NUR 210 EXAM 3: PRINCIPLES OF
PHARMACOLOGY/ UPDATED 2026/ QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS(100% CORRECT)
The nurse is performing the Romberg test as part of a client's focused neurological assessment.
What finding would constitute a positive Romberg test? - ANSWER✔️The client moves her feet
apart to prevent herself from falling.
What are the three main types of antimicrobial therapy used for infections? -
ANSWER✔️Antibiotics (bacterial), antivirals (viral), and antifungals (fungal).
What are the severe indicators of infection that require urgent attention? - ANSWER✔️Signs of
septic shock, organ dysfunction, and altered mental status.
What diagnostic blood tests are used to evaluate inflammation? - ANSWER✔️CBC with
differential, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
,What are examples of imaging studies used to assess inflammation or infection? - ANSWER✔️X-
ray, CT scan, MRI, and colonoscopy.
What supportive care measures are essential for patients with an infection? - ANSWER✔️Rest,
comfort measures, nutritional support, adequate fluid intake, environmental disinfection, and use
of PPE/isolation precautions.
Primary attributes of palliative care - ANSWER✔️Holistic, patient- and family-centered care;
Focuses on quality of life across the illness trajectory; Addresses physical, emotional, social,
cultural, and spiritual needs; Can begin at diagnosis and continue through bereavement; Provided
alongside curative/life-prolonging treatments; Can be delivered in any care setting
Secondary attributes of palliative care - ANSWER✔️Promotes equitable access and reduces
disparities; Provides symptom management (pain, dyspnea, anxiety, etc.); Supports advance care
planning and decision-making; Encourages effective communication among patient, family,
team; Ensures care coordination and continuity; Advocates for patient values, preferences, and
goals of care
Structure & processes of care - ANSWER✔️How palliative care services are organized and
delivered
Physical aspects - ANSWER✔️Management of pain and symptoms
Psychological/psychiatric aspects - ANSWER✔️Emotional support, anxiety, depression
Social aspects - ANSWER✔️Family support, finances, resources, relationships
Spiritual/religious/existential - ANSWER✔️Meaning, beliefs, purpose, faith
Cultural aspects - ANSWER✔️Respect for cultural values and practices
Care of patient nearing end of life - ANSWER✔️Comfort, dignity, bereavement support
Ethical/legal aspects - ANSWER✔️Advance directives, decision-making, goals of care
Nursing role: Integration - ANSWER✔️Advocate for integration of palliative care early in illness
Nursing role: Communication - ANSWER✔️Communicate compassionately with patients,
families, and team
Nursing role: Assessment - ANSWER✔️Perform holistic assessments (physical, emotional,
social, spiritual)
, Nursing role: Symptom management - ANSWER✔️Manage symptoms and coordinate care
Nursing role: Support - ANSWER✔️Support coping, grief, and bereavement
Nursing role: Patient-centered care - ANSWER✔️Promote patient-centered care aligned with
values and goals
Nursing role: Cultural sensitivity - ANSWER✔️Provide culturally sensitive care
Nursing role: Planning - ANSWER✔️Facilitate advance care planning and goals-of-care
discussions
Nursing role: Coordination - ANSWER✔️Act as a key communicator and coordinator of the care
team
Tissue integrity - ANSWER✔️Structurally intact and functioning skin, subcutaneous tissue, and
mucous membranes
Impaired tissue integrity - ANSWER✔️Damage to one or more tissue layers
Six categories of impaired tissue integrity - ANSWER✔️Trauma or injury, loss of perfusion,
immunologic reaction, infection, thermal or radiation, lesions
Skin layers - ANSWER✔️Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
First intention healing - ANSWER✔️Edges approximated, minimal tissue loss, heals quickly,
minimal scarring
Second intention healing - ANSWER✔️Open wound, tissue loss, heals from base up, more
scarring, longer healing
Third intention healing - ANSWER✔️Delayed closure after infection or edema resolves, deeper
scar
Pressure injury - ANSWER✔️Localized injury to skin or tissue over bony prominence or device
Primary force of pressure injury - ANSWER✔️Shearing
Other forces - ANSWER✔️Pressure and friction
Risk factors for skin breakdown - ANSWER✔️Immobility, poor nutrition, moisture, aging,
decreased sensation, chronic illness
PHARMACOLOGY/ UPDATED 2026/ QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS(100% CORRECT)
The nurse is performing the Romberg test as part of a client's focused neurological assessment.
