NUR 210 EXAM 3 PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY/
LATEST UPDATE 2026/ QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS(100% CORRECT)
The nurse is testing a patients visual accommodation, which refers to which action?
a. Pupillary constriction when looking at a near object
b. Pupillary dilation when looking at a far object
c. Changes in peripheral vision in response to light
d. Involuntary blinking in the presence of bright light - ANSWER✔️a. Pupillary constriction
when looking at a near object
Decreased capacity to concentrate urine from hypokalemia causes ________ damage. -
ANSWER✔️renal
The key to reversing hypokalemia is ____________ potassium. - ANSWER✔️replacing
The first step to treatment of hypokalemia is ___________ the reason the patient is losing
potassium. - ANSWER✔️stop
,When dealing with any sort of electrolyte (especially when imbalances are present) the nurse
should ALWAYS: - ANSWER✔️monitor the patients blood levels and signs and symptoms
Two ways to replace potassium are ____________ and _____________. -
ANSWER✔️potassium-rich foods, oral potassium
T/F: oral potassium should be taken without food. - ANSWER✔️False (should be taken with
food, it can cause GI bleeds)
When administering potassium intravenously, is it safe to do an IV push? - ANSWER✔️No (it
can stop the heart)
___________ is an excess of Na+ in the body. - ANSWER✔️hypernatremia
The range of sodium in the body is ____________ mEq/L. - ANSWER✔️135-145
Increased water output such as diarrhea, diaphoresis, fever with increased respiration (water
vapor), diabetes insipidus causes what electrolyte imbalance? - ANSWER✔️hypernatremia
T/F: too much intake of a 0.9% NaCl solution intravenously can cause hypernatremia. -
ANSWER✔️True
In the gastrointestinal tract intense ________ can be present as a sign of hypernatremia. -
ANSWER✔️thirst
T/F: red dry tongue, flush skin, non-elastic skin turgor, "sticky" membranes are symptoms of
hyponatremia presented in the skin and mucous membranes. - ANSWER✔️False (hypernatremia)
A nurse is caring for a patient with hypernatremia. What can the nurse expect the patients
attitude/demeanor will be like? - ANSWER✔️agitated
T/F: Anuria (failure to produce urine from the kidneys) and oliguria (minimal urine production)
are affects of hypernatremia. - ANSWER✔️True
When treating hypernatremia the nurse knows they can give a hypotonic ________% solution of
NaCl via IV. - ANSWER✔️0.45
T/F: oral intake will of fluids will not decrease the sodium level associated with hypernatremia. -
ANSWER✔️False (it will)
Loss of Na+ without loss of water causes what electrolyte deficiency? -
ANSWER✔️hyponatremia
,Increased water intake such as Na+ free IV fluids and tap water enemas cause what condition? -
ANSWER✔️hyponatremia
T/F: renal disease (failure) is the most common cause of hyponatremia. - ANSWER✔️True
Vomiting and irrigating and NG tube with water can cause increased _____+ loss, which causes
hyponatremia. - ANSWER✔️Na
T/F: low sodium diets cause hypernatremia. - ANSWER✔️False (hyponatremia)
A mother brings her newborn baby boy in for a checkup; she tells the nurse that he does not
seem to be moving his right arm as much as his left and that he seems to have pain when she lifts
him up under the arms. The nurse suspects a fractured clavicle and would observe for:
a. Negative Allis test.
b. Positive Ortolani sign.
c. Limited range of motion during the Moro reflex.
d. Limited range of motion during Lasgue test. - ANSWER✔️C
A 40-year-old man has come into the clinic with complaints of extreme pain in his toes. The
nurse notices that his toes are slightly swollen, reddened, and warm to the touch. His complaints
would suggest:
a. Osteoporosis.
b. Acute gout.
c. Ankylosing spondylitis.
d. Degenerative joint disease. - ANSWER✔️B
A young swimmer comes to the sports clinic complaining of a very sore shoulder. He was
running at the pool, slipped on some wet concrete, and tried to catch himself with his
outstretched hand. He landed on his outstretched hand and has not been able to move his
shoulder since. The nurse suspects:
a. Joint effusion.
b. Tear of rotator cuff.
c. Adhesive capsulitis.
d. Dislocated shoulder. - ANSWER✔️D
A 68-year-old woman has come in for an assessment of her rheumatoid arthritis, and the nurse
notices raised, firm, nontender nodules at the olecranon bursa and along the ulna. These nodules
are most commonly diagnosed as:
a. Epicondylitis.
