HAN 364 MIDTERM 1 REVIEW EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Data - ANS Characters, numbers, or facts gathered for analysis and possibly later action
information - ANS Interpreted data, i.e., B/P readings
knowledge - ANS Synthesis of information from several sources to produce a single concept
wisdom - ANS Occurs when knowledge is used appropriately to manage and solve problems
health informatics - ANS The science of combining health care data and information to derive
knowledge and create wisdom.
driving forces behind health informatics - ANS Increase healthcare efficiency and productivity
Improve healthcare quality (patient outcomes) resulting in improved patient safety
Reduce healthcare costs
Improve healthcare access with technologies such as telemedicine and online scheduling
Improve coordination and continuity of care
Improve medical education of clinicians and patients
Standardize medical care
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 17
,key players in HIT - ANS physicians and nurses
patients
hospitals and healthcare organizations
support staff
medical educators
public health
HIT vendors
insurance companies
federal and state governments
medical research
CMS - ANS centers for Medicare and Medicaid services
centers for Medicare and Medicaid services - ANS An insurer for about 100 million Americans
CMS reimburses for "meaningful use" of certified EHRs by clinicians and hospitals under
Medicare or Medicaid
As of April 2014 they have paid out about $22 billion to clinicians and hospitals as part of the
HITECH Act meaningful use program
They have a CMS Data Navigator that provides healthcare data from over 300 federal sources
CDC - ANS center for disease control
center for disease control - ANS They support the Public Health Information Network
They use HIT to improve and maintain public health using a variety of surveillance programs
They have a Data and Statistics section and a Health Data Interactive program
They have a variety of HIT-related projects, such as text messaging health education to patients
barriers to HIT adoption - ANS Not enough:
Time to learn new systems
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 17
, Useful information
Skilled workers to manage systems
Funding
Interoperability (data structure & interface standardization)
Too much:
Change in office workflow & business processes
Security required for HIPAA compliance
Legal red tape between hospitals & referring doctors
Behavior change
Hype
Hype versus Fact - ANS there have been many overly optimistic predictions by vendors,
academicians, the government and early adopters that HIT will revolutionize healthcare
While we are still early in the game, the reviews are mixed whether adoption today has
improved quality, safety or reduced medical costs
The most recent review by the RAND Corp. in 2014 was positive about HIT, but was funded by
ONC
integers - ANS 32767, 15 and -20
floating (decimal) point numbers - ANS 3.14159, -12.014, and 14.01
strings - ANS "hello" or "ball"
structured data - ANS Simple, repeatable format (e.g. billing codes, sodium = 140 mg/dll) →
easy to automate analytical processing
unstructured data - ANS Clinical notes which can be freeform text and not necessarily
standardized.
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 17
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Data - ANS Characters, numbers, or facts gathered for analysis and possibly later action
information - ANS Interpreted data, i.e., B/P readings
knowledge - ANS Synthesis of information from several sources to produce a single concept
wisdom - ANS Occurs when knowledge is used appropriately to manage and solve problems
health informatics - ANS The science of combining health care data and information to derive
knowledge and create wisdom.
driving forces behind health informatics - ANS Increase healthcare efficiency and productivity
Improve healthcare quality (patient outcomes) resulting in improved patient safety
Reduce healthcare costs
Improve healthcare access with technologies such as telemedicine and online scheduling
Improve coordination and continuity of care
Improve medical education of clinicians and patients
Standardize medical care
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 17
,key players in HIT - ANS physicians and nurses
patients
hospitals and healthcare organizations
support staff
medical educators
public health
HIT vendors
insurance companies
federal and state governments
medical research
CMS - ANS centers for Medicare and Medicaid services
centers for Medicare and Medicaid services - ANS An insurer for about 100 million Americans
CMS reimburses for "meaningful use" of certified EHRs by clinicians and hospitals under
Medicare or Medicaid
As of April 2014 they have paid out about $22 billion to clinicians and hospitals as part of the
HITECH Act meaningful use program
They have a CMS Data Navigator that provides healthcare data from over 300 federal sources
CDC - ANS center for disease control
center for disease control - ANS They support the Public Health Information Network
They use HIT to improve and maintain public health using a variety of surveillance programs
They have a Data and Statistics section and a Health Data Interactive program
They have a variety of HIT-related projects, such as text messaging health education to patients
barriers to HIT adoption - ANS Not enough:
Time to learn new systems
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 17
, Useful information
Skilled workers to manage systems
Funding
Interoperability (data structure & interface standardization)
Too much:
Change in office workflow & business processes
Security required for HIPAA compliance
Legal red tape between hospitals & referring doctors
Behavior change
Hype
Hype versus Fact - ANS there have been many overly optimistic predictions by vendors,
academicians, the government and early adopters that HIT will revolutionize healthcare
While we are still early in the game, the reviews are mixed whether adoption today has
improved quality, safety or reduced medical costs
The most recent review by the RAND Corp. in 2014 was positive about HIT, but was funded by
ONC
integers - ANS 32767, 15 and -20
floating (decimal) point numbers - ANS 3.14159, -12.014, and 14.01
strings - ANS "hello" or "ball"
structured data - ANS Simple, repeatable format (e.g. billing codes, sodium = 140 mg/dll) →
easy to automate analytical processing
unstructured data - ANS Clinical notes which can be freeform text and not necessarily
standardized.
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 17
