards
and punishments and develop patterns of behavior as a result.
Constructivist Theory Piaget's theory, in which cognitive development results from children's active
construction of reality, based on their experiences with the world
Ecological Systems Theory views the person as developing within a complex system of relationships affected
by multiple levels of the surrounding environment
Maturationist Theory behavior is guided exclusively by hereditary factors, but certain behaviors will not
manifest themselves until the necessary stimuli are present in the environment.
ALso suggests that neural development must reach a certain level of maturity for
the behavior to unfold.
psychoanalytic theory A theory developed by Freud that attempts to explain personality, motivation, and
mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of behavior
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (level 1) Physiological Needs, (level 2) Safety and Security, (level 3) Relationships,
Love and Affection, (level 4) Self Esteem, (level 5) Self Actualization