b. Gouty arthritis.
c. Olecranon bursitis.
d. Subcutaneous nodules. - ANSWER✔️D
A woman who has had rheumatoid arthritis for years is starting to notice that her fingers are
drifting to the side. The nurse knows that this condition is commonly referred to as:
, a. Radial drift.
b. Ulnar deviation.
c. Swan-neck deformity.
d. Dupuytren contracture. - ANSWER✔️B
A patient who has had rheumatoid arthritis for years comes to the clinic to ask about changes in
her fingers. The nurse will assess for signs of what problems?
a. Heberden nodes
b. Bouchard nodules
c. Swan-neck deformities
d. Dupuytren contractures - ANSWER✔️C
A patients annual physical examination reveals a lateral curvature of the thoracic and lumbar
segments of his spine; however, this curvature disappears with forward bending. The nurse
knows that this abnormality of the spine is called:
a. Structural scoliosis.
b. Functional scoliosis.
c. Herniated nucleus pulposus.
d. Dislocated hip. - ANSWER✔️B
When assessing muscle strength, the nurse observes that a patient has complete range of motion
against gravity with full resistance. What grade of muscle strength should the nurse record using
a 0- to 5-point scale?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5 - ANSWER✔️D
The nurse is examining a 6-month-old infant and places the infants feet flat on the table and
flexes his knees up. The nurse notes that the right knee is significantly lower than the left. Which
of these statements is true of this finding?
a. This finding is a positive Allis sign and suggests hip dislocation.
b. The infant probably has a dislocated patella on the right knee.
c. This finding is a negative Allis sign and normal for an infant of this age.
d. The infant should return to the clinic in 2 weeks to see if his condition has changed. -
ANSWER✔️A
The nurse is assessing a 1-week-old infant and is testing his muscle strength. The nurse lifts the
infant with hands under the axillae and notices that the infant starts to slip between the hands.
The nurse should:
a. Suspect a fractured clavicle.
b. Suspect that the infant may have a deformity of the spine.
c. Suspect that the infant may have weakness of the shoulder muscles.
d. Conclude that this is a normal finding because the musculature of an infant at this age is
undeveloped. - ANSWER✔️C
LATEST UPDATE 2026/ QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS(100% CORRECT)
The nurse is testing a patients visual accommodation, which refers to which action?
a. Pupillary constriction when looking at a near object
b. Pupillary dilation when looking at a far object
c. Changes in peripheral vision in response to light
d. Involuntary blinking in the presence of bright light - ANSWER✔️a. Pupillary constriction
when looking at a near object
Decreased capacity to concentrate urine from hypokalemia causes ________ damage. -
ANSWER✔️renal
The key to reversing hypokalemia is ____________ potassium. - ANSWER✔️replacing
The first step to treatment of hypokalemia is ___________ the reason the patient is losing
potassium. - ANSWER✔️stop
,When dealing with any sort of electrolyte (especially when imbalances are present) the nurse
should ALWAYS: - ANSWER✔️monitor the patients blood levels and signs and symptoms
Two ways to replace potassium are ____________ and _____________. -
ANSWER✔️potassium-rich foods, oral potassium
T/F: oral potassium should be taken without food. - ANSWER✔️False (should be taken with
food, it can cause GI bleeds)
When administering potassium intravenously, is it safe to do an IV push? - ANSWER✔️No (it
can stop the heart)
___________ is an excess of Na+ in the body. - ANSWER✔️hypernatremia
The range of sodium in the body is ____________ mEq/L. - ANSWER✔️135-145
Increased water output such as diarrhea, diaphoresis, fever with increased respiration (water
vapor), diabetes insipidus causes what electrolyte imbalance? - ANSWER✔️hypernatremia
T/F: too much intake of a 0.9% NaCl solution intravenously can cause hypernatremia. -
ANSWER✔️True
In the gastrointestinal tract intense ________ can be present as a sign of hypernatremia. -
ANSWER✔️thirst
T/F: red dry tongue, flush skin, non-elastic skin turgor, "sticky" membranes are symptoms of
hyponatremia presented in the skin and mucous membranes. - ANSWER✔️False (hypernatremia)
A nurse is caring for a patient with hypernatremia. What can the nurse expect the patients
attitude/demeanor will be like? - ANSWER✔️agitated
T/F: Anuria (failure to produce urine from the kidneys) and oliguria (minimal urine production)
are affects of hypernatremia. - ANSWER✔️True
When treating hypernatremia the nurse knows they can give a hypotonic ________% solution of
NaCl via IV. - ANSWER✔️0.45
T/F: oral intake will of fluids will not decrease the sodium level associated with hypernatremia. -
ANSWER✔️False (it will)
Loss of Na+ without loss of water causes what electrolyte deficiency? -
ANSWER✔️hyponatremia
,Increased water intake such as Na+ free IV fluids and tap water enemas cause what condition? -
ANSWER✔️hyponatremia
T/F: renal disease (failure) is the most common cause of hyponatremia. - ANSWER✔️True
Vomiting and irrigating and NG tube with water can cause increased _____+ loss, which causes
hyponatremia. - ANSWER✔️Na
T/F: low sodium diets cause hypernatremia. - ANSWER✔️False (hyponatremia)
A mother brings her newborn baby boy in for a checkup; she tells the nurse that he does not
seem to be moving his right arm as much as his left and that he seems to have pain when she lifts
him up under the arms. The nurse suspects a fractured clavicle and would observe for:
a. Negative Allis test.