What finding would constitute a positive Romberg test? - ANSWER✔️The client moves her feet
apart to prevent herself from falling.
What are the three main types of antimicrobial therapy used for infections? -
ANSWER✔️Antibiotics (bacterial), antivirals (viral), and antifungals (fungal).
What are the severe indicators of infection that require urgent attention? - ANSWER✔️Signs of
septic shock, organ dysfunction, and altered mental status.
What diagnostic blood tests are used to evaluate inflammation? - ANSWER✔️CBC with
differential, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
,What are examples of imaging studies used to assess inflammation or infection? - ANSWER✔️X-
ray, CT scan, MRI, and colonoscopy.
What supportive care measures are essential for patients with an infection? - ANSWER✔️Rest,
comfort measures, nutritional support, adequate fluid intake, environmental disinfection, and use
of PPE/isolation precautions.
Primary attributes of palliative care - ANSWER✔️Holistic, patient- and family-centered care;
Focuses on quality of life across the illness trajectory; Addresses physical, emotional, social,
cultural, and spiritual needs; Can begin at diagnosis and continue through bereavement; Provided
alongside curative/life-prolonging treatments; Can be delivered in any care setting
Secondary attributes of palliative care - ANSWER✔️Promotes equitable access and reduces
disparities; Provides symptom management (pain, dyspnea, anxiety, etc.); Supports advance care
planning and decision-making; Encourages effective communication among patient, family,
team; Ensures care coordination and continuity; Advocates for patient values, preferences, and
goals of care
Structure & processes of care - ANSWER✔️How palliative care services are organized and
delivered
Physical aspects - ANSWER✔️Management of pain and symptoms
Psychological/psychiatric aspects - ANSWER✔️Emotional support, anxiety, depression
Social aspects - ANSWER✔️Family support, finances, resources, relationships
Spiritual/religious/existential - ANSWER✔️Meaning, beliefs, purpose, faith
Cultural aspects - ANSWER✔️Respect for cultural values and practices
Care of patient nearing end of life - ANSWER✔️Comfort, dignity, bereavement support
Ethical/legal aspects - ANSWER✔️Advance directives, decision-making, goals of care
Nursing role: Integration - ANSWER✔️Advocate for integration of palliative care early in illness
Nursing role: Communication - ANSWER✔️Communicate compassionately with patients,
families, and team
Nursing role: Assessment - ANSWER✔️Perform holistic assessments (physical, emotional,
social, spiritual)
, Nursing role: Symptom management - ANSWER✔️Manage symptoms and coordinate care
Nursing role: Support - ANSWER✔️Support coping, grief, and bereavement
Nursing role: Patient-centered care - ANSWER✔️Promote patient-centered care aligned with
values and goals
Nursing role: Cultural sensitivity - ANSWER✔️Provide culturally sensitive care
Nursing role: Planning - ANSWER✔️Facilitate advance care planning and goals-of-care
discussions
Nursing role: Coordination - ANSWER✔️Act as a key communicator and coordinator of the care
team
Tissue integrity - ANSWER✔️Structurally intact and functioning skin, subcutaneous tissue, and
mucous membranes
Impaired tissue integrity - ANSWER✔️Damage to one or more tissue layers
Six categories of impaired tissue integrity - ANSWER✔️Trauma or injury, loss of perfusion,
immunologic reaction, infection, thermal or radiation, lesions
Skin layers - ANSWER✔️Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
First intention healing - ANSWER✔️Edges approximated, minimal tissue loss, heals quickly,
minimal scarring
Second intention healing - ANSWER✔️Open wound, tissue loss, heals from base up, more
scarring, longer healing
Third intention healing - ANSWER✔️Delayed closure after infection or edema resolves, deeper
scar
Pressure injury - ANSWER✔️Localized injury to skin or tissue over bony prominence or device
Primary force of pressure injury - ANSWER✔️Shearing
Other forces - ANSWER✔️Pressure and friction
Risk factors for skin breakdown - ANSWER✔️Immobility, poor nutrition, moisture, aging,
decreased sensation, chronic illness