b. Positive Ortolani sign.
c. Limited range of motion during the Moro reflex.
d. Limited range of motion during Lasgue test. - ANSWER✔️C
A 40-year-old man has come into the clinic with complaints of extreme pain in his toes. The
nurse notices that his toes are slightly swollen, reddened, and warm to the touch. His complaints
would suggest:
a. Osteoporosis.
b. Acute gout.
c. Ankylosing spondylitis.
d. Degenerative joint disease. - ANSWER✔️B
A young swimmer comes to the sports clinic complaining of a very sore shoulder. He was
running at the pool, slipped on some wet concrete, and tried to catch himself with his
outstretched hand. He landed on his outstretched hand and has not been able to move his
shoulder since. The nurse suspects:
a. Joint effusion.
b. Tear of rotator cuff.
c. Adhesive capsulitis.
d. Dislocated shoulder. - ANSWER✔️D
A 68-year-old woman has come in for an assessment of her rheumatoid arthritis, and the nurse
notices raised, firm, nontender nodules at the olecranon bursa and along the ulna. These nodules
are most commonly diagnosed as:
a. Epicondylitis.
b. Gouty arthritis.
c. Olecranon bursitis.
d. Subcutaneous nodules. - ANSWER✔️D
A woman who has had rheumatoid arthritis for years is starting to notice that her fingers are
drifting to the side. The nurse knows that this condition is commonly referred to as:
, a. Radial drift.
b. Ulnar deviation.
c. Swan-neck deformity.
d. Dupuytren contracture. - ANSWER✔️B
A patient who has had rheumatoid arthritis for years comes to the clinic to ask about changes in
her fingers. The nurse will assess for signs of what problems?
a. Heberden nodes
b. Bouchard nodules
c. Swan-neck deformities
d. Dupuytren contractures - ANSWER✔️C
A patients annual physical examination reveals a lateral curvature of the thoracic and lumbar
segments of his spine; however, this curvature disappears with forward bending. The nurse
knows that this abnormality of the spine is called:
a. Structural scoliosis.
b. Functional scoliosis.
c. Herniated nucleus pulposus.
d. Dislocated hip. - ANSWER✔️B
When assessing muscle strength, the nurse observes that a patient has complete range of motion
against gravity with full resistance. What grade of muscle strength should the nurse record using
a 0- to 5-point scale?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5 - ANSWER✔️D
The nurse is examining a 6-month-old infant and places the infants feet flat on the table and
flexes his knees up. The nurse notes that the right knee is significantly lower than the left. Which
of these statements is true of this finding?
a. This finding is a positive Allis sign and suggests hip dislocation.
b. The infant probably has a dislocated patella on the right knee.
c. This finding is a negative Allis sign and normal for an infant of this age.
d. The infant should return to the clinic in 2 weeks to see if his condition has changed. -
ANSWER✔️A
The nurse is assessing a 1-week-old infant and is testing his muscle strength. The nurse lifts the
infant with hands under the axillae and notices that the infant starts to slip between the hands.
The nurse should:
a. Suspect a fractured clavicle.
b. Suspect that the infant may have a deformity of the spine.
c. Suspect that the infant may have weakness of the shoulder muscles.
d. Conclude that this is a normal finding because the musculature of an infant at this age is
undeveloped. - ANSWER✔️C
